[Factors influencing the cosmetic outcome in early breast cancer patients following salvage surgery and radioisotope teletherapy]. / Faktori, vliiaeshti v'rkhu kozmetichnite rezultati pri patsientki s ranen rak na mlechnata zhleza sled konservativna khirurgiia i telegamaterapiia.

It is the purpose of the report to analyze the factors exerting effect on the cosmetic outcome in breast cancer patients (I-II clinical stage), following organ-salvaging operation in conjunction with telegammatherapy. Assessment of the cosmetic results in 100 female patients with early mammary gland cancer is done 5 years after complex treatment (conservative surgery, postoperative radiotherapy, and chemo- and/or hormonotherapy when indicated). The influence of eight factors on the cosmetic outcome attained is evaluated through correlative statistical analysis, namely: breast size, scope of the surgical intervention, number of lymph nodes dissected, type of operative cicatrix, dose exposure of the entire mamma, homogeneity of radiation dose distribution in tre entire mammary gland, dose exposure of the tumor bed and adjuvant therapy. The analysis performed points to the important practical implications of three of the factors: size of operative intervention (axillary dissection range), breast volume and homogeneity of the irradiation dose in the entire breast.

[The secretory type of persons who have survived a myocardial infarct]. / Sekretoren tip pri litsa, prezhiveli miokarden infarkt.

250 persons (117 men and 73 women) with past myocardial infarction, between 19 and 65 years of age, were examined for the secreting quality (or nonsecreting) of ABO(H) antigens in the saliva. The secreting persons were additionally examined for the antigens titer. 38.40% of the persons examined were found to be nonsecreting which is twice as many than are normally found among the Bulgarian population (18.69%). In the group of patients with past myocardial infarction the weak secreting persons were significantly more numerous while the moderate and strong secreting persons were significantly less. The data of the study allow the conclusion that the nonsecreting and the hyposecreting types are a risk factor for myocardial infarction.

[Effect of sugars on the biological properties of bull spermatozoa after cryopreservation]. / Vliianie na niakoi zakhari vurkhu biologichnite kachestva na spermatozoidi ot bik sled kriokonservatsiia.

An investigation was carried out on the protective qualities of some type of sugars as ingredients of the g X22l diluent with regard to bull spermatozoa upon freezing after the granule technology. It was ascertained that sugars varied in effect. On the base of the results obtained a new diluent was developed under the conditional name of g X22A, with better cryoprotective qualities than those of the currently used diluents. The optimum effect of semen dilution with the granule technology of freezing of g X22A proved within the range of 1 + 4 to 1 + 8.

[Enzyme activity of the seminal fluid of bulls after deep freezing and incubation at 39 degrees C]. / Aktivnost na niakoi enzimi v semenna technost ot bik sled dulboko zamraziavane i inkubatsiia pri 39 gradusa C.

The study of bull semen revealed that the activity of alkaline phosphatase in the semen plasma and spermatozoa did not change, however, upon incubation at 39 degrees C for at least 5 hours the activity of the enzyme dropped nearly 10 times. The activity of GOT in both plasma and spermatozoa rose after deep freezing, but the difference recorded were statistically insignificant. Upon incubation of semen at 39 degrees C in the course of five hours the activity of this enzyme decreased, although insignificantly. The differences were likewise insignificant with the drop of GPT following deep freezing. It was concluded that the changes with all three enzymes cannot be used as reliable markers of the injury of spermatozoa following deep freezing.

[Cryoprotective properties of the components of diluents for bull seminal fluid]. / Krioprotektivni kachestva na niakoi sustavki na razrediteli za semenna technost ot bik.

Studied were the protective qualities of lipovitellinine with regard to spermatozoa at cryoconservation. It was found that following centrifugation at 2000 G of the GH22L diluent for 20 min the electrophoretic investigations on Cellogel revealed a strong drop of lipovitellinine from 25.33 +/- 4.21 to 2.33 +/- 0.24 per cent. With the Nagaze-Niva diluent the drop was from 24.20 +/- 4.56 to 14.10 +/- 2.95 per cent. The changes in the percent ratio of the protein fractions in dilution of bull semen at 1 + 4 were shown to be considerable with the GH22L diluent after the separation of part of the lipovitellinine. With the Nagaze-Niva diluent these changes were negligible. The separation of part of the lipovitellinine with GH22L led to an essential drop of spermatozoid motility and of the heat resistance of semen following thawing. With the Nagaze-Niva diluent the changes in the qualities of spermatozoa were not substantial after separating part of the lipovitellinine. It was also found that the GH22L diluent produced a better cryoprotective effect on spermatozoa than the Nagaze-Niva diluent.

[Viscosity, pH and the protective properties of the diluents of bull seminal fluid after cryoconservation]. / Prouchvaniia vurkhu viskoziteta, pH i protektivnite kachestva na razrediteli za semenna technost ot bik sled kriokonservatsiia.

The changes in the values of viscosity and pH of some diluents in centrifugation and heat treatment and their protective qualities on bull semen at cryoconservation were followed up. It was found that following centrifugation of the gamma X22 pi diluent at 2,000 G for 20 min viscosity considerably dropped (from 2.240 +/- 0.1170 to 1.234 +/- 0.1153 centipoises). With the Nagaze Niva diluent treated under the same conditions the drop of viscosity was not reliable (from 1.368 +/- 0.1063 to 1.258 +/- 0.147). Following thermal treatment at 70 degrees C for 60 min viscosity in the first case considerably rose (from 2.440 +/- 0.1170 to 2.839 +/- 0.1319 centipoises), while in the second case the difference was not reliable (from 1.368 +/- 0.1063 to 1.706 +/- 0.2579 centipoises). After centrifugation at 2,000 G for 20 min and thermal treatment at 70 degrees C for 60 min the values of the two diluents' pH did not change. The drop of viscosity following centrifugation of the gamma X22 pi diluent was found to be associated a with a drop of its protective qualities on the spermatozoa too; and vice versa--the rise of viscosity of the same diluent following thermal treatment increased its protective qualities with regard to spermatozoa following cryoconservation. The centrifugation of the Nagaze Niva diluent at 2,000 G for 20 min and its thermal treatment at 70 degrees C for 60 min did not lead to statistically reliable changes in its viscosity. Neither were statistically reliable the changes in its protection of spermatozoa after cryoconservation.

[Penetrating capacity of bull spermatozoa in vitro]. / Prouchvaniia vurkhu pronikvatelnata sposobnost na spermatozoidi ot bik in vitro.

Studies were carried out on the penetrating capacity of bull spermatozoa in an estrous secretion, a modification of Kremer's method being employed by the authors. The new method seemed to be more readily applicable in the practice. It was found that the penetrating capacity was highest following thawing of semen at 39 degrees C, the pH value of the secretion being 6.8-6.9. The adding of the cytochrome C enzyme to the spermatozoa at the rate of 1 mg/cm3 of such semen increased the penetrating capacity by 22 per cent. When the thawed semen was allowed to stay for fifteen minutes the penetrating capacity of spermatozoa in the estrous++ secretion dropped by 33 per cent.

[Effect of perocin (zineb) on the quality of ovine seminal fluid]. / Vliianie na perotsina (tsineb) vurkhu kachestvata na ovcha semenna technost.

The fungicide perocin , an analogue of the preparation Zineb ( ditiocarbamate ) was applied orally with the feed to 11 rams divided into two test groups of three animals each and one control group of five rams. The preparation was administered at the rate of 1/50 and 1/100 of DL50 per kg body mass to the first and second test group, respectively, in the course of 4 months. During both the preparatory and the experimental period semen was sampled twice a week with the use of an artificial vagina, and investigations were carried out to evaluate the qualitative properties of the semen, the level of Na ions, the redoxi -potential and the activity of the alkaline phosphatase (APh). Apparently, the preparation triggered a trend toward increasing the number of pathologic spermatozoa (20-30 per cent) and decreasing to a lower extent the concentration of the sodium ions and the values of the redoxi -potential. The motility of spermatozoa was lowered by 4.3 per cent for the animals that were treated with 1/50 DL50 per kg body mass, and by 2.1 per cent for those that were offered 1/100 DL50 per kg body mass. There were certain differences between the values obtained although these were statistically insignificant so far as the alkaline phosphatase was concerned. They pointed to the fact that perocin contributed to the increase in the value relationships of some of the forms of this enzyme. The same applied also to the APh1 which is believed to have certain bearing upon preserving the activity of spermatozoa.

[Results of impregnating cows and heifers on consolidated farms and the methods for synchronizing their estrus]. / Prouchvane na rezultatite po zaplozhdane na kravite i iunitsite v uedrenite fermi i metodi za sinkhronizirane na estrusa im.

Studied were the conception rate, milk productivity, calving period, and age at first conception with 3265 cows of 12 herds and 3 breed groups--Bulgarian Red Cattle (BRC), Holstein-Friesian Cattle (HFC), and HFC X BRC. The effect was followed up of the enzyme preparations Cytochrome 'C' and Beta-glucuronidase on the conception rate of cows. Tested was the action of prostaglandin F2 alpha and its analogues Equimate, Luteolysine, and Panazelen on the synchronization of the estrus and the conception. It was found that there was a considerable delay in the calving of the heifers (29 months). The calving period of the cows was prolonged and ranged in days from 369.17 +/- 3.17 up to 381.26 +/- 8.61 for BRC, 378.09 +/- 3.56 to 393.21 +/- 14.85--for HFC, and 339.75 +/- 6.56 to 390.42 +/- 3.51--for HFC X BRC. The use of Beta-glucuronidase and Cytochrome 'C' in the artificial insemination of the cows with deep-frozen semen raised the conception rate at first insemination by about 8-10 per cent.

[Effect of biologically active substances on the alkaline phosphatase activity, viability and fertility of bull spermatozoa]. / Vliianie na niakoi biologichno aktivni veshtestva vurkhu aktivnostta na alkalnata fosfataza, zhiznesposobnostta i oploditelnata sposobnost na spermatozoidi ot bik.

Studied was the effect of beta-glucuronidase, hydrocortisone, and mercaptoethanol in bull semen on the activity of the alkaline phosphatase and the viability and fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa. It was found that the beta-glucuronidase enzyme in conc. of 270 UI per cu. cm of semen enhanced the activity of one of the forms of AP in agar electrophoresis (AP-1) with the simultaneous enhancement of the thermal resistance of spermatozoa at 46 degrees C and their fertilizing capacity by 9.6 per cent at first insemination. At minimum concentration hydrocortisone (1 X 10(-6) M) lowered the heat resistance of spermatozoa at 39 degrees C. Mercaptoethanol was found to lower by 3 per cent the activity of semen alkaline phosphatase. It is suggested to use the beta-glucuronidase enzyme in the practice of artificial insemination out of all other biologically active agents studied.

[Effect of various drugs and enzymes on the quality of deeply frozen bull sperm]. / Prouchvane vliianieto na niakoi lekarstveni veshtestva i enzimi vurkhu kachestvoto na dulbokozamrazena sperma ot bitsi.

In vitro experiments were carried put to test the effect of beta-glucuronidase, ensaprost-phi, and carbocholin-proserin on a total of 725 samples of deeply-frozen bull semen in 8 nutrient media. Studied were the motility, thermal resistance, and oxygen consumption of spermatozoa. The first two indices showed highest values with the use of medium No 2 consisting of 2.8 per cent solution of sodium citrate and 4 gamma ensaprost-phi, and the consumption of oxygen was highest in medium No 1, consisting of 2.8 per cent solution of sodium citrate and 50 U beta-glucuronidase. Biologic experiments with 2106 cows were also carried out. The conception rate was 9.03 per cent higher that that of the control animals at first insemination.

[Studies of the alkaline phosphatase in the sperm, testes and accessory sex glands of bulls]. / Prouchvaniia vurkh alkalnata fosfataza v sperma, semenitsi i dopulnitelni polovi zhlezi ot bik.

Studied were the activity and properties of alkaline phosphatase (AP) in the seminal plasma, spermatozoa washed with physiologic saline, testes, and accessory sexual glands of a bull. The AP activity was highest in the seminal plasma (2493.2 IU/l) and lowest in the Kupffer gland (257.3 IU/kg crude tissue, on an average). In washed spermatozoa it proved by 10 per cent lower than the activity in seminal plasma. At 56 degrees C as much as 60-80 per cent of the AP in the investigated materials was inactivated for 30 min. AP was shown to be inactivated strongly (up to 84-97 per cent) by urea (3.8 M). L-arginine (10(-2) M) and EDTA (10(-3) M) inactivated to an equal extent AP in all studied organs. L-phenylalanine inactivated AP weakly (13-15 per cent) in the testis and the epididymis, and more strongly (32-57 per cent) in the accessory glands and the plasma. Agar electrophoresis revealed three to four isoenzymes of AP in the seminal plasma, three isoenzymes in the testis and the epididymis, and two isoenzymes in the accessory sexual glands and in spermatozoa washed with physioogic saline.

[The spread of parahemolytic vibrios in humans in the Burgass Region (Bulgaria)]. / O rasprostranenii paragemoliticheskikh vibrionov sredi liudei v raione Burgasa (Bolgaria)

The presence of parahemolytic vibrios in the water of the Black sea and also in other water bodies, in the hydrobionts, and later in the secondarily contaminated meat products was demonstrated in 1968. In 1973 gastroenteritis caused by parahemolytic vibrios became widespread; 126 cases were confirmed bacteriologically, and 3 cases were found to be carriers. The infected food products were eliminated, and no more cases of the disease were revealed in 1974.

Food poisoning caused by parahaemolytic and NAG vibrios after eating meat products.

At total of 15 subjects taken ill with food poisoining caused by parahaemolytic and NAG vibrios after eating boiled pork sausage and boiled veal stomach were examined. The meat products were secondarily contamined in the sausage factory due to the use od non-disinfected lake water which was found to be a natural medium of the vibrios. When the use of this water was prohibited, the contamination of the factory and the meat products disappeared and no further cases of food poisoning due to meat products were notified. The disease has a toxic character, runs a bening course and ends after 2--3 days by restoration to full health.

Food poisoning caused by parahaemolytic and NAG vibrios after eating meat products.

At total of 15 subjects taken ill with food poisoining caused by parahaemolytic and NAG vibrios after eating boiled pork sausage and boiled veal stomach were examined. The meat products were secondarily contamined in the sausage factory due to the use od non-disinfected lake water which was found to be a natural medium of the vibrios. When the use of this water was prohibited, the contamination of the factory and the meat products disappeared and no further cases of food poisoning due to meat products were notified. The disease has a toxic character, runs a bening course and end after 2--3 days by restoration to full health.

Comparative study of media for determination of lysine decarboxylase activity.

Three lysine decarboxylase media were studied with 2,764 Enterobacteriaceae. This comparison was made with Möller, Falkow, and Taylor decarboxylase broths. Taylor broth proved to be the most suitable for routine diagnostic work.