Low-intensive lasers in the treatment of peptic gastric and duodenal ulcers.

Pharmacochemical achievements have brought about considerable improvement in treating peptic ulcers. But possible side effects demand a very cautious approach to the administration of every new drug, and stimulate the search for nontraditional treatment. In 638 patients who were treated by semiconductor laser transcutaneously (external irradiation), an average term of ulcer healing was 11.5 days, that is, half the time required for controls. The healing process under laser therapy depends on the disease gravity as well as the diameter and depth of the ulcer. Morphologically, we noted a quick restoration of microvessels in the ulcer area. The most optimal parameters of laser irradiation are chosen with the help of biophotometry.

[The phototherapy of peptic ulcer patients using a semiconductor laser]. / Fototerapiia bol'nykh iazvennoi bolezn'iu s pomoshch'iu poluprovodnikogo lazera.

External semiconductor laser treatment was realized in 470 patients with peptic ulcer. The average time of ulcer healing was twice shorter than in control cases. Ulcer epithelialization depended on the severity of the disease, diameter and depth of the ulcer defect. Prophylactic treatment is recommended to reduce the number of recurrences.

[Morphologic diagnosis of the initial stages of stomach cancer (an analysis of 252 cases)]. / Morfologichesdkaia diagnostika nachal'nykh stadii raka zheludka (analiz 252 nabliudenii).

Cancer involvement of the stomach diagnosed in 225 patients appeared limited to tela submucosa in 252 cases and mucosa in 64.5% of cases. Early diagnosis of metachromatic postoperative cancer was established in 7.6% of patients. Macroscopic forms of the tumors varied. Adenocarcinoma prevailed histologically, its well-differentiated forms occurring in superficial twice as often as in invasive cancer. In 71.8% of patients tumor growth was accompanied by epithelial dysplasia varying in degree. Severe dysplasia was more common in superficial cancer. Carcinomas of exclusively mucosal localization are usually small-sized, differentiated, more distinctly associated with precancer conditions.

[Clinical and diagnostic characteristics of the early forms of stomach cancer]. / Osobennosti kliniki i diagnostiki rannikh form raka zheludka.

Clinical and diagnostic problems of early stomach cancer were considered for 157 patients with diagnosis confirmed after operation. Gastroenterological diseases were not mentioned in the past medical history of 22.9% of the patients only. 48.4% of the patients had the so-called stomach precancerous diseases, 28.7% other diseases of the alimentary tract. At diagnosis of carcinoma, 51.6% of the patients had clinical signs of previous diseases. The importance of prophylactic medical examination in the diagnosis of early stomach cancer was emphasized (cancer was detected actively in 84.7%). Since the gross appearance of early stomach cancer looks like benign lesions, the x-ray and endoscopic methods might not be quite informative. Morphological examination of the spot biopsy material raised preoperative diagnostic accuracy up to 92.3%.