[Use of synthograft after tooth apicoectomy with extensive bone defect and marginal apical communication to periodontium]. / Primjena synthograft-a nakon apikotomije zuba s opseznim kostanim defektom i marginalno apeksnom komunikacijom parodonta.

Synthograft (beta-tricalcium phosphate) is a bioresorptive ceramic material which stimulates osteogenesis after implantation into bone defects and disappears from the site of implantation. In this study, Synthograft was used as a filling in bone defects following apicotomy of teeth with extensive periapical and lateral bone defects along the tooth root involving more than 1/3 of the root, and when an extended periodontal fissure was present in addition. The study included 13 patients with one or more teeth involved. The tricalcium phosphate powder was mixed with patient's own blood and inserted into bone cavities. The patients were followed up during 12 months after surgery by clinical and radiographic control examinations. In all the 13 cases, clinical results were very good, i.e. healing of the wound proceeded without any signs of inflammation, whereas later in the course of follow-up no signs of reaction to the foreign material were observed. Preoperatively loose teeth had gradually become firm and after 12 months were within the limits of physiological motility. Roentgenograms revealed the bone cavities to have filled with newly formed bone, and the periodontal ligament, otherwise lost, was also restored. Results of this study showed the Synthograft implant to be well tolerated by recipients, thus it can be recommended as a filling in extensive bone periapical and lateral defects after tooth apicotomy.

[Convulsions--reaction to intoxication with cystocain DS]. / Konvulzije--reakcija na intoksikaciju cystocainom DS.

Toxic reaction is the most common side-effect accompanying the local anesthetic administration. Toxic reaction symptoms may manifest as CNS symptoms or cardiovascular systems symptoms. Initially, the toxic reaction symptoms in CNS undergo the stage of stimulation, followed by the stage of depression. A case of toxic reaction to the usual dose of Cystocain DS for mandibular anesthesia in an 11-year-old girl is presented. The symptoms began with poor general condition, nausea, severe vertigo, pallor and excessive perspiration, followed by clonus-type muscular convulsions, with consciousness preserved. Upon hospitalization, convulsions were interrupted by i.v. administration of diazepam. Blood pressure returned to normal, circulation recovered and normal frequency and depth of breathing were resumed. To date, only one similar case of reaction to Cystocain DS was reported to the WHO. Mere possibility as well as seriousness and risk of the occurrence of such a situation require close therapist's observations of each patient receiving any type of local anesthetics.