[The incidence and primary multiplicity of colon cancer].

Analysis of Moscow cancer register demonstrates a steady growth of colon cancer (CC) incidence and mortality in Moscow, also noted in all large industrial cities of economically developed countries. In Moscow between 1996 and 2001, the incidence of CC had grown 1.5 times (from 19.6 up to 30% per 100,000), and the CC-related mortality had grown twice (from 9.1 up to 19.5% per 100,000). The incidence of CC among women is 1.5 to 2 times higher than that among men. The burst of CC incidence is noted after age 55, and the peak incidence is noted at age 65. Not rare (2.9% of cases) are tumors that develop simultaneously in different divisions of the colon, which are diagnosed during the surgery or are omitted even then. Such synchronous large bowel tumors are found mostly in patients over 60. The analysis show that metachronous tumors (3.4% of cases) usually develop in the colon 8 to 10 years after the first surgery for CC, or some other cancer, and are found mostly in patients over 70. Unlike foreign statistics on multicentric CC cancer, according to which primary-multiple (synchronous and metachronous) cancers occur in 1.24 to 14% of cases, Moscow statistics demonstrate a lower likelihood of such a pathology in Muscovites. To sum up, patients who underwent treatment for CC or any other cancer should keep being under an oncologist's observation due to the likelihood of the development of a metachronous colon tumor 8 to 10 years later.

[Intensive preoperative hypoxic radiotherapy in combined treatment of patients with cancer of the colon]. / Intensivnaia predoperatsionnaia gipoksiradioterapiia v kombinoravannom lechenii bol'nykhs rakom obodochnoi kishki.

Efficacy of combined treatment (203 patients) and surgical treatment (200 patients) alone was analyzed. In combined treatment either radiation therapy (RT) in the dose 20 Gy over 5 days (group 1) or hypoxyradiotherapy (HRT) in the same doses but in combination with hypoxia (10% oxygen and 90% nitrogen--hypoxic gas mixture HGM-10--group 2) were used in preoperative period. In group 3 HGM-9 (9% oxygen and 91% nitrogen) was used as radioprotector in preoperative period but in increased by 25% radiation doses: total 25 Gy, 5 Gy for 5 days. In the control group only radical surgical treatment was performed. Preoperative irradiation didn't increase the rate of postoperative complications. At the same time the 5-year survival rate was higher in all the groups of patients on combined treatment than in the group of patients on surgical radical treatment. In the group with HGM-9 and increased by 25% radiation doses postoperative complications rate was lower, recurrences and distant metastases occurred less frequently.

[Morphological aspects of intense preoperative hypoxyradiotherapy in combined treatment of patients with sigmoid colon carcinoma]. / Morfologicheskie aspekty intensivnoi predoperatsionnoi gipoksiradioterapii v kombinirovannom lechenii bol'nykh rakom obodochnoi kishki.

Morphological study has confirmed the advantage of using doses of single radiation doses 5 Gy (total dose 25 Gy) and inhalation of a hypoxic gas mixture vs other methods of treatment. The study of radiation pathomorphosis showed significants devitalization of the tumor cells realized clinically with a fall in the number of postoperative recurrences and metastases.

[Primary fibrosarcoma of the lung]. / Pervichnaia fibrosarkoma legkogo.

A case of primary pulmonary fibrosarcoma in a women of 50 is described as a rare disease which is difficult to diagnose intravitally due to the absence of pathognomonic clinical and roentgenological data. The danger of prolonged time-course observation of the patient with a rounded shadow in the lung is emphasized. The importance of electron microscopic study to specify the morphological diagnosis is demonstrated.