RESUMO
PURPOSE: To report predisposing factors, clinical presentation, antibiotic sensitivity, and management of Citrobacter-caused infectious keratitis. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of culture-proven cases of Citrobacter keratitis in a tertiary referral center for 8 years (from January 2012 to September 2020). Demographic data of the patients, predisposing factors, and presenting signs were extracted. RESULTS: Eighteen cases of microbial keratitis due to Citrobacter spp. were identified. The median age of the patients was 66 years (range: 10-89, interquartile range : 59-81). Thirteen patients were male and 5 were female. Multiple predisposing factors were identified in all eyes, including ocular surface disease (n = 8), previous corneal surgery (n = 6), and history of ocular trauma (n = 6). Five patients were diabetic. Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) of patients was light perception (LP) in 8 patients, hand motion (HM) in 7, counting fingers (CF) at 1 m in 1, and CF at 2 m in 2 patients. Thirteen eyes exhibited hypopyon. An area of corneal thinning was observed in 7 eyes (38.9%). Endophthalmitis due to infectious keratitis developed in one patient. In vitro susceptibility testing confirmed high sensitivity to ceftazidime and aminoglycosides. Medical management consisted primarily of topical amikacin (20 mg/ml) combined with topical cefazoline (50 mg/ml) (72.2%). Surgical tectonic procedures were carried out in 7 eyes (38.9%). CONCLUSION: Citrobacter spp. is a rare cause of bacterial keratitis.Previous keratoplasty and ocular surface problems are important risk factors. The prognosis is not good and surgical tectonic intervention is required in many cases to resolve the corneal infection.
RESUMO
Background: The utilization of corneal biomechanical features in evaluating glaucoma and its progression has received particular attention. The severity of corneal biomechanical changes can play an essential role in response to medical or surgical treatment. The present study evaluated the biomechanical features of the cornea in glaucoma patients in different subtypes and compared them with the normal condition. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, glaucoma patients and healthy individuals were referred to the tertiary hospital in 2021. Both eyes underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, intraocular pressure measurement, and corneal biomechanical parameters using Corvis and ORA devices. Finally, data from both groups were compared. Results: Based on the ORA evaluation, Lower CRF and CH were seen in glaucoma patients. In the Corvis evaluation, minor differences were observed in glaucoma as increased pachy, radius, and pachy slope, and decreased HC deformation amplitude, HC deflection amplitude, HC deflection area, deflection amplitude max, dArc length max, max inverse radius, and integrated radius. Lower ACD and higher CCT differentiated PACG from others. Lower CCT and higher C/D and WTW indicated NTG. Based on ORA, the highest CRF and CH were related to PACG and the lowest related to PEXG. In contrast, based on Corvis, higher pachy and radius and lower max inverse radius and integrated radius were specified for PACG. PEXG also had the highest values of the last two parameters. Conclusion: Evaluation of corneal biomechanical parameters and other indicators can be beneficial in assessing the status and severity of glaucoma and distinguishing between disease subtypes.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: This paper elucidated the influence of Wii Fit training on visual perception and executive function in boys with developmental coordination disorders (DCD). METHODS: 50 school boy with DCD (Mean Age = 9.55 ± 2.24) were randomly assigned to one of two groups, Wii Fit training (intervention; n = 25) or usual school program (control; n = 25). Visual perception and executive function were measured pre-, post- (8 weeks, 3 sessions per week, 30 minute per session), using Cognitive Assessment System (CAS) and Test of Visual-Perceptual Skills-Revised (TVPS-R), respectively. Pre- and post-test changes in executive function and visual perception were calculated using one-way ANCOVA, with pre-test values as covariate and post-test values as dependent variables. RESULTS: The findings show that the rates of change in total score of visual perception from pre to post were significantly different between groups (F(1, 47) = 660.76, P = 0.024). Similarly, intervention group showed significantly different rates of change in total score of executive function from pre to post (F (1, 47) = 26.15, P = 0.013). CONCLUSION: Findings support that when developing interventions for the improvement or management of visual perception and executive function in children with DCD, key stakeholders should include the Wii Fit training programs.
