Corrigendum to "Treatment of textile wastewater using the Co(II)/NaHCO3/H2O2 oxidation system" [Heliyon 9(12) December 2023 e22444].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22444.].

Treatment of textile wastewater using the Co(II)/NaHCO3/H2O2 oxidation system.

Textile wastewater (TWW) is one of the most hazardous wastewaters for ecosystems when it is discharged directly into water streams without adequate treatment. Some organic pollutants, such as dyes in TWW, are considered refractory compounds that are difficult to degrade using conventional chemical and biological methods. The bicarbonate-activated peroxide (BAP) system is an advanced oxidation process (AOP) based on applying H2O2, which has been demonstrated to be a clean and efficient technology for dye degradation, with the advantage of operating under slightly alkaline pH conditions. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) based on a central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the degradation of TWW contaminated with the azo dye Acid Black 194 using the BAP system catalyzed with cobalt ions in solution (Co2+). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique was applied to identify significant variables and their individual and interactive effects on the degradation of TWW. The optimum reagent concentrations for degrading TWW at 25 °C and with 45 µM Co2+ were 787.61 and 183.34 mM for H2O2 and NaHCO3, respectively. Under these conditions, complete decolorization (≥99.40), 32.20 % mineralization, and 52.02 % chemical oxygen demand removal were achieved. Additionally, the acute toxicity of textile wastewater before and after oxidation was evaluated with guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata), showing a total reduction in mortality after treatment with the Co2+-BAP system. The Co2+-BAP oxidation system is a potential method for textile wastewater treatment, which, in addition to achieving complete decolorization and partial mineralization, improves biodegradability and reduces the toxicity of the treated water.

Coronary laser with simultaneous contrast injection for the treatment of stent underexpansion.

BACKGROUND: Stent underexpansion is a challenge in interventional cardiology. Some off-label treatments, such as rotational atherectomy, intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) and coronary lasing, have been used to overcome the problem. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of coronary laser atherectomy with simultaneous contrast injection and subsequent balloon dilation to optimize stent expansion. METHODS: Coronary laser atherectomy with simultaneous contrast injection was used. After lasing, non-compliant balloon dilation at high pressure was performed to overcome the underexpanded point. The average increase in the minimum stent area (MSA) was measured by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), and any complication related to the technique was evaluated. Additionally, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), consisting of death from any cause, new myocardial infarction (MI) and target lesion revascularization (TLR), were scrutinized in a long-term follow-up. RESULTS: Sixteen underexpanded stents were treated with laser between August 2017 and November 2022. In all cases but one, IVUS was used to evaluate the MSA before and after lasing. The MSA showed an average increase of 2.34 ± 1.57 mm² (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.47-3.21; p < 0.001) after laser application and balloon inflation. No complication related to the technique was detected. During a follow-up period of a median (interquartile range) of 457 (50-973) days, the combined MACE assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimator showed an event-free rate of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.59-1). CONCLUSIONS: Coronary laser with simultaneous contrast injection is a safe method to optimize a stent underexpansion, with an acceptable event-free rate in long-term follow-up.

New scoring system for predicting percutaneous coronary intervention of chronic total occlusion success: Impact of operator's experience.

BACKGROUND: Several scoring systems have been developed in order to predict percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) result of chronic total occlusion (CTO). The scores principally include anatomic and clinical variables. Operator experience is a decisive factor for achieving successful result. We sought to assess the real impact of operator growing experience on CTO-PCI success. METHODS: The angiographic and clinical variables of CTO-PCIs performed in our center between May 2007 and April 2021 were collected, and variables with potential association with procedural result were thoroughly reviewed. The influence of operator experience based on the number of previous CTO-PCIs was statistically assessed. A scoring system with combination of anatomic variables and operator experience was devised. RESULTS: A total of 540 PCIs in 457 patients were performed in our institution. The scoring model was developed from the derivation set (2/3 of the cohort). The final variables in logistic regression model were CTO length ≥ 20 mm, blunt stump, vessel tortuosity > 45o and operator experience < 100 PCIs. The model showed good performance in the derivation set (area under curve [AUC]: 0.768; confidence interval [CI]: 0706-0.830; p < 0.001) with no significant shrinkage in the validation set (AUC: 0.704; CI: 0.613-0.796; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This new score (E-CTO score) adequately predict the probability of CTO-PCI failure. The model includes a variable representing operator experience along with other anatomic variables.

Angiographic Characteristics and Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of Reattempted Chronic Total Occlusion: Potential Contributing Factors to Procedural Success.

This study aimed to analyze angiographic characteristics of new attempted percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on chronic total occlusion (CTO) compared to first attempt group. The cohort of 527 CTO-PCIs was divided into first-attempt and re-attempt groups, and angiographic characteristics, level of complexity, and contributing factors to failure were analyzed. Between-group success rate difference and potential angiographic and technical aspects contributing to the success in new attempts were scrutinized. A total of 47 new PCIs in 39 patients were performed. The reattempt group showed higher J-CTO score compared to the first-attempt group (2.4 ± 1.06 vs. 1.2 ± 1.06; p < 0.001). The use of more complex techniques and devices such as retrograde approach (29.8% vs. 12.9%) and IVUS (48.9 vs. 27.3%; p: 0.002) were more frequent in the reattempt group. Both procedural and fluoroscopy time were higher in the reattempt group (197 ± 83.9 vs. 150.1 ± 72.3 and 97.7 ± 55.4 vs. 68.7 ± 43, respectively; p < 0.001). There was no between-group difference in terms of technical success (79.8 vs. 76.6% for first attempt vs. reattempt group, respectively; p: 0.6). The overall success rate increased by 6.1%, achieving 85.9% in the entire cohort. Reattempted CTO-PCIs required more complex techniques and had comparable technical success rate with regard to the first-attempt group.

Estado del Arte Manejo Quirúrgico del Carcinoma Metastásico de Primario Desconocido de Cabeza y Cuello / State of the Art Surgical Management of Metastatic Carcinoma of Unknown Primary of Head and Neck

Propósito de la revisión: el objetivo de la revisión es delinear el rol del Manejo Quirúrgico del carcinoma metastásico primario de cabeza y cuello. Buscamos reportes en indicaciones, posibles hallazgos y subsecuentes tratamientos. Recientes hallazgos: La punción aspirativa con aguja fina, permite diferenciar la etiología de los nódulos del cuello: melanoma, carcinoma tiroideo, linfoma y otros tumores indiferenciados. La medición de tiroglobulina ayuda a diferenciar una neoplasia de tiroides. El nivel ganglionar afectado I al III incluye el protocolo de paratiroidectomia, amigadalectomía. El nivel ganglionar IV y V el primario es infraclavicular. Extracto: El cáncer metastásico de primario oculto es una neoplasia con confirmación histológica pero con lesión primaria desconocida. Su manejo es controversial y en la mayoría de los casos insuficiente para llegar al diagnóstico, incluso con la autopsia. La aproximación inicial comprende una serie de exámenes de laboratorio e imágenes de alta complejidad que incluyen la tomografía por emisión de positrones con el test de la Flúor 2-Deoxi Glucosa (FDG-PET/CT), los estudios de anatomía patológica son el segundo paso dentro del manejo estándar e incluyen la Punción y Aspiración con Aguja fina (PAAF). La microscopia tradicional no es suficiente para identificar el tumor primario, las tinciones inmunohistoquímicas aunque no son especificas ni sensibles ayudan con ese propósito y aún más la microscopia electrónica. La biopsia o procedimientos más agresivos como la amigdalectomía son conductas a seguir si aún no se ha logrado el diagnóstico. Se presenta una revisión del estado del arte del manejo del Carcinoma Metastásico de Primario Desconocido de Cabeza y Cuello.

Purpose of the review: the objective of the review is to delineate the role of Surgical Management of primary metastatic carcinoma of the head and neck. We look for reports on indications, possible findings and subsequent treatments. Recent findings: Fine-needle aspiration can differentiate the etiology of neck nodules: melanoma, thyroid carcinoma, lymphoma and other undifferentiated tumors. The measurement of thyroglobulin helps to differentiate a thyroid neoplasm. The affected lymph node level I to III includes the protocol of parathyroidectomy, amigdalectomy. The nodal level IV and V the primary is infraclavicular. Excerpt: Metastatic cancer of the occult primary is a neoplasm with histological confirmation but with an unknown primary lesion. Its management is controversial and in most cases insufficient to reach the diagnosis, even with autopsy. The initial approach involves a series of laboratory tests and highly complex images that include positron emission tomography with the Flucor 2-Deoxy Glucose test (FDG-PET / CT), pathology studies are the second step within standard handling and include Puncture and Fine Needle Aspiration (FNAP). Traditional microscopy is not enough to identify the primary tumor, immunohistochemical stains although they are not specific or sensitive help with this purpose and even more so electron microscopy. Biopsy or more aggressive procedures such as tonsillectomy are behaviors to follow if the diagnosis has not yet been achieved. A review of the state of the art of metastatic carcinoma of Unknown Head and Neck Primary is presented.

Eficacia de Resecciones Hepáticas por Metástasis de Origen Colorrectal / Efficacy of Hepatic Resections for Metastases of Colorectal Origin

Introducción: El cáncer colorrectal (CCR) es la segunda neoplasia más común después del cáncer gástrico, y con frecuencia desarrolla metástasis hepática. Se presenta un estudio unicéntrico del abordaje quirúrgico, resultados y sobrevida pacientes sometidos a cirugía más tratamiento sistémico de metástasis hepáticas de CCR. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo en el Instituto Oncológico del Ecuador de Solca- Guayaquil desde enero del 2015 a diciembre del 2018. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes del Servicio de Laparoscopía operados por cáncer colorrectal, como diagnóstico inicial, que durante sus controles periódicos presentaron metástasis hepáticas y fueron candidatos para tratamiento quirúrgico de metastasectomias, previa valoración con comités de tumores de tubo digestivo. Resultados: La muestra final incluyó 6 pacientes a quienes se les pudo realizar metastasectomías hepáticas anatómicas y no anatómicas. La edad media fue 60 años, con predominio del sexo femenino (n=4, 66.6%). Las lesiones hepáticas se presentaron en un solo segmento hepático en el 66% a las que se les realizo resección total, y cuyas complicaciones presentadas fueron del 33 %, que se resolvieron durante la estancia hospitalaria. Un paciente recibió neoadyuvancia, y solo un paciente presentó metástasis metacrónica. La sobrevida es del 100% hasta la finalización del estudio. Conclusión: Las decisiones multidisciplinarias sobre una oportuna indicación de metastasectomía hepática, disminuyen la morbimortalidad e incrementan la sobrevida de los pacientes con metástasis hepáticas de cáncer colorrectal.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common neoplasm after gastric cancer, and with the frequency of liver metastases. We present a unicentric study of the surgical approach, results and survival, patients, surgery and systemic treatment of hepatic metastases of CRC. Methods: A retrospective and descriptive study was carried out at the Oncology Institute of Ecuador in Solca- Guayaquil from January 2015 to December 2018. All patients of the Laparoscopic Service operated by colorectal cancer were included as initial diagnosis, which during their controls newspapers presented liver metastases and were candidates for surgical treatment of metastasectomies, previous valuation with digestive tract tumors committees. Results: The final sample included 6 patients who could undergo anatomical and non-anatomical hepatic metastasectomies. The average age was 60 years, with a predominance of females (n = 4, 66.6%). Hepatic lesions were present in a single hepatic segment in 66% of those who underwent total resection, and whose complications were 33%, which were resolved during the hospital stay. One patient received neoadjuvant therapy, and only one patient presented metachronous metastasis. Survival is 100% until the end of the study. Conclusion: Multidisciplinary decisions on a timely indication of hepatic metastasectomy reduce morbidity and mortality and increase the survival of patients with hepatic metastases of colorectal cancer.

Distribución Topográfica y Manejo de Tumores Neuroendocrinos del Tubo Digestivo / Topographic Distribution and Management of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Digestive Tube

Introducción: Los tumores neuroendocrinos (TNE) son un grupo de neoplasias que se originan a partir de células enterocromafínicas, especialmente ubicadas en el tubo digestivo. El objetivo del presente estudio es escribir la distribución topográfica, el manejo multidisciplinario y diagnóstico patológico según la OMS de los tumores neuroendocrinos del tubo digestivo. Métodos: El presente es un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo de los casos con diagnóstico anatomopatológico confirmado de tumor neuroendocrino localizados en el tubo digestivo entre enero del 2011 a diciembre del 2018 en el Instituto Oncológico Nacional del Ecuador- SOLCA de Guayaquil. Se describe topografía y tipo de tratamiento establecido con frecuencias y porcentajes. Resultados: Ingresaron al estudio 21 casos. La localización más frecuente fue el apéndice cecal n = 8 (38 %), en estómago n=4 (19 %), intestino delgado n=3 (14 %). El diagnóstico patológico en estadio G1 (65 %); G2 (24%) y G3 (12%). La primera línea de tratamiento fue la cirugía con intención curativa n=19 (90.5 %) y tratamiento endoscópico n=2 (9.5 %). Los pacientes sometidos a cirugía, n=16/19; (84 %) obtuvieron niveles de resección 0 (R0) y permanecieron en observación clínica, los demás sujetos en el estudio recibieron tratamiento adyuvante con somatostatina sola n=1 (4.8 %) o combinación de somatostatina y radioterapia n=2 (9.5 %). Conclusión: El diagnóstico de tumor neuroendocrino de tubo digestivo es una etiología oncológica poco frecuente. El tratamiento quirúrgico en esta serie de casos está enfocada en una acción curativa de tipo quirúrgico.

Introduction: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a group of neoplasms that originate from enterochromaffin cells, especially located in the digestive tract. The objective of the present study is to write the topographic distribution, the multidisciplinary management and pathological diagnosis according to the WHO of the neuroendocrine tumors of the digestive tract. Methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective study of the cases with a confirmed anatomopathological diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumor located in the digestive tract between January 2011 to December 2018 at the National Oncology Institute of Ecuador- SOLCA of Guayaquil. The topography and type of treatment established with frequencies and percentages are described. Results: 21 cases were entered into the study. The most frequent location was the cecal appendix n = 8 (38%), stomach n = 4 (19%), small intestine n = 3 (14%). The pathological diagnosis in stage G1 (65%); G2 (24%) and G3 (12%). The first line of treatment was surgery with curative intent n = 19 (90.5%) and endoscopic treatment n = 2 (9.5%). Patients undergoing surgery, n = 16/19; (84%) obtained resection levels 0 (R0) and remained under clinical observation, the other subjects in the study received adjuvant treatment with somatostatin alone n = 1 (4.8%) or combination of somatostatin and radiotherapy n = 2 (9.5%). Conclusion: The diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumor of the digestive tract is a rare oncological etiology. The surgical treatment in this series of cases is focused on a surgical action of a surgical type.

Essential oils with insecticidal activity against larvae of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae).

Insecticidal activity of the essential oils (EOs) isolated from Tagetes lucida, Lippia alba, Lippia origanoides, Eucalyptus citriodora, Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon flexuosus, Citrus sinensis, Swinglea glutinosa, and Cananga odorata aromatic plants, grown in Colombia (Bucaramanga, Santander), and of a mixture of L. alba and L. origanoides EOs were evaluated on Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti Rockefeller larvae. The EOs were extracted by microwave-assisted hydrodistillation and characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The main components of the EOs were identified using their linear retention indices and mass spectra. The lethal concentrations (LCs) of the EOs were determined between the third and fourth instar of A. aegypti. LC50 was determined by probit analysis using mortality rates of bioassays. All essential oils tested showed insecticidal activity. The following values were obtained for C. flexuosus (LC50 = 17.1 ppm); C. sinensis (LC50 = 20.6 ppm); the mixture of L. alba and L. origanoides (LC50 = 40.1 ppm); L. alba (LC50 = 42.2 ppm); C. odorata (LC50 = 52.9 ppm); L. origanoides (LC50 = 53.3 ppm); S. glutinosa (LC50 = 65.7 ppm); T. lucida (LC50 = 66.2 ppm); E. citriodora (LC50 = 71.2 ppm); and C. citratus (LC50 = 123.3 ppm). The EO from C. flexuosus, with citral (geranial + neral) as main component, showed the highest larvicidal activity.