RESUMO
The methodology and end results of interstitial radiotherapy and combined and complex limb-preserving treatment for carcinoma of the mucosa of the tongue and fundus of the oral cavity have been studied. 60Co ionizing radiation pin-sources with high-level activity at tips were employed.
Assuntos
Raios gama/uso terapêutico , Soalho Bucal , Mucosa Bucal , Neoplasias Bucais/radioterapia , Neoplasias da Língua/radioterapia , Adulto , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Radioterapia/métodos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The report deals with new procedures of interstitial, complex and combined treatment of cancer of the tongue and mucosa of fundus of the oral cavity with time space-differentiated doses of radiation. If indicated, cervical lymph nodes undergo surgery at the final stage of therapy. Interstitial radiotherapy has proved a highly-effective radical component of said treatment for cancers of the tongue and oral cavity.
Assuntos
Mucosa Bucal , Neoplasias Bucais/radioterapia , Neoplasias da Língua/radioterapia , Humanos , Neoplasias Bucais/terapia , Radioterapia/métodos , Radioterapia Adjuvante , Neoplasias da Língua/terapiaAssuntos
Braquiterapia/instrumentação , Adulto , Braquiterapia/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Gravidez , Dosagem RadioterapêuticaRESUMO
Statistical data on the morbidity of malignant tumors to be treated by interstitial radiotherapy were used to calculate the requirements in radiosurgery over the country, including the requisite number of radiological and "active" bed for the management of patients with malignant tumors of the tongue and oral mucosa. Several variants of the organization of radiosurgery service in cancer institutions were analyzed.
Assuntos
Radiologia Intervencionista/organização & administração , Ocupação de Leitos/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais com menos de 100 Leitos , Humanos , Neoplasias Bucais/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Bucais/radioterapia , Serviço Hospitalar de Radiologia/organização & administração , Serviço Hospitalar de Radiologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Radiologia Intervencionista/estatística & dados numéricos , Federação Russa/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Língua/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Língua/radioterapiaRESUMO
The authors summed up foreign and Soviet literature data as well as their own clinical experience in the means of introducing radiation sources as one of the most important element of technical equipment of interstitial radiotherapy. They consist of means for the preparation of introducing sources, an instrument and appliances for introducing intrastats, an instrument and apparatus for introducing the sources. Pin-type sources with 60Co are taken as an example of meeting the requirements of means of introduction.
Assuntos
Braquiterapia/instrumentação , Radioisótopos de Cobalto/administração & dosagem , Desenho de Equipamento , Humanos , Neoplasias/radioterapiaRESUMO
The authors proposed a new model of dosimetric design of combined gamma-therapy of patients with oral mucosa tumors on the basis of F. Ellis' modified model with account of a therapeutic volume of tissues to be irradiated, and Henschke's model describing a focal dose optimum value in interstitial gamma-therapy as a function of its volume. The proposed model is based on the concept of relative (partial) tolerance which is equal to a ratio of values of a dose delivered to a therapeutic volume to a tolerance dose and differs from the formula of partial tolerance described by Orton and Ellis.
Assuntos
Braquiterapia , Radioisótopos de Cobalto/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Bucais/radioterapia , Teleterapia por Radioisótopo , Planejamento da Radioterapia Assistida por Computador , Radioterapia Assistida por Computador , Humanos , Mucosa BucalRESUMO
The authors compared the results of the designing of interstitial irradiation using the Paris system and the optimum scheme of placing radiation sources. The qualities of formed dose fields were compared by 5 criteria characterizing a dose field at the border, in the center and beyond the target as well as its homogeneity by volume. The correlation showed the advantages of planning using optimal schemes in volumes with an elliptical and irregular section by the criteria of homogeneity of target contour irradiation, the lessening of radiation exposure beyond the target and an increase in the absolute value of minimum dose rate at the border of an irradiated volume.
Assuntos
Braquiterapia/métodos , Neoplasias/radioterapia , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Humanos , Modelos BiológicosAssuntos
Braquiterapia/métodos , Computadores , Humanos , Matemática , Programação Linear , Dosagem RadioterapêuticaAssuntos
Braquiterapia/efeitos adversos , Ouro Coloide Radioativo/efeitos adversos , Lesões por Radiação/etiologia , Neoplasias da Mama/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/complicações , Lesões por Radiação/patologia , Úlcera Cutânea/etiologia , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/complicaçõesRESUMO
The authors present an analysis of the causes of radiation induced complications in 383 patients referred to the Chair of Clinical Radiology from different medical institutions of the country. It was found that under distant gamma therapy, to prevent the development of complications the value of TDF-factor should not exceed 105--110, for the associated radiotherapy--130--140, and that for close focal roentgenotherapy--130--150. In vast majority of patients (95.3%) the complications resulted from surpassing the normal tissue tolerance. To prevent radiation injuries it is suggested to take into consideration the TDF-factor values, while in planning radiotherapy to choose such schedules of irradiation, which preclude any surpassing of the tolerance of normal tissues and organs adjacent to the tumor.