RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Several studies have reported increased incidence rates of psychotic disorders among immigrant groups. Surprisingly, the cross-cultural validity of the diagnostic instruments that were used was never tested. AIMS: To examine whether the incidence rates of psychotic disorders including schizophrenia among Moroccan immigrants to the Netherlands remain increased when a cultural sensitive diagnostic interview is used. METHOD: We compared first contact incidence with a standard and a cultural sensitive version of a diagnostic interview. RESULTS: Age and gender adjusted relative risk for psychotic disorders and schizophrenia among Moroccans compared to native Dutch was 7.9 (95% CI 4.7-13.5) and 7.8 (95% CI 4.0-15.2) respectively based on the standard diagnostic interview and 4.2 (95% CI 2.3-7.9) and 1.5 (0.5-4.3) respectively based on the cultural sensitive version the diagnostic interview. CONCLUSION: First contact incidence of schizophrenia among Moroccans was no longer significantly higher than among ethnic Dutch people when a cultural sensitive diagnostic procedure was applied.
Assuntos
Comparação Transcultural , Emigrantes e Imigrantes/psicologia , Emigrantes e Imigrantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Entrevista Psicológica/normas , Transtornos Psicóticos/etnologia , Transtornos Psicóticos/epidemiologia , Esquizofrenia/etnologia , Esquizofrenia/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Marrocos/etnologia , Países Baixos , Psicometria/estatística & dados numéricos , Transtornos Psicóticos/diagnóstico , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Esquizofrenia/diagnóstico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Perseveration, spatial orientation, and attention/concentration were assessed in 15 patients with a probable diagnosis of senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type. Subjects were divided into two groups, wanderers and nonwanderers, based on caregiver ratings using a modified version of the Caregiver Checklist. Graphic productions of wanderers on the Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test and Clock Drawing Test displayed greater total perseveration and more recurrent and continuous perseverations than those of nonwanderers. Spatial orientation and attention/concentration were similar between groups. These preliminary results suggest that graphomotor perseverations exhibited during the mild to moderate stages may serve as a marker for wandering in Alzheimer's disease.
Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/psicologia , Atividade Motora , Desempenho Psicomotor , Redação , Idoso , Doença de Alzheimer/diagnóstico , Doença de Alzheimer/fisiopatologia , Encéfalo/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Orientação , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Comportamento EspacialAssuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/classificação , Demência/classificação , Avaliação Geriátrica , Atividades Cotidianas/classificação , Idoso , Doença de Alzheimer/diagnóstico , Doença de Alzheimer/terapia , Demência/diagnóstico , Demência/terapia , Hospitais Especializados , Humanos , Assistência de Longa Duração , Testes Neuropsicológicos/estatística & dados numéricos , PsicometriaAssuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/psicologia , Demência/psicologia , Avaliação Geriátrica/estatística & dados numéricos , Sintomas Afetivos/diagnóstico , Sintomas Afetivos/enfermagem , Sintomas Afetivos/psicologia , Idoso , Agressão/psicologia , Doença de Alzheimer/diagnóstico , Doença de Alzheimer/enfermagem , Atenção , Demência/diagnóstico , Demência/enfermagem , Feminino , Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos , Humanos , Masculino , Testes Neuropsicológicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Casas de Saúde , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Psicometria , Comportamento SocialRESUMO
Dementia patients' and normal elderlies' recognition of familiar, ordinary emotional and facial expressions was tested. In three conditions subjects were required to name the emotions depicted in pictures and to produce them while presented with the verbal labels of the expressions. The dementia patients' best performance occurred when they had access to the verbal labels while viewing the pictures. The major deficiency in facial recognition was found to be dysnomia related. Findings of this study suggest that the connection between the gnostic units of expression and the gnostic units of verbal labeling is not impaired significantly among the dementia patients.
Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/psicologia , Anomia/psicologia , Face , Rememoração Mental , Retenção Psicológica , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doença de Alzheimer/diagnóstico , Anomia/diagnóstico , Atenção , Cuidadores/psicologia , Formação de Conceito , Emoções , Expressão Facial , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Entrevista Psiquiátrica Padronizada , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Testes NeuropsicológicosRESUMO
The present study investigated the attitudes of Indian and American children toward elderly people. The "Children's Attitudes Toward the Elderly" questionnaire was used to measure how children perceived elderly people. Chi-square analyses indicated that children of Indian origin gave behavioral responses more often than affective or cognitive ones, while American children were more affective in their responses to questions about their interactions with elderly individuals. The results indicated that Indian children though born and raised in America were encouraged to follow the traditional values of their families' culture. Further research should include actual observations of children from different ethnic backgrounds interacting with elderly people.
