Phytochemical investigations on Artemisia alba Turra growing in the North-East of Italy.

Artemisia alba Turra (Asteraceae) is an Euro-Mediterranean plant used in Veneto (North-East of Italy) as traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. A. alba is a taxonomically problematic species, characterised by common polymorphism leading to a quite high variability in secondary metabolites content. Nonetheless, the phytochemical knowledge on its phytoconstituents, especially non-volatile components, is limited. In the present paper, the phytochemical composition of a tincture obtained from the aerial parts of A. alba growing in Veneto is presented. Extensive chromatographic separations led to the isolation of three new sesquiterpene derivatives, whose structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR experiments and mass spectrometry. Furthermore, flavonoid composition and volatile constituents of the tincture of A. alba were preliminary studied by HPLC-MSn and GC-MS, respectively.

Biochemical detection of E-ADA on Neospora caninum tachyzoites and the effects of a specific enzymatic inhibitor / Detección bioquímica de E-ADA en taquizoitos de Neospora caninum y los efectos de un inhibidor enzimático específico

Objective. This study aimed to investigate the presence and activity of the ecto adenosine deaminase (E-ADA) enzyme in tachyzoites of Neospora caninum (Nc-1 strain), as well as to assess the activity of a well-known E-ADA inhibitor, the deoxycoformycin. Materials and methods. The parasites were grown in cell culture, being subsequently separated in a pellet of tachyzoites, on which the E-ADA activity was tested using the concentrations 0 (control), 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 mg mL-1. Results. The E-ADA showed high activity, progressively increasing its activity according to the enhancement of the protein concentration. The test was carried out with different concentrations of deoxycoformycin, showing that it was able to inhibit the E-ADA present on the free form of the parasite. Conclusions. Based on these results we conclude that the E-ADA is present on tachyzoites of N. caninum, and deoxycoformycin is able to inhibit this enzyme. In this sense, knowing the negative impact of N. caninum on reproductive issue in cattle (mainly abortion), might it is an alternative in order to deal with this parasitic infection.

Objetivo. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la presencia y la actividad de la adenosina deaminasa (E-ADA) en taquizoitos de Neospora caninum (Nc-1 cepa), así como ensayar un conocido inhibidor de estas enzimas. Material y métodos. Los parásitos se multiplicaron en cultivo celular y posteriormente fueron separados en un sedimento de taquizoitos. La actividad de E-ADA fue probada en el parásito, usando concentraciones de 0 (control), 0.2, 0.4 y 0.8 mg mL-1. Resultados. El E-ADA tenía una alta actividad aumentó progresivamente de acuerdo con la concentración de proteínas. La prueba se llevó a cabo con diferentes concentraciones del inhibidor E-ADA (desoxicoformicina) y fue capaz de inhibir la presente E-ADA en el parásito. Conclusiones. Por la observación de los resultados se concluye que la enzima E-ADA está presente en taquizoítos de N. caninum, y desoxicoformicina es capaz de inhibir la acción de la enzima. En este sentido, conocer el impacto negativo del parásito en los problemas productivos y reproductivos en el ganado (principalmente abortos), estos resultados pueden ser una alternativa para evitar esta enfermedad parasitaria.