Emigración de profesionales de enfermería en México / Emigração de profissionais de enfermagem no México / Emigration of nursing professionals in Mexico

La creciente emigración de profesionales de enfermería en México podría colocar su sistema de salud en una crisis nacional. Actualmente, existen más de 272,000 migrantes a nivel global 1. Se estima que 11,800,000 son mexicanos, el 35% de ellos son profesionistas 2. México se ubica en sexto lugar de países que envían migrantes calificados y en primer lugar en la región de América Latina. Los principales países receptores son Estados Unidos (EE. UU.), Canadá, y España. En 2015, en Estados Unidos el número de mexicanos calificados rebasó las 250,000. De acuerdo con datos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud 3 hay más de 20,700,000 de profesionales de enfermería y partería en el mundo. No obstante, se calcula que para el 2030 nos enfrentaremos ante la escases de 18,000,000. Tan solo en Canadá este déficit podría llegar a los 60,000 enfermeros, mientras que en EE. UU esta cifra se triplica a los 240,000.

[Factors relating to falls in hospitalized patients]. / Factores relacionados con la presencia de caídas en pacientes hospitalizados.

Falls are one indicator of quality, and are classified as an adverse event, where the consequences of these can range from mild to severe and even fatal; the Joint Commission International (JCI) reports them as the sixth most frequently reported event in the database Sentinel Events. A challenge for health institutions is to maintain a risk-free environment, ensuring users to achieve the expected improvement; however each hospital is extremely complex due to the constant interaction of the person with their environment, making it necessary to have clear understanding of the variables that can influence the situation. To consider a risk-free environment must be considered preventive actions to minimize risk factors, which can be both intrinsic and extrinsic, first includes the particular characteristics of the person, and the latter refers to the hospital environment. It is important to consider that within the intrinsic factors, although they cannot be completely modified, is necessary to make an assessment and identify risks to promote preventive measures, respect to the extrinsic; is responsibility of the multidisciplinary health team to identify and eliminate the causes that contribute to the presence of falls.