Assuntos
Diarreia Infantil/etiologia , Infecções por Rotavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/epidemiologia , Pré-Escolar , Colômbia , Diarreia Infantil/epidemiologia , Diarreia Infantil/microbiologia , Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae/epidemiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Enteropatias Parasitárias/epidemiologia , Yersiniose/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Infecções Bacterianas/tratamento farmacológico , Penicilinas/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Antibacterianos/efeitos adversos , Antibacterianos/metabolismo , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Mezlocilina , Penicilinas/efeitos adversos , Penicilinas/metabolismoRESUMO
Penetration of the aminoglycoside, amikacin, into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of twenty children with acute bacterial meningitis was studied at various times after intramuscular administration and at various stages of therapy. Six of the patients were evaluated during therapy with amikacin at 7.5 mg/kg (intramuscularly) every 12 hours plus ampicillin every 6 hours at 300 mg/kg/day (intravenously); thirteen of the remaining fourteen patients were treated with ampicillin alone, but were given a single intramuscular dose of 7.5 mg/kg of amikacin for evaluation of CSF concentration. Amikacin concentration in CSF with respect to time after administration followed essentially the same pattern as in serum. A minimum concentration of 2 microgram/ml was found in 76% of the CSF samples obtained between 0.5 and 7 hours after administration. A mean amikacin serum/CSF ratio of 3:1 was demonstrated up to 7 hours after dose in all patients who underwent clinical improvement. Patient response was predictable by a correlation of in vitro MIC values with in vivo CSF concentration in three of the six patients who received amikacin therapy.
Assuntos
Amicacina/metabolismo , Canamicina/análogos & derivados , Meningite/tratamento farmacológico , Doença Aguda , Amicacina/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Cinética , Masculino , Meningite/líquido cefalorraquidianoRESUMO
Amikacin was used in the treatment of various Gram-negative infections in sixty-six children ranging in age from two days to thirteen years. Over 72% of the infections treated were classified as severe and the remainder were moderate. Among infections in which the site of origin was the urinary or gastro-intestinal tract, amikacin achieved thirty-eight (95%) complete or partial cures in forty patients. In respiratory tract infections, amikacin completely or partially cured six (75%) out of eight patients. The remaining eighteen infections involved skin, soft tissue and other miscellaneous categories in which amikacin therapy resulted in seventeen (94%) complete or partial cures. Overall, amikacin achieved fifty-four complete cures and seven clinical or bacteriological cures in sixty-six patients, which represents an 82% complete cure rate and 10% partial cure rate for all the patients in the study.
