[Parametres of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in patients with lung and esophagus cancer according to their gender and age.]

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is a diagnostic method, which can be used for oncological patients. It shows its perspectives in measuring reserve capacity of the human organism, determining the risk of postoperative complications, and long-term prognosis. The method is also useful for optimization of rehabilitation measures, which is actual for polymorbid aged patients. In this article we present data of cardiopulmonary exercise testing of 362 patients, men and women of different ages with lung and esophagus cancer. We performed a comparative analysis of aerobic ability of gerontological patients and patients from the other age groups. The patients showed higher ranges at rest in comparison to normal population, and lower rates on anaerobic threshold. Patients from the 40-49 age group showed the best values of aerobic exchange. Aged patients had lower oxygen uptake on anaerobic threshold than other groups. Women of all ages had higher values of peak oxygen uptake then men; aged patients showed better results in comparison to the normal ranges.

[OLD AND NEW PROBLEMS IN THE TRAINING OF ANAESTHESIOLOGISTS].

In connection with the upcoming changes in the professional education in Russia, there is a need to adapt the existing system of training of anesthesiologists. We sent questionnaires to 831 anesthesiologists to identify their opinion about the planned transition to continuous medical education. We found that the majority of respondents do not object to the implementation in practice of this system, especially if the educational model will be adapted to the specific requests of practitioners. Reorganization of the system of higher and additional professional education requires state educational and medical institutions, and public organizations of the effective interaction. Public professional organizations should play the more active role of facilitators of the educational process.

[Enterovirus infection as a risk factor of acute coronary syndrome and its complications].

Antigens of enteroviruses were detected quantitatively in the modified complement-binding reaction in blood samples from 102 of the 208 (49%) patients with ACS, in coronary artery tissues from 23 of 24 and heart from 51 of 94 (54.3%) patients with MI who died from cardiogenic shock and/or cardiac rupture. The relative level of enterovirus antigen (RLEVA) in the blood of patients with MI complicated and uncomplicated by cardiogenic shock and/or cardiac rupture was 0.42 +/- 0.04 and 0.29 +/- 0.02 arbitrary units respectively (p = 0.032) compared with 0.21 +/- 0.07 in patients with unstable angina (UA) (p = 0.0001). RLEVA in patients with UA was significantly lower than in those with uncomplicated MI (p < 0.011). RLEVA in necrotized myocardial areas after death from cardiogenic shock (0.54 +/- 0.18) and/or cardiac rupture (0.46 +/- 0.15) was higher than outside MI zones (0.30 +/- 0.14 and 0.26 +/- 0.10 respectively) (p < 0.01). RLEVA in coronary vessels feeding the necrotic zones of patients with MI complicated by cardiogenic shock (0.44 +/- 0.18) was higher (p = 0.03) than in the vessel feeding tissues outside the MI zone (0.29 +/- 0.19). It is concluded that enterovirus infection is a factor of ACS; it is directly involved in its pathogenesis and promotes the development of cardiogenic shock and/or cardiac rupture.