RESUMO
The article extensively covers the historical stages of the development of enteral oxygenation technique. There is shown the long way of scientific research from the first using of "oxygenating" products in the early XX century to undertaken hundred years after attempts of the oxygen introduction into gastrointestinal tract for systemic oxygenation improvement and prevention of intestinal flora translocation in sepsis. On the basis of anatomical and physiological characteristics of the intestinal wall there was shown the possibility of both local and systemic effects of the oxygen introduced into the intestinal tract. The hypothesis about the possibility of improving homeostasis and pulmonary gas exchange by normalizing the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract was presented.
