[Peculiarities of treating endocrine ophthalmopathy in patients with toxic goiter combined with diabetes mellitus]. / Osobennosti lecheniia éndokrinnoi oftal'mopatii u bol'nykh toksicheskim zobom v sochetanii s sakharnym diabetom.

Thyroid pathology is among autoimmune diseases the incidence of which is now on the increase. Endocrine ophthalmology (EO) often accompanying thyroid disorders may cause deterioration or loss of vision. EO can be corrected by several methods. The most pronounced effect is achieved by x-ray therapy on the orbit and intermittent glucocorticosteroid (GCS) large-dose therapy. GCS, however, affect carbohydrate metabolism. In physiological levels, GCS effects on regulation of carbohydrate metabolism are not significant, but high GCS concentrations may provoke hyperglycemia and even steroid diabetes.

[Computerized echotomography with target puncture biopsy in the diagnosis of thyroid gland lesions]. / Komp'iuternaia ékhotomografiia s pritsel'noi punktsionnoi biopsiei v diagnostike porazhenii shchitovidnoi zhelezy.

Combined investigation of 200 patients with different thyroid lesions was conducted. The program of investigation included computerized echotomography of the thyroid with spot puncture and rapid cytological examination. Of them 138 patients were operated upon. In 125 patients (87.4%) combined investigation including spot aspiration puncture biopsy and echotomography helped to establish morphological diagnosis of lesion, to specify indications for surgical intervention and to optimize its use.

[Secretion of thyrocalcitonin and parathyroid hormone in diffuse polyposis of the colon]. / Cekretsiia tireokal'tsitonina i paratgormona pri diffuznom polipoze tolstoi kishki.

The article presents data obtained in studying the content of calcium regulating hormone thyrocalcitonin and parathyroid hormone in blood plasma of patients with diffuse polyposis of the colon prior to and after a radical surgical treatment. The content of these hormones was also studied in extracts from colonic polyps. The concentration The concentration of thyrocalcitonin was found to decrease after operation. The elevated concentration of thyrocalcitonin was established in polyp extracts which might suggest its "ectopic secretion" in the polyp tissue in diffuse polyposis. Removal of the colon with polyps is followed by normalization of metabolism in the organism which proves the expediency of early surgical treatment.

[Optimization of treatment of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus using multiple injections of insulin]. / Optimizatsiia lecheniia bol'nykh insulinzavisimym sakharnym diabetom s pomoshch'iu mnogorazovykh in''ektsii insulina.

The use of various regimens of multiple insulin injections versus the regimen of a single injection resulted in more stable compensation of diabetes mellitus (glycemia stabilization), a decrease in insulin demand, smoothing over circadian glycemic variations, and correction of hypoglycemia. A choice of the number of injections and the time of administration depended on the type of a diabetic course, individual features of the patient's life style and work.

[Central hemodynamics in patients with hypothyroidism]. / Tsentral'naia gemodinamika u bol'nykh gipotireozom.

A study was made of the parameters of central hemodynamics in 48 patients with hypothyroidism in various degrees of its compensation. Tetrapolar chest rheography was used for this purpose. The content of the blood thyroid hormones was determined by radioimmunoassay. The patients developed a hypokinetic blood circulation, correlating to a degree of severity of hypothyroidism. Significant correlation between the levels of the thyroid hormones and indices of central hemodynamics was found. The method of tetrapolar chest rheography was shown to be a reliable and noninvasive test for assessment of the adequacy of substitution therapy in hypothyroidism and myocardial sensitivity to the thyroid hormones.

[Apathetic form of thyrotoxicosis]. / Apateticheskaia forma tireotoksikoza.

Two cases of the apathetic form of thyrotoxicosis in women aged 39 and 54 were described. The disease was characterized by the absence of typical signs of thyrotoxicosis in the presence of ptosis, cardiovascular disorders and thyrotoxic myopathy confirmed by EMG findings. Clinical symptoms were not registered after surgical therapy or chemotherapy with mercazolyl.

[Status of the hypophysis-adrenal cortex system during treatment with glucocorticoids by the method of intermittent (every other day) administration]. / Sostoianie sistemy gipofiz-kora nadpochechnikov pri lechenii gliukokortikoidami metodom preryvistogo (chrezdnevnogo) vvedeniia preparatov.

The authors discuss the advantages of the use of glucocorticoids in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, if the drugs are administered every other day. A total of 149 patients with autoimmune thyroiditis, endocrine ophthalmopathy, myasthenia and bronchial asthma were examined. Of these, 3 patients received glucocorticoids every other day, whereas the remainder took them every day. The former method consisted in the use of a single daily dose of glucocorticoids (20 to 80 mg) at 7 to 8 o'clock in the morning over 2 months to 5 years. The function of the pituitary-adrenal system was tested by the measurement of the blood content of ACTH, hydrocortisone and testosterone with the aid of a kit of standard tests. It was shown that glucocorticoids administered every other day did not produce any suppression of the pituitary-adrenal system in contrast to those who received prednisolone every day. The lack of the side effects in the form of exogenous hypercorticoidism can be explained by the anabolic action of steroid hormones produced by the reticular zone of the adrenal cortex. Examination of the blood serum content of testosterone in women who received glucocorticoids every other day has demonstrated that modulations in its secretion were similar to those in the content of ACTH and hydrocortisone. Thus, the stimulating hormonal therapy with glucocorticoids administered every other day appears more physiological as compared to the daily schedule.

[Long-term use of parlodel in acromegaly]. / Dlitel'noe primenenie parlodelia pri akromegalii.

The authors studied the basal and L-DOPA-stimulated levels of STH and basal level of prolactin in blood serum of 128 patients presenting with acromegaly. The basal levels of STH and prolactin were found to be elevated in the majority of patients with an active disease stage. Long-term (for 5-6 years) therapy with parlodel (2.5-20 mg a day) produced a disease remission. It is concluded that parlodel can be used not only as an additional agent to x-ray therapy or hypophysectomy but also as monotherapy, provided that the drug is applied for a long time.

[Diagnostic problems of autoimmune thyroiditis]. / Voprosy diagnostiki autoimmunnogo tireoidita.

The most informative diagnostic criteria of autoimmune thyroiditis were revealed. A kit of diagnostic tests were offered for each version of autoimmune thyroiditis. The lowest percentage of antibodies against thyroglobulin was demonstrated for the hyperthyroid hypertrophic version of autoimmune thyroiditis, while the highest for its atrophic pattern. Biopsy of the thyroid was found to be the most informative test for autoimmune thyroiditis, provided the result was positive. If the result of puncture biopsy is negative, it is desirable to apply a complex of tests depending on thyroid function and size.