[Features of adaptation of newborns born to mothers with endemic goiter]. / Osobennosti adaptatsii novorozhdennykh, rodivshikhsia u materei s éndemicheskim zobom.

Relationships between chronic iodine deficiency and, among other things, endemic goiter in women and adaptation of their babies in the early neonatal period were studied. A total of 125 women with endemic goiter of the Ist-IInd degrees and their newborns were examined. The diagnosis of endemic goiter was verified by the findings of an objective examination, ultrasonic examination, and puncture biopsy of the thyroid. Blood levels of triiodothyronine and thyroxin were measured in the women on days 3-4 postpartum. In the newborns Apgar score, body mass and length at birth, degree of maturity, physiologic body mass loss, duration of the icteric syndrome, time of umbilical cord drop off, and immunity status from the data of NBT test were assessed. Forty-five women without goiter and their newborns were controls. Postpartum measurements of triiodothyronine and thyroxin levels in the blood of patients with endemic goiter brought the authors to a conclusion that subclinical hypothyrosis was characteristic of them. Adaptation processes in the early neonatal period were found disordered in the newborns of mothers with endemic goiter. This manifested by a higher, vs. controls, incidence of asphyxia, hypotrophy, signs of the CNS involvement, and respiratory distress syndrome. Initial body mass recovery, disappearance of the icteric syndrome, umbilical cord loss were delayed in these newborns in comparison with the controls, and statistically reliable deviations in their immune status were revealed.

[Thyroid status in anemic pregnant women under conditions of endemic goiter]. / Sostoianie shchitovidnoi zhelezy u beremennykh s anemiei v usloviiakh zobnoi éndemii.

Anemia is a highly prevalent condition among pregnant women in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The causes of this anemia are not quite clear, as is the problem of resistance of this type of anemia to therapy with iron preparations. The authors propose that this may be explained by the fact that many regions of the Republic are foci of endemic goiter, because tentative studies indicate a relationship between endemic goiter and hypothyrosis. The present study was aimed at examination of the thyroid status in pregnant women suffering from anemia in the town of Alma-Ata, a region endemic for goiter. Altogether 120 anemic pregnant women were examined, 60 of these with goiter and 60 without it. Control group consisted of 20 healthy pregnant women. Clinical and ultrasonic examinations, puncture biopsy of the thyroid, measurements of blood levels of TTH, total and free triiodothyronine and thyroxin, thyroxin-binding globulin, as well as of peripheral blood red cell counts, levels of hemoglobin, serum iron, assessment of total iron-binding capacity of the serum and saturation coefficient, were carried out. Healthy pregnant women from a focus of endemic goiter were found to represent a group at risk of anemia in the third pregnancy trimester. In anemic pregnant women endemic goiter aggravated anemia. Chronic iodine deficiency is conductive to formation in pregnant women of subclinical hypothyrosis whose severity increased in the presence of anemia, more so if anemia is paralleled by goiter.

[Immunoglobulin levels in the blood of persons with diabetes mellitus risk factors]. / Soderzhanie immunoglobulinov v krovi u lits s faktorami riska sakharnogo diabeta.

Persons with risk factors of diabetes mellitus are prone to certain changes in the content of the main classes of immunoglobulins. These changes are aggravated during progression of disease and reflect immunological readjustment of the body playing a certain role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus.

[Results and prospects for the study of endemic goiter in Kazakhstan]. / Itogi i perspektivy izucheniia zobnoi éndemii v Kazakhstane.

The results of many-year-old research into endemic goiter epidemiology in Kazakhstan were summed up. Methods for the assessment of potential goiter risk were worked out. Multipurpose expedition investigations including mass screenings of the population and animals in all climatic and geographic zones of the republic, an analysis of the concentration of iodine and some other trace elements in the environment and the level of their consumption by man, resulted in compiling a variety of medicogeographic maps on endemic goiter epidemiology. Borders of goiter foci with various degree of endemia were defined; regions on the territory of Kazakhstan were singled out with relation to a degree of potential goiter risk, iodine deficiency, the concentration of cuprum, cobalt, manganese and fluorine. A zone of relative iodine deficiency where endemia was characterized by normal iodine consumption, was defined. Methods of differentiated antigoiter prevention with account of specific biogeochemical conditions of one or another focus, were worked out. Their introduction significantly raised the efficacy of antigoiter measures reducing goiter prevalence up to a sporadic level. The prospects of further advances in goiter control are associated with defining a biogeocemical situation in various endemic zones.

[Possible relation between the immune response and thymus-dependence of the immunizing antigens in children in an endemic goiter region]. / O vozmozhnoi sviazi mezhdu immunnym otvetom i timuszavisimost'iu immuniziruiushchikh antigenov u detei v ochage zobnoi éndemii.

As a result of serological examination of 7- to 14-year-old children in goiter endemic region it was shown that the activity of diphtheria and tetanus antitoxins is reduced in the initial stage of the thyroid enlargement, but prolonged antistrumin administration prevents this lowering. The relationship between these factors and immune response to polysaccharide antigens of typhoid vaccine was not observed. It is suggested that the dissimilar influence of the enlarged goiter initial forms and antithyroid prophylaxis on antibody genesis, induced by different antigens, is caused by an unequal role of the immune t-system.

[Effect of a chronic iodine deficit in the ration on the development of the infectious process]. / Vliianie khronicheskogo defitsita ioda v ratsione na razvitie infektsionnogo protsessa

It was revealed that the infectious process in albino rats kept for 4-5 months on an iodine-deficiency diet was characterised by a tendency to dissemination. The seeding efficiency from the parenchymatous organs increased in such animals significantly, whereas the bactericidal properties of the plasma and the phagocytic activity of blood neutrophils decreased; this was apparently associated with depression of the intracellular metabolism reflected in reduction of the cytochromoxidase and peroxidase in the neutrophils.