RESUMO
The determination of resection extent traditionally relies on the microscopic invasiveness of frozen sections (FSs) and is crucial for surgery of early lung cancer with preoperatively unknown histology. While previous research has shown the value of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for instant lung cancer diagnosis, tumor grading through OCT remains challenging. Therefore, this study proposes an interactive human-machine interface (HMI) that integrates a mobile OCT system, deep learning algorithms, and attention mechanisms. The system is designed to mark the lesion's location on the image smartly and perform tumor grading in real time, potentially facilitating clinical decision making. Twelve patients with a preoperatively unknown tumor but a final diagnosis of adenocarcinoma underwent thoracoscopic resection, and the artificial intelligence (AI)-designed system mentioned above was used to measure fresh specimens. Results were compared to FSs benchmarked on permanent pathologic reports. Current results show better differentiating power among minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA), invasive adenocarcinoma (IA), and normal tissue, with an overall accuracy of 84.9%, compared to 20% for FSs. Additionally, the sensitivity and specificity, the sensitivity and specificity were 89% and 82.7% for MIA and 94% and 80.6% for IA, respectively. The results suggest that this AI system can potentially produce rapid and efficient diagnoses and ultimately improve patient outcomes.
RESUMO
This study proposes and experimentally demonstrates a NOA61-polymer fiber Fizeau interferometer (PFFI) connected to a flexible NOA65-polymer taper (PT) for simultaneous measurement of tilt angle and temperature (T). The PT/PFFI fiber sensor consists of a taper-shaped flexible NOA65 polymer and single-mode fiber with an endface that is attached to a NOA61-polymer. The NOA61-polymer of PFFI is highly sensitive to variations of T with high repeatability and enables the simultaneous measurement of tilt angle by connecting with the highly flexible NOA65-PT. the interference fringe visibility of optical spectra in the PFFI can be highly controlled by the tilt angle of the PT and is thus capable of measuring tilt angles with high sensitivity. On the other hand, wavelength shifts of the spectra in the PFFI only occur when T varies. The proposed PT/PFFI can simultaneously detect the tilt state and the variation of surrounding T by measuring the optical spectral responses and eliminating cross sensitivity. Experimental results demonstrate the PT/PFFI can simultaneously measure tilt angles and T with good sensitivities and obtain averages of 0.4 dB/° and 0.17 nm/°C, respectively.
