Relationship between obesity indexes and triglyceride glucose index with gastrointestinal cancer among the US population.

Background: Previous studies have found that obesity is closely related to gastrointestinal cancer (GIC), but there is insufficient evidence to compare the relationship between various obesity indexes and triglyceride glucose index with GIC. Methods: This study analyzed the relationship between Body mass index (BMI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), Triglyceride glucose (TyG), Triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI), Triglyceride glucose-waist circumference (TyG-Waist), Triglyceride Waist-to-Height Ratio (TyG-WHtR), Visceral adiposity index (VAI), Waist circumference (Waist), Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR), and Weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) and GIC. The data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2018 was utilized. We conducted weighted multiple logistic regression to analyze the relationship between GIC and obesity indexes and subgroup analysis was carried out for further study. After that, survival analysis and restricted cubic spline (RCS)was used to analyze the relationship between various obesity indexes and the prognosis of GIC. Results: Logistic regression showed that TyG [Q4 vs Q1: OR (95 %CI) = 2.082(1.016 âˆ¼ 4.269)] and LAP [Q4 vs Q1: OR (95 %CI) = 2.046(1.010 âˆ¼ 4.145)] were related to GIC. Survival analysis and RCS found BMI [Q4 vs Q1: HR (95 %CI) = 0.369(0.176 ∼ 0.773)], Waist [Q4 vs Q1: HR (95 %CI) = 0.381(0.193 ∼ 0.753)], and WWI [Q4 vs Q1: HR (95 %CI) = 0.403(0.188 ∼ 0.864)] were significantly related to the prognosis of GIC. Conclusion: There is a complex relationship between obesity and TyG with GIC. Certain indexes may be utilized to assist patients in developing suitable prevention and lifestyle strategies.

High-throughput sequencing reveals the change of TCR α chain CDR3 with Takayasu arteritis.

OBJECTIVE: Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is an inflammatory disease of blood vessels, and its pathogenesis is not clear at present. In this study, we explored the immunological characteristics of T cell receptor (TCR) α-chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) in patients with TAK. METHODS: Five untreated patients with TAK were collected from June 2019 to December 2019. Four healthy blood samples were matched as the control group. The blood mononuclear cells were separated, and RNA was extracted for reverse transcription to obtain complementary DNA. Then high-throughput sequencing was performed. The quality of samples was evaluated by principal component analysis. We compared the diversity and expression of TCR α-chain between TAK group and control group. R software was used for statistical analysis and drawing, and Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the differences between the two groups. RESULTS: The results showed that there was a significant difference in the diversity of TCR α-chain CDR3 between the two groups. Three V region genes expression significantly higher in the TAK patients than in the control group. A total of 196 VJ rearrangement genes are significantly different between the two groups, of which 149 rearrangement genes in the TAK group are lower than those in the control group, and 47 rearrangement genes in the TAK group are higher than those in the control group. CONCLUSION: Patients with TAK have a unique TCR α-chain CDR3 library. These characteristic genes may be a marker for early diagnosis and provide a new theoretical basis for treating TAK.

Associations of mixed urinary metals exposure with metabolic syndrome in the US adult population.

BACKGROUND: Metals are harmful to human health in many ways. However, the association between metals and metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains unclear. Aims of this study is to discuss the relationship between urinary metal and MetS. METHODS: This study included 3419 adult participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2005-2018). Logistic regression analysis, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), weighted quantile sum (WQS), and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were used to explore the associations of nine urinary metal and MetS. RESULTS: BKMR and WQS showed the effects of combined nine urinary metal were negatively correlated with MetS. Logistic regression analysis, WQS, and BKMR all suggested that cesium (Cs) and lead (Pb) were negatively correlated with MetS (all PFDCR <0.05). And RCS suggested log2-transformed Cs (χ2 = 20, P < 0.001) and log2-transformed Pb (χ2 = 19.9, P < 0.001) were negatively and linearly associated with MetS. CONCLUSION: Existing evidence suggests that urine metal content is related to MetS. Cs and Pb are negatively related to MetS. It is still necessary to study and further discuss the causal relationship and mechanism.

Association between mixed urinary metal exposure and liver function: analysis of NHANES data.

Metals have been reported to affect liver functions; however, the association between mixed metal exposure in the urine and liver functions remains unclear. The present study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) program collected in 2005-2018. Weighted multiple linear regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to explore the relationship between mixed urinary metal contents and liver function tests (LFTs). A total of 8158 participants were analyzed in this study. Multiple methods suggested that cadmium (Cd) was significantly positively related to LFTs, while cobalt (Co) was negatively related to LFTs. Meanwhile, some other metals showed a significant relationship with some indicators of LFTs. Urine metal is related to LFTs, with Cd and Co content changes being closely related to LFTs. The metal in urine may represent a marker for predicting liver dysfunction. Further studies are needed to verify this hypothesis.

Risk factors of pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk factors of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) related to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) through systematic reviews and meta-analyses. METHODS: We undertook electronic search strategies using Medline via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library up to April 11, 2023. Study selection and data extraction were performed by 2 authors independently. We made risk of bias judgments based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the overall effect sizes of potential risk factors for PAH in SLE patients. Univariate and multivariate meta-regression models were used to assess the independent effects of each risk factor on PAH. Sensitivity analyses were also conducted to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS: A total of 19 articles were included in this meta-analysis, and the results showed that gender (female) [RR = 1.04, 95% CI (1.02, 1.06), p = .0001], interstitial lung disease [RR = 4.36, 95% CI (2.42, 7.85), p = .0001], alopecia [RR = 1.39, 95% CI (1.06, 1.83), p = .017], Raynaud's phenomenon [RR = 1.83, 95% CI (1.41, 2.37), p = .0001], systemic hypertension [RR = 1.30, 95% CI (1.07, 1.58), p = .007], serositis [RR = 2.29, 95% CI (1.89, 2.77), p = .0001], pericardial effusion [RR = 3.33, 95% CI (2.20, 5.05), p = .0001], anti-RNP [RR = 1.86, 95% CI (1.19, 2.91), p = .006], anti-SSA [RR = 1.28, 95% CI (1.01, 1.62), p = .041], anti-SSB [RR = 1.38, 95% CI (1.19, 1.60), p = .0001], anti-U1RNP [RR = 1.58, 95% CI (1.07, 2.34), p = .023], thrombocytopenia [RR = 1.38, 95% CI (1.14, 1.68), p = .001], and current smokers [RR = 2.20, 95% CI (1.19, 4.06), p = .012] were all risk factors for PAH related to SLE. CONCLUSION: PAH is a serious complication of SLE. Since prognosis of SLE patients after the occurrence of PAH is poor, routine examination should be conducted for SLE patients with PAH risk factors.

Non-coding RNAs and gastrointestinal cancers prognosis: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies.

Aim: Provide an overview and a systematic evaluation of the evidence quality on the association between non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and prognosis value for gastrointestinal cancers (GICs). Methods: We searched the literature from three electronic databases: Pubmed, Embase, and Web of science, then carefully screened and extracted the primary information and results from the included articles. We use A measurable systematic review and meta-analysis evaluation tool (AMSTAR2) to evaluate the quality of methodology and then use the Grading of Recommendations Assessment 2, Development and Evaluation guideline (GRADE) make sure the reliability of the meta-analysis. Results: Overall, 182 meta-analyses from 58 studies were included in this study. Most of these studies are of low or very low quality. Using the scoring tool, we found that only two meta-analyses were rated as high reliability, and 17 meta-analyses were rated as medium reliability. Conclusions: Although ncRNA has good prognostic value in some studies, only a tiny amount of evidence is highly credible at present. More research is needed in the future. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022382296.

Efficacy and safety of anlotinib as a third-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Anlotinib is a novel multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which has been indicated to inhibit both tumor angiogenesis and signal transduction pathways associated with proliferation. The main proposed mechanism of anlotinib inhibiting tumor angiogenesis is that anlotinib inhibits the activation of VEGFR2, PDGFRß and FGFR1, and downstream ERK signal transduction. The aim of the present study was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of third-line treatment with anlotinib for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To meet this aim, studies published up to February 2022 were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and several Chinese databases. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included and a metaanalysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. A total of 18 RCTs were identified and included in the present study, comprising 1,658 patients. The anlotinib treatment group was indicated to be better than the control group at prolonging progression-free survival [hazard ratio (HR), 0.33; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.28-0.37] and overall survival (HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.60-0.81). Anlotinib also provided a significant improvement in the disease control rate [risk ratio (RR), 1.51; 95% CI, 1.27-1.79], objective response rate (1.75, 95% CI, 1.51-2.03) and Karnofsky performance status (mean difference, 9.85; 95% CI, 6.26-13.43). Compared with the control group, the incidence of adverse events (AEs), such as hypertension and hemoptysis, was increased by anlotinib. Through subgroup analysis, it was determined that, compared with the placebo, the incidence of AEs was increased by anlotinib, although compared with other therapeutic drugs, no significant differences were observed. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that the thirdline treatment of advanced NSCLC with anlotinib is more effective compared with other control measures and that the AEs are also controllable. However, given the limitations of the quantity and the quality of the included studies, further studies are required to gain a more complete understanding of the effects of anlotinib.

An effective dual sensor for Cu2+ and Zn2+ with long-wavelength fluorescence in aqueous media based on biphenylacrylonitrile Schiff-base.

Although some sensors for Cu2+ and Zn2+ had been reported, the sensor with long-wavelength emission in aqueous media for in-situ detecting Cu2+ and Zn2+ was always expected. Herein, a biphenylacrylonitrile Schiff-base (OPBS) with large aromatic conjugated system was designed and synthesized in yield of 82%. OPBS possessed excellent long-wavelength fluorescence at 550-750 nm in aqueous media, which selectively response to sense Cu2+ with quenched fluorescence and Zn2+ with chromotropic fluorescence from red to yellow. The detection of Cu2+ and Zn2+ were realized without mutual interference in their coexistence system by means of the assistance of ATP. The detection limits were 2.3 × 10-7 M for Cu2+ and 1.8 × 10-6 M for Zn2+, respectively. The sensing mechanism was elucidated by binding MS spectra, fluorescence Job's plot and 1H NMR spectra. Moreover, OPBS exhibited good bioimaging performance and the in-situ sensing abilities for Cu2+ and Zn2+ in living cells, suggesting the application potential for detecting Cu2+ and Zn2+ in both vitro assay and vivo environment.