Core concomitant symptoms reported by the patients with breast cancer in postoperative endocrine treatment and the demand for acupuncture therapy： a network-based cross-sectional study. / ä¹³è ºç™Œæœ¯åŽå† åˆ†æ³Œæ²»ç–—æ‚£è€ æŠ¥å‘Šçš„æ ¸å¿ƒä¼´éšç—‡çŠ¶åŠå¯¹é’ˆç¸æ²»ç–—çš„éœ€æ±‚ï¼šä¸€é¡¹åŸºäºŽç½‘ç»œçš„æ¨ªæ–­é¢ç ”ç©¶.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the most common concomitant symptoms and the urgent demand of solution in the breast cancer patients undergoing postoperative endocrine treatment, as well as the acceptance and expectation of acupuncture in the patients so as to provide the scientific data for promoting the application of acupuncture in the breast cancer patients. METHODS: Breast cancer patients treated in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from January 2022 to March 2023 were randomly selected as the subjects. Using "questionnaire star" website, the questionnaire was conducted to investigate the relevant concomitant symptoms of the patients in postoperative endocrine treatment and the questions related to acupuncture treatment. RESULTS: In this study, 229 questionnaires were distributed and 211 valid ones were collected, with the response rate of 92.1%. Among these patients, the first three common symptoms were sleep disorders (157 cases, 74.4%), hot flashes (138 cases, 65.4%) and joint / muscle pain (118 cases, 55.9%)；the top three symptoms to be solved the most urgently were sleep disorders (131 cases, 62.1%), joint / muscle pain (62 cases, 29.4%) and hot flashes (45 cases, 21.3%). 79.1% of the patients (167 cases) were willing to receive acupuncture treatment because of the high expectations on its potential effect (93%). 20.9% of them (44 cases) refused acupuncture because they were worried not to be treated by the experienced physicians of TCM (52%) or afraid of needling feelings (48%). The average expectation value of acupuncture treatment was 4.02 points (5 points for the total score) among patients willing to receive acupuncture treatment. The main purposes of receiring acupuncture for the patients undergoing endocrine treatment were to strengthen the immune function (92%), reduce the adverse reactions (83%), and improve the physical condition (75%), et al. CONCLUSIONS: Sleep disorder is one of the most concerned symptoms in endocrine treatment for the patients after breast cancer surgery. The patients highly expect for acupuncture treatment even though some patients dislike the needling sensation. How to provide the acceptable and high-quality acupuncture services for cancer patients will be one of the major directions of acupuncture research in the future.

Tumour cell-derived serglycin promotes IL-8 secretion of CAFs in gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs)-derived IL-8 plays important roles in chemoresistance, immunosuppression, and lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying IL-8 production in CAFs remains unclear. METHODS: DNA pulldown assay was performed to identify the transcription factors responsible for IL-8 expression in CAFs, which was further verified using CHIP-qPCR and DNA agarose gel electrophoresis assays. The cellular localisation of IL-8 was analysed using multiplex immunofluorescence (MxIF). RESULTS: MxIF demonstrated that IL-8 was mainly produced by CAFs in gastric cancer. Lysine[K]-specific demethylase 5B (KDM5B) was identified as an IL-8 transcription factor in CAFs, and the binding of KDM5B to phosphorylated RB1 limited the transcriptional regulation of IL-8 in gastric cancer cells. Serglycin (SRGN) secreted by tumour cells activated the CD44/c-Myc pathway to upregulate KDM5B expression, thereby promoting IL-8 production in CAFs. Furthermore, tumour-associated neutrophils (TANs)-derived regenerating family member 4 (REG4) upregulates SRGN expression by activating cAMP-responsive element binding protein 1 (CREB1) in gastric cancer cells. Thus, the SRGN-IL-8-TANs-SRGN loop, which facilitates tumour progression, has been explored in gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed the mechanisms of the preferential production of IL-8 by CAFs in gastric cancer, and paves the way for potential new therapeutic strategies for gastric cancer.

REEP3 is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker correlated with immune infiltration in pancreatic cancer.

Receptor Expression-Enhancing Protein 3 (REEP3) serves as a pivotal enzyme crucial for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) clearance during mitosis and is implicated in the advancement of diverse malignancies. Nonetheless, the biological role and mechanisms of REEP3 in pancreatic cancer patients, along with its interplay with immune infiltration, remain inadequately elucidated. In this study, we initially analyzed the differential expression of REEP3 between pancreatic cancer tissues and normal pancreas tissues using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), GTEx and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Subsequently, we utilized Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox regression and ROC curve to determine the predictive value of REEP3 for the clinical outcomes of pancreatic cancer patients. Functional enrichment analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), were conducted to explore the potential signaling pathways and biological functions associated with pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, we investigated the PPI network, miRNA, RBP and transcription factor interactions of REEP3 using databases such as GeneMania, STRING, StarBase, KnockTK, ENCODE, Jaspar and hTFtarget. Lastly, the "ssGSEA" algorithm and TIMER database were employed to investigate the correlation between REEP3 expression and immune infiltration as well as immune checkpoints. The expression of REEP3 in pancreatic cancer showed a significantly higher level compared to that in normal tissues. ROC curve analysis indicated that REEP3 holds substantial diagnostic potential for pancreatic cancer patients. Elevated REEP3 expression correlated with unfavorable outcomes in terms of both overall survival and relapse-free survival, establishing it as a notable adverse prognostic marker in pancreatic cancer. Moreover, both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses demonstrated that REEP3 maintained an independent association with overall survival. Functional enrichment analyses revealed pathways significantly linked to REEP3, including cytoplasmic translation, wound healing, viral processes, regulation of cellular component size and actin filament organization. Additionally, REEP3 expression displayed a significant positive correlation with CD8+ T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. REEP3 is a potential diagnostic, prognostic marker and immunotherapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.

A Fe(III) intercalated clay nanoplatform for combined chemo/chemodynamic therapy.

A Fe(III) intercalated montmorillonite nanoplatform (Fe-MMT) was engineered for doxorubicin (DOX) loading. The constructed Fe-MMT/DOX nanoplatform could not only improve the production of H2O2 to enhance chemodynamic therapy but interfere with DNA damage repair to amplify the efficacy of DOX, proving an ideal combination of chemotherapy and chemodynamic therapy.

High quality repair of osteochondral defects in rats using the extracellular matrix of antler stem cells.

BACKGROUND: Cartilage defects are some of the most common causes of arthritis. Cartilage lesions caused by inflammation, trauma or degenerative disease normally result in osteochondral defects. Previous studies have shown that decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from autologous, allogenic, or xenogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can effectively restore osteochondral integrity. AIM: To determine whether the decellularized ECM of antler reserve mesenchymal cells (RMCs), a xenogeneic material from antler stem cells, is superior to the currently available treatments for osteochondral defects. METHODS: We isolated the RMCs from a 60-d-old sika deer antler and cultured them in vitro to 70% confluence; 50 mg/mL L-ascorbic acid was then added to the medium to stimulate ECM deposition. Decellularized sheets of adipocyte-derived MSCs (aMSCs) and antlerogenic periosteal cells (another type of antler stem cells) were used as the controls. Three weeks after ascorbic acid stimulation, the ECM sheets were harvested and applied to the osteochondral defects in rat knee joints. RESULTS: The defects were successfully repaired by applying the ECM-sheets. The highest quality of repair was achieved in the RMC-ECM group both in vitro (including cell attachment and proliferation), and in vivo (including the simultaneous regeneration of well-vascularized subchondral bone and avascular articular hyaline cartilage integrated with surrounding native tissues). Notably, the antler-stem-cell-derived ECM (xenogeneic) performed better than the aMSC-ECM (allogenic), while the ECM of the active antler stem cells was superior to that of the quiescent antler stem cells. CONCLUSION: Decellularized xenogeneic ECM derived from the antler stem cell, particularly the active form (RMC-ECM), can achieve high quality repair/reconstruction of osteochondral defects, suggesting that selection of decellularized ECM for such repair should be focused more on bioactivity rather than kinship.

A novel n-UV convertible colour-tunable emitting oxynitride phosphor: Realization based on Ce3+ -Tb3+ energy transfer.

In the present work, a novel n-UV convertible colour-tunable emitting phosphor was obtained based on the efficient Ce3+ -Tb3+ energy transfer in the Y10 Al2 Si3 O18 N4 host. By properly controlling the ratio of Ce3+ /Tb3+ , the colour hue of the obtained powder covered the blue and green regions, under excitation of 365 nm. The steady-state and dynamic-state luminescence measurement was performed to shed light on the related mechanism, which was justified by the electronic dipole-quadrupole dominating the related energy transfer process. Preliminary studies showed that Y10 Al2 Si3 O18 N4 :Ce3+ ,Tb3+ can be promising as an inorganic phosphor for white LED applications.

Diagnostic Potential of Complementation of MRI to Prenatal Ultrasound for Detecting Orofacial Clefts in High-Risk Fetuses: A Network Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the complementation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to prenatal ultrasound (US) with prenatal US alone in detecting orofacial clefts in high-risk fetuses. DESIGN: A network meta-analysis. SETTING: Literature retrieval in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library, and meta-analysis based on STATA 14.0. PATIENTS: Fetuses were at high-risk for orofacial clefts. INTERVENTIONS: Prenatal US and the complementation of MRI to prenatal US. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS: Thirteen studies involving 776 patients were included. Direct meta-analysis showed that the complementation of MRI to prenatal US did not differ from prenatal US in detecting orofacial clefts if the type of orofacial clefts was not distinguished. Subgroup analysis showed that the specificity of prenatal US for the detection of isolated cleft palate (CP) was lower than that of the complementation of MRI to prenatal US. Furthermore, network meta-analysis consistently suggested a comparable diagnostic value between prenatal US and the complementation of MRI to prenatal US. Moreover, subgroup analysis showed that the specificity of prenatal US was significantly lower than that of complementation of MRI to prenatal US for the detection of isolated CP. CONCLUSIONS: MRI is more accurate than ultrasound in detecting cleft palate. Therefore, MRI should be offered if there is a fetus with a possible or ultrasound diagnosis of cleft palate, especially if the evaluation of cleft palate is deemed unsatisfactory after careful evaluation of the images.

Synthesis of Chiral Diarylmethylamides via Catalytic Asymmetric Aza-Michael Addition of Amides to ortho-Quinomethanes.

Chiral diarylmethylamides are a privileged skeleton in many bioactive molecules. However, the enantioselective synthesis of such molecules remains a long-standing challenge in organic synthesis. Herein, we report a chiral bifunctional squaramide catalyzed asymmetric aza-Michael addition of amides to in situ generated ortho-quinomethanes, affording enantioenriched diarylmethylamides in good yields with excellent enantioselectivities. This work not only provides a new strategy for the construction of the diarylmethylamides but also represents the practicability of amides as nitrogen-nucleophiles in asymmetric organocatalysis.

Diastereo- and Enantioselective Synthesis of Eight-Membered N-Heterocycles from Benzofuran-Derived Azadienes and Ynones.

Enantioselective synthesis of eight-membered N-heterocycles represents a long-standing challenge in organic synthesis. Here, by combining the squaramide and DBU catalysis, a sequential asymmetric conjugate addition/cyclization reaction between benzofuran-derived azadienes and ynones has been well-developed, providing straightforward access to chiral eight-membered N-heterocycles in high yields with stereoselectivities. This protocol features the use of a bifunctional squaramide catalyst for controlling the enantioselectivity of products, while the DBU is utilized to achieve intramolecular cyclization and improve the diastereoselectivity of products.

Circulating biomarkers of airflow limitation across the life span.

BACKGROUND: Airflow limitation is a hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which can develop through different lung function trajectories across the life span. There is a need for longitudinal studies aimed at identifying circulating biomarkers of airflow limitation across different stages of life. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to identify a signature of serum proteins associated with airflow limitation and evaluate their relation to lung function longitudinally in adults and children. METHODS: This study used data from 3 adult cohorts (TESAOD [Tucson Epidemiological Study of Airway Obstructive Disease], SAPALDIA [Swiss Cohort Study on Air Pollution and Lung and Heart Diseases in Adults], LSC [Lovelace Smoker Cohort]) and 1 birth cohort (TCRS [Tucson Children's Respiratory Study]) (N = 1940). In TESAOD, among 46 circulating proteins, we identified those associated with FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) percent (%) predicted levels and generated a score based on the sum of their z-scores. Cross-sectional analyses were used to test the score for association with concomitant lung function. Longitudinal analyses were used to test the score for association with subsequent lung function growth in childhood and decline in adult life. RESULTS: After false discovery rate adjustment, serum levels of 5 proteins (HP, carcinoembryonic antigen, ICAM1, CRP, TIMP1) were associated with percent predicted levels of FEV1/FVC and FEV1 in TESAOD. In cross-sectional multivariate analyses the 5-biomarker score was associated with FEV1 % predicted in all adult cohorts (meta-analyzed FEV1 decrease for 1-SD score increase: -2.9%; 95% CI: -3.9%, -1.9%; P = 2.4 × 10-16). In multivariate longitudinal analyses, the biomarker score at 6 years of age was inversely associated with FEV1 and FEV1/FVC levels attained by young adult life (P = .02 and .005, respectively). In adults, persistently high levels of the biomarker score were associated with subsequent accelerated decline of FEV1 and FEV1/FVC (P = .01 and .001). CONCLUSIONS: A signature of 5 circulating biomarkers of airflow limitation was associated with both impaired lung function growth in childhood and accelerated lung function decline in adult life, indicating that these proteins may be involved in multiple lung function trajectories leading to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Acetylshikonin induces apoptosis through the endoplasmic reticulum stress-activated PERK/eIF2α /CHOP axis in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Acetylshikonin (AS) is an active component of Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc that exhibits activity against various cancers; however, the underlying mechanisms of AS against oesophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC) need to be elusive. The research explores the anti-cancer role and potential mechanism of AS on ESCC in vitro and in vivo, providing evidences for AS treatment against ESCC. In this study, we firstly demonstrated that AS treatment effectively inhibits cell viability and proliferation of ESCC cells. In addition, AS significantly induces G1/S phage arrest and promotes apoptosis in ESCC cell lines. Further studies reveal that AS induces ER stress, as observed by dose- and time-dependently increased expression of BIP, PDI, PERK, phosphorylation of eIF2α , CHOP and splicing of XBP1. CHOP knockdown or PERK inhibition markedly rescue cell apoptosis induced by AS. Moreover, AS treatment significantly inhibits ESCC xenograft growth in nude mice. Elevated expression of BIP and CHOP is also observed in xenograft tumours. Taken together, AS inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis through ER stress-activated PERK/eIF2α /CHOP pathway in ESCC, which indicates AS represents a promising candidate for ESCC treatment.

A modified Blumgart anastomosis with a simple and practicable procedure after laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy: our center's experience.

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(LPD) has become the goal of lots of minimally invasive surgical centers in recent years. Postoperative pancreatic fistula(POPF) is still the barrier to attaining the above goal. Thus, improving anastomosis techniques to reduce the rate of POPF has been a hotspot of surgery. Blumgart pancreaticojejunostomy is considered one of the best anastomosis procedures, with low rates of POPF. However, the original Blumgart pancreaticojejunostomy method is not easy for laparoscopic operation. In consequence, we modified a Blumgart pancreaticojejunostomy technique with a simple and practicable procedure and applied to LPD. METHODS: We collected and retrospectively analyzed the perioperative clinical data of patients who underwent modified Blumgart anastomosis from February 2017 to September 2022. The above patients included 53 cases in open pancreaticojejunostomy(OPD) and 58 cases in LPD. After propensity score matching, 44 cases were included for comparison in each group. RESULTS: After propensity score matching, the average time for pancreaticojejunostomy was about 30 min in the LPD group. The Clinically relevant POPF(CR-POPF) rate was 9.1%. The length of postoperative hospitalization was 13.1 days. Compared with the OPD group, The CR-POPF rate in the LPD group are not significant differences. But the postoperative length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in the LPD group. Besides, there were no other severely postoperative complications between two groups. CONCLUSION: The modified Blumgart anastomosis technique applied to LPD in our Center not only has simple and convenient properties but also low rate of CR-POPF. And this method may be a good choice for surgeons to begin to carry out LPD.

Identification and validation of molecular subtypes' characteristics in bladder urothelial carcinoma based on autophagy-dependent ferroptosis.

Background: Nowadays, more evidences indicated that autophagy-dependent ferroptosis regulatory molecules (ADFRMs) may be closely related to various tumors. In current study, we intended to establish a prognostic ADFRMs signature and investigated its potential roles in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA). Methods: Two distinct clusters were determined by consensus clustering with expression of 119 identified ADFRMs in BLCA. The tumor microenvironment was investigated through "CIBERSORT" algorithm, and enrichment analyses were utilized to seek molecular characteristics of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between clusters. Moreover, a 2-ADFRMs prognostic signature including TRIB3 and WIPI1 was identified in TCGA cohort and further evaluated in the GSE13507 cohort. The qRT-PCR was conducted to examine the expression of prognostic genes. Further, the risk score was gained through calculating the level of TRIB3 and WIPI1 expression through the coefficient. The correlations between risk score with clinicopathologica features, tumor microenvironment, and drug sensitivity were explored. Results: Patients in TCGA-BLCA were grouped into two clusters with different expression patterns of ADFRMs. And the overall survival, tumor microenvironment and biological functions were significant different between two clusters. Moreover, a 2-ADFRMs model was constructed, and patients were separated into a low-risk and high-risk group. Survival analysis indicated patients with low risk promised a good prognosis, suggesting the risk score determined with ADFRMs signature exhibited an acceptable capacity for survival prediction in BLCA. Correlation analysis demonstrated risk score had close ties with age, stage, and tumor microenvironment. In vivo, the expression of prognostic genes was identified to be up-regulated in BLCA cell line T24. Conclusion: The constructed 2-ADFRMs signature was a promising model to predict prognosis and correlated with tumor microenvironment, which had latent clinical value in the intervention for BLCA.

Artificial intelligence-aided diagnosis and treatment in the field of optometry.

With the rapid development of computer technology, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) to ophthalmology has gained prominence in modern medicine. As modern optometry is closely related to ophthalmology, AI research on optometry has also increased. This review summarizes current AI research and technologies used for diagnosis in optometry, related to myopia, strabismus, amblyopia, optical glasses, contact lenses, and other aspects. The aim is to identify mature AI models that are suitable for research on optometry and potential algorithms that may be used in future clinical practice.

Effect of a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib on bFGF and VEGF concentrations in a rabbit retinal vein occlusion model.

AIM: To evaluate whether a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib could inhibit basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) simultaneously for retinal vascular disease in vivo. METHODS: After a laser induced rabbit retinal vein occlusion (RVO) model was made, 0.5 mg of nintedanib was injected intravitreally in the left eye on the third day while the right eye was as a control. Intracameral samples were taken on the day before laser treatment and days 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 after treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to test the bFGF and VEGF-A concentrations in the aqueous humor. RESULTS: Both bFGF and VEGF-A rose significantly on the third day after laser treatment in both eyes. In the control eye the bFGF concentration peaked on the 14th day while the VEGF-A concentration dropped rapidly soon after the third day. After nintadanib injection in the study eye, both bFGF and VEGF-A showed a significant reduction on the 4th day (7th day after laser treatment) when compared to the control eye, and kept on low level in the following several weeks. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection of nintedanib can inhibit the expression of bFGF and VEGF in the process of RVO model to a certain extent, which is expected to become a new method for the treatment of retinal vascular diseases or fibrotic diseases.

Efficacy and safety of Runzao Zhiyang capsule for chronic urticaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Chronic urticaria (CU) is a commonly seen skin disorder featured by recurring wheals, with or without angioedema, lasting for at least 6 weeks. Runzao Zhiyang capsule (RZC) has been widely applied to treat patients with CU. This study is aimed at systematically evaluating the efficacy and safety of RZC in treating CU. Materials and Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of RZC on treating CU from Chinese and English databases were searched. Data were collected by two independent researchers. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was adopted for evaluating the risk of bias. The meta-analysis was performed with Review Manager 5.3 software. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias assessment were conducted by Stata 14.0 software. Results: Totally 27 studies were included in the analysis, involving 2,703 patients. The pooled results showed that compared with second-generation H1-antihistamines (sgAHs) therapy alone, RZC combined with sgAHs is more effective in improving the total effective rate (RR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.25 to 1.39, p < 0.00001), the quality of life measured by Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) (MD = -2.63, 95% CI: -3.68 to -1.58, p < 0.00001) and the serum IFN-γ level (SMD = 3.10, 95% CI: 1.58 to 4.62, p < 0.0001), and reducing the recurrence rate (RR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.27 to 0.55, p < 0.00001), the serum total IgE level (SMD = -2.44, 95% CI: -3.51 to -1.38, p < 0.00001), the serum IL-4 level (SMD = -2.96, 95% CI: -4.10 to -1.83, p < 0.00001), and the incidence of adverse events including dizziness, fatigue, dry mouth, and constipation (RR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.33 to 0.85, p = 0.009; RR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.26 to 0.84, p = 0.01; RR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.34 to 0.95, p = 0.03; RR = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.85, p = 0.03). Conclusion: The current evidence indicates that RZC may be an efficient therapeutic regimen in patients with CU. Nevertheless, owing to the suboptimal quality of the included studies, more large-scale, well-designed RCTs are required to verify the obtained findings. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/; Identifier: CRD42022313177.

How general functioning of family affects gambling-related beliefs: the mediating role of communication and the moderating role of impulsivity trait.

Background: Gambling behaviors can be exhibited by individuals raised in families with impaired parent-child communication and individuals with more impulsive traits. However, it remains unclear how gambling-related beliefs are modulated by impulsivity traits and parent-child communication styles. Methods: A total of 95 adult patients (age ≥ 18 years) diagnosed via DSM-5 criteria with gambling disorder (GD) completed our questionnaire. Participants filled out pen-and-paper questionnaires that included basic demographic information, the Family Assessment Device (FAD), Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale (PACS), Gambling Attitude and Belief Survey (GABS), and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS). We used a moderation mediation model to explore the relationship between variables. The study results were considered statistically significant if p < 0.05, or the 95% confidence interval did not contain zero. Results: The scores of the problems in communication with mother subscale (PCMS) of PACS were significantly positively correlated with the scores of GABS and the general functioning 12-item subscale (GF12) of FAD. The relationship between the scores of GF12 and GABS was completely mediated [ß = 4.83, (1.12, 10.02)] by PCMS scores, and the BIS scores moderated this relationship: the predictive path between GF12 and PCMS scores [index of moderated was ß = -0.25, (-0.60, -0.04)], and the indirect predictive front path between the scores of GF12 and GABS were significant only in subjects with low BIS scores. Conclusion: These findings suggest that poor general functioning of the family may increase gambling-related beliefs as a result of communication problems with mothers, and this result is only significant for individuals with low impulsivity. When treating patients with GD, more treatment of mother-child communication issues and individual impulsivity may be more conducive to their recovery.

RARRES2 regulates lipid metabolic reprogramming to mediate the development of brain metastasis in triple negative breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, is characterized by a high incidence of brain metastasis (BrM) and a poor prognosis. As the most lethal form of breast cancer, BrM remains a major clinical challenge due to its rising incidence and lack of effective treatment strategies. Recent evidence suggested a potential role of lipid metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBrM), but the underlying mechanisms are far from being fully elucidated. METHODS: Through analysis of BCBrM transcriptome data from mice and patients, and immunohistochemical validation on patient tissues, we identified and verified the specific down-regulation of retinoic acid receptor responder 2 (RARRES2), a multifunctional adipokine and chemokine, in BrM of TNBC. We investigated the effect of aberrant RARRES2 expression of BrM in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Key signaling pathway components were evaluated using multi-omics approaches. Lipidomics were performed to elucidate the regulation of lipid metabolic reprogramming of RARRES2. RESULTS: We found that down-regulation of RARRES2 is specifically associated with BCBrM, and that RARRES2 deficiency promoted BCBrM through lipid metabolic reprogramming. Mechanistically, reduced expression of RARRES2 in brain metastatic potential TNBC cells resulted in increased levels of glycerophospholipid and decreased levels of triacylglycerols by regulating phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) signaling pathway to facilitate the survival of breast cancer cells in the unique brain microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS: Our work uncovers an essential role of RARRES2 in linking lipid metabolic reprogramming and the development of BrM. RARRES2-dependent metabolic functions may serve as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for BCBrM.

Circulating CC16 and Asthma: A Population-based, Multicohort Study from Early Childhood through Adult Life.

Rationale: Club cell secretory protein (CC16) is an antiinflammatory protein highly expressed in the airways. CC16 deficiency has been associated with lung function deficits, but its role in asthma has not been established conclusively. Objectives: To determine 1) the longitudinal association of circulating CC16 with the presence of active asthma from early childhood through adult life and 2) whether CC16 in early childhood predicts the clinical course of childhood asthma into adult life. Methods: We assessed the association of circulating CC16 and asthma in three population-based birth cohorts: the Tucson Children's Respiratory Study (years 6-36; total participants, 814; total observations, 3,042), the Swedish Barn/Children, Allergy, Milieu, Stockholm, Epidemiological survey (years 8-24; total participants, 2,547; total observations, 3,438), and the UK Manchester Asthma and Allergy Study (years 5-18; total participants, 745; total observations, 1,626). Among 233 children who had asthma at the first survey in any of the cohorts, baseline CC16 was also tested for association with persistence of symptoms. Measurements and Main Results: After adjusting for covariates, CC16 deficits were associated with increased risk for the presence of asthma in all cohorts (meta-analyzed adjusted odds ratio per 1-SD CC16 decrease, 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-1.28; P < 0.0001). The association was particularly strong for asthma with frequent symptoms (meta-analyzed adjusted relative risk ratio, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.24-1.57; P < 0.0001), was confirmed for both atopic and nonatopic asthma, and was independent of lung function impairment. After adjustment for known predictors of persistent asthma, children with asthma in the lowest CC16 tertile had a nearly fourfold increased risk for having frequent symptoms persisting into adult life compared with children with asthma in the other two CC16 tertiles (meta-analyzed adjusted odds ratio, 3.72; 95% CI, 1.78-7.76; P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Circulating CC16 deficits are associated with the presence of asthma with frequent symptoms from childhood through midadult life and predict the persistence of asthma symptoms into adulthood. These findings support a possible protective role of CC16 in asthma and its potential use for risk stratification.

Efficacy and safety of early versus delayed reconstruction for anterior cruciate ligament injuries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To critically evaluate the efficacy and safety of early versus delayed anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries based on the different cut-off values of the timing of operation. METHODS: PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature, and Wanfang Digital Periodical database were searched from inception to November 2022 without language restrictions. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies (CSs) comparing early ACLR with delayed ACLR for ACL injuries were included. RESULTS: Twenty-four studies (10 RCTs and 14 CSs) were included. According to the information from included studies, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after ACL injuries were considered as the cut-off values of early and delayed ACLR. When 4 weeks were considered as the cut-off value, early ACLR could significantly improve Lysholm score, IKDC score and VAS score at 6 and 12 months postoperatively and decrease the incidence of adverse events compared with delayed ACLR (P < 0.05). However, no statistically significant difference in positive rate of Lachman test and incidence of meniscus injuries and chondral lesions between the two groups when 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 months or 12 months after ACL injuries were considered as the cut-off values of early and delayed ACLR (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that early ACLR, especially conducted within 3-4 weeks after ACL injuries, may be more effective for improving knee function and relieving pain compared with delayed ACLR. More high-quality RCTs are warranted.