A polysaccharide PRCP from Rosa cymosa Tratt fruit: Structural characteristics and immunomodulatory effects via MAPK pathway modulation in vitro.

The Rosa cymosa Tratt, an herbal plant from the Rosaceae family, has historically been valued in China for its medicinal and edible properties. In this study, a novel polysaccharide from R. cymosa fruit, termed PRCP (purified R. cymosa polysaccharide), was isolated using water extraction, decolorization, deproteinization, and ion-exchange chromatography. The structural characteristics of PRCP were investigated using monosaccharide composition analysis, methylation, GPC, FTIR, CD, and NMR spectroscopy. The immunomodulatory effect and potential mechanism of PRCP were evaluated in vitro using a macrophage cell model. Results indicated that PRCP (37.28 kDa) is a highly branched polysaccharide (72.61 %) primarily composed of arabinogalactan, rhamnogalacturonan, and galactoglucan domains with 13 types of glycosidic linkage fragments. Furthermore, PRCP appears to modulate immunomodulatory effects by influencing the phosphorylation of P38 and JNK proteins in the MAPK pathway. Collectively, these findings highlight the potential of PRCP as a promising natural functional food ingredient for immunostimulation.

Study on the material basis and mechanism of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni on sleep-improvement using Drosophila activity monitoring, metabolomic, targeted screening and transcriptomic.

Daylily (Hemerocallis citrina Baroni, HC) is an edible plant and is traditionally considered with potential to improve sleep. Herein, based on the Drosophila activity monitoring, metabolome, targeted screening and transcriptome, the material basis and mechanism of HC on sleep-improvement was investigated. The results showed that the aqueous extracts of HC (HAE) as well as the ethanol extracts (HEE) all prolonged the total sleep time of insomnia fruit flies, especially HEE-60 and HEE-95 exhibited more significant effects. In addition, 539 of 728 found metabolites were screened as potential sleep-improved metabolites, and quercetin, linoleic acid, phenethyl caffeate, L-methionine and γ-aminobutyric acid were considered as core active metabolites. Meanwhile, 368 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were revealed by transcriptomics analysis, and the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction was deduced as the main pathway by KEGG pathway enrichment. Furthermore, nine DEGs located in this pathway, namely betaTry, deltaTry, gammaTry, epsilonTry, etaTry, iotaTry, lambdaTry, kappaTry and CG30031 were proven being up-regulated. All these results contribute to the development of HC-related functional foods.

Sound touch elastography of Achilles tendons in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus versus healthy adults.

BACKGROUND: The studies of the effect of diabetes on the stiffness of Achilles tendon (AT) tissue remain inconclusive, we believe it is necessary to find a reliable method which can be used to detect the stiffness changes of the AT in the diabetic state. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of sound touch elastography (STE) as a tool for detecting diabetic Achilles tendinopathy. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 180 participants, consisting of 82 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 98 healthy adults, who had undergone AT ultrasonography. Young 's modulus (E) values of the distal, middle, and proximal segments of bilateral ATs of all participants were measured using STE technique. The E values of each AT segment between the case and control group were compared. RESULTS: The E values of the three segments of ATs in T2DM patients were lower than the healthy controls (P < 0.05). In both groups, the E values of the distal segments were lower than those of the middle segments, and the latter were lower than those of the proximal segments (P < 0.05). The E value of each segment of AT was inversely related to FPG, HbA1c, and diabetes duration (P < 0.05). The best cut-off points for the E values of the three segments of the AT for detecting diabetic tendinopathy were 347.44 kPa (AUC, 0.779), 441.57 kPa (AUC, 0.692), and 484.35 kPa (AUC, 0.676), respectively. CONCLUSION: STE can be used as a complementary diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of diabetic Achilles tendinopathy.

Effects and correlation of gross motor intervention on movement and social skills of autistic children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the effects and correlation of gross motor intervention on social skills of autistic children. To provide new ideas for rehabilitation intervention of autistic children s social ability.@*Methods@#Recruiting 23 autistic children through WeChat in Nanchang, randomly divided into experimental groups (n=13) and control group (n=10). The experimental group underwent 6 weeks of large muscle exercise intervention, in the control group, Test of Gross Motor Development 3 (TGMD3), Social Responsiveness Scale(SRS) and the Autism Social Skills Scale (ASSS) examined changes in social skills, and analyze the relationship between sports and social ability.@*Results@#TGMD-3 score in the intervention group before intervention was (34.31±9.79) and increased significantly after intervention (59.77±13.92)(t=-15.28, P<0.01). There was no statistical significance before and after experiment in the control group (P>0.05). The scores of SRS and ASSS in the experimental group were (96.77±15.79, 97.31±29.22) before the intervention, and (82.92±15.86, 117.62±24.93) after the intervention, and the differences were statistically significant(t=4.55, -5.61, P<0.01). The difference between the SRS and ASSS scores of the control group before and after experiment was not statistically significant(P>0.05). Both the TGMD-3 score and the object manipulation score were related to the SRS total score (r=-0.49, -0.45) and ASSS total score(r=0.54, 0.51)(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Gross motor intervention can improve the motor and social skills of children with autism, and there is a positive correlation between motor ability and social skills in children with autism.