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1.
J Org Chem ; 88(14): 10242-10251, 2023 Jul 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37432657

RESUMO

Herein, the palladium-catalyzed double C-N coupling of 9H-carbazol-9-amines and 2,2'-dibromo-1,1'-biphenyl is reported. This protocol offers access to N,N'-bicarbazole scaffolds, which have frequently been used as linkers in the construction of functional covalent organic frameworks (COFs). A variety of substituted N,N'-bicarbazoles were synthesized in moderate to high yields based on this chemistry, and the potential application of this method was showcased by the synthesis of COF monomers like tetrabromide 4 and tetraalkynylate 5.

2.
Biomed Environ Sci ; 30(10): 727-736, 2017 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29122093

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Consuming phthalates may be due to the presence of food contact materials, such as plastic containers. In this study, we investigated the association between plastic container use and phthalate exposure in 2,140 Shanghai adults. METHODS: Participants completed a questionnaire on the frequency of using plastic containers in different scenarios in the previous year (e.g., daily, weekly) and on the consumption of plastic-packaged foods in the previous three days (yes or no). Urinary phthalate metabolites were used to assess the association between phthalate exposure and the use of plastic containers. RESULTS: The metabolites of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the most frequently detected in urine. The results revealed that phthalate exposure was associated with consumption of plastic-packaged breakfast or processed food items in the previous three days. The consumption of these two food items had strong synergistic effects on increasing urinary concentrations of most phthalate metabolites. CONCLUSION: Our results of plastic-packaged breakfast and processed food may be explained by the use of flexible plastic containers, indicating the importance of risk assessment for the application of flexible plastic containers.


Assuntos
Ácidos Ftálicos/urina , Plásticos/química , Adulto , China , Cidades , Coleta de Dados , Humanos , Ácidos Ftálicos/metabolismo
3.
Int J Environ Health Res ; 26(3): 306-16, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26608625

RESUMO

Phthalates are ubiquitous environmental pollutants because of the broad use of plastics. We conducted a case-control study to determine whether uterine leiomyomata were related to exposure to phthalates. Urine specimens and questionnaires were collected from 61 cases and 61 age-matched controls. Nine phthalate monoesters were determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectroscopy. Cases had significantly higher levels of creatinine-adjusted mono-iso-butyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate, mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate (MEHHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), total di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites (∑DEHPmet), and total dibutyl phthalate metabolites (∑DBP(met)) than controls. After adjusting for potential confounders, logistic regression analyses demonstrated that leiomyomata were positively associated with MiBP, MnBP, MEHP, MEHHP, MECPP, ∑DEHP(met), and ∑DBP(met). In summary, our data support the hypothesis that uterine leiomyomata are related to phthalate exposure.


Assuntos
Exposição Ambiental , Poluentes Ambientais/urina , Ésteres/urina , Leiomioma/epidemiologia , Ácidos Ftálicos/urina , Neoplasias Uterinas/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Estudos de Casos e Controles , China/epidemiologia , Monitoramento Ambiental , Feminino , Humanos , Leiomioma/induzido quimicamente , Neoplasias Uterinas/induzido quimicamente , Adulto Jovem
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