[Clinical observation of acupoint application of Chinese herbal medicine in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting after orthopaedic surgery under general anesthesia].

OBJECTIVE: To explore clinical effect of acupoint application of Chinese herbal medicine in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting after orthopaedic surgery under general anesthesia. METHODS: From January 2018 to December 2019, 168 patients who met inclusion criteria and were underwent selective spine surgery, were double-blind divided into two groups according to central random system, 84 patients in each group. In control group, there were 39 males and 45 females aged from 30 to 65 years old with an average of (53.83±9.17) years old, 37 patients were classified to typeⅠand 47 patients were typeⅡ according to American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grading. In experiment group, there were 39 males and 45 females aged from 30 to 65 years old with an average of (54.08±9.00) years old; 32 patients were classified to typeⅠand 52 patients were typeⅡ according to ASA grading. Both of two groups were obtained acupoint application before anesthesia induction, and acupoint application were put on Zhongwan (CV 12) and bilateral Neiguan (PC 6) for 6 h, changed after 24 h, last for 2 d. The drug prescription of plasters in experimental group was consist of Rhizome Pinelliae Preparata, Ginger and Clove. The plasters in control group was consistent with drug plasters in experimental group in appearance and smell to the greatest extent. The ingredients were flour and excipients with 10% of experimental drug concentration. Incidence of nausea vomiting, visual analogue scale (VAS) of narusea degree at 24 h and 24 to 48 h after operation between two groups were compared, SF- 12 simple quality of life score before operation, 24 and 48 h after operation were also compared by using R3.6.1 Rstudio software by the third-party. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences in incidence of nausea vomiting, VAS of narusea degree at 24 h after operation (P>0.05), while there were no differences in incidence of nausea vomiting, VAS of narusea degree at 24 to 48 h after operation (P>0.05) . There were no statistical differences in SF-12 before operation, 24 and 48 h after opertaion (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The curative effect of acupoint application of traditional Chinese medicine on the prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting is not obvious.

Exploring the Relationship of Bone Turnover Markers and Bone Mineral Density in Community-Dwelling Postmenopausal Women.

AIMS: To explore the relationships of procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and ß cross-linked C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (ß-CTX) with bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. METHODS: All postmenopausal women were selected from a community-based case-control study. The anteroposterior L1-L4 and left proximal femur BMD were measured. P1NP and ß-CTX were also collected and tested. The main correlation analysis was applied to explore the relationships of BMD, P1NP, and ß-CTX. RESULTS: The total 1055 postmenopausal women were enrolled. The BMD at all sites kept a decrease continually with age (P < 0.01). In addition, the level of ß-CTX increased significantly from 45 to 50 years old and remained at a high level in the later stage, while the level of P1NP changed little or even decreased with age. Logistic regression model showed that ß-CTX has better ability to predict BMD than P1NP, as demonstrated by an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.63. CONCLUSION: P1NP and ß-CTX are important markers to monitor bone metabolism. This trial is registered with ChiCTR-SOC-17013090. The date of registration is Oct. 23, 2017.

The acupoint herbal plaster for the prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting after PLIF with general anesthesia: study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common in posterior lumbar intervertebral fusion (PLIF) patients undergoing general anesthesia. The previous clinical observation has shown that a traditional acupoint herbal plaster (AHP) is beneficial to patients with PONV. This trial aims to assess the effect of the AHP for the prevention and treatment of PONV after PLIF in patients with general anesthesia. METHODS: A multicenter, parallel, randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted. A total of 166 participants will be randomized to either a treatment group receiving an AHP or a control groups receiving an acupoint placebo plaster (APP) in a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcomes are the first occurrence and frequency of nausea and vomiting. The secondary outcomes include the severity grading of nausea and vomiting using a visual analog scale (VAS) measurement system, quality of life, and serological indicators. The safety evaluation is mainly about adverse events and skin reactions' observation. Assessments will be carried out at the baseline, day 1, and day 2 (the end of the intervention). The central randomization system in the clinical trial ( http://124.205.181.142:8082/xwtf/ ) will be used to conduct random allocation. DISCUSSION: This scientific methodology design of the trial is expected to provide clinical evidence to support the AHP for the prevention and treatment of PONV. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study is retrospectively registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( http://www.chictr.org.cn ) on 19 April 2018. ID: ChiCTR1800015768.

Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Community-Based Osteoporosis and Associated Fractures in Beijing: Study Protocol for a Cross-Sectional and Prospective Study.

Background: Osteoporosis (OP) patients are usually asymptomatic until osteoporotic fractures occur, which makes early diagnosis and prevention difficult, and the associated fractures secondary to OP could be preventable with appropriate management. Therefore, early identification and relevant evidence-based management of OP could guide the prevention of subsequent fractures. This study will investigate the prevalence of OP and the incidence of osteoporotic fractures in Beijing community residents to further explore the related risk factors and put forward suggestions for people aged 45-80 years old. Methods: Over 2 years, this study will conduct an OP screening and a prospective follow-up in the Beijing community to investigate the incidence of osteoporotic fractures. The study will undertake bone mineral density detection, collect biological samples, and record information via questionnaires. Discussion: The study aims to investigate the potential risk factors for osteoporosis and explore syndromes from traditional Chinese medicine that are associated with this condition based on large samples from the Beijing community. Data on the incidence of osteoporotic fractures among community dwellers in Beijing over the two-years will be available on the Chinese clinical trial registry: ChiCTR-SOC-17013090.

Evidence of Chinese herbal medicine Duhuo Jisheng decoction for knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review of randomised clinical trials.

OBJECTIVES: Duhuo Jisheng decoction (DJD) is considered beneficial for controlling knee osteoarthritis (KOA)-related symptoms in some Asian countries. This review compiles the evidence from randomised clinical trials and quantifies the effects of DJD on KOA. DESIGNS: 7 online databases were investigated up to 12 October 2015. Randomised clinical trials investigating treatment of KOA for which DJD was used either as a monotherapy or in combination with conventional therapy compared to no intervention, placebo or conventional therapy, were included. The outcomes included the evaluation of functional activities, pain and adverse effect. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. The estimated mean difference (MD) and SMD was within a 95% CI with respect to interstudy heterogeneity. RESULTS: 12 studies with 982 participants were identified. The quality presented a high risk of bias. Meta-analysis found that DJD combined with glucosamine (MD 4.20 (1.72 to 6.69); p<0.001) or DJD plus meloxicam and glucosamine (MD 3.48 (1.59 to 5.37); p<0.001) had a more significant effect in improving Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (total WOMAC scores). Also, meta-analysis presented more remarkable pain improvement when DJD plus sodium hyaluronate injection (MD 0.89 (0.26 to 1.53); p=0.006) was used. These studies demonstrated that active treatment of DJD in combination should be practiced for at least 4 weeks. Information on the safety of DJD or comprehensive therapies was insufficient in few studies. CONCLUSIONS: DJD combined with Western medicine or sodium hyaluronate injection appears to have benefits for KOA. However, the effectiveness and safety of DJD is uncertain because of the limited number of trials and low methodological quality. Therefore, practitioners should be cautious when applying DJD in daily practice. Future clinical trials should be well designed; more research is needed.

The potential effect of Wuqinxi exercise for primary osteoporosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This review aims to assess the effect of Wuqinxi exercise for primary osteoporosis. Literature search was conducted on the seven databases until June 2015. No statistical differences were found between the Wuqinxi versus no intervention, Wuqinxi plus antiosteoporosis medications versus antiosteoporosis medications on lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD). However, Wuqinxi significantly improved lumbar spine BMD compared with antiosteoporosis medications (MD= 0.02g/cm(2); 95% CI: 0.01-0.03; P<0.0001). Wuqinxi plus antiosteoporosis medications had a better effect on femora BMD (MD=0.24g/cm(2); 95% CI: 0.18-0.30; P<0.00001). Additionally, the results showed a remarkable effect in improving pain score when Wuqinxi (MD=0.7; 95% CI: 0.31-1.09; P=0.0004) or Wuqinxi plus antiosteoporosis medications (MD=1.06; 95% CI: 0.57-1.55; P<0.0001) was used. An improvement was also identified in Wuqinxi plus antiosteoporosis medications on bone gla protein. Overall, Wuqinxi monotherapy or combination therapy can improve pain symptom, but the effect on BMD owing to poor study design and execution, inconsistency and imprecision is uncertain. It is recommended to exercise at least for 6 months, 5 times a week for around 30-60 min each time.

Construction and characterization of a camelized, human, VH-based peptide vaccine against CD20 antigen.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to construct and characterize a camelized, human, heavy-chain variable (VH) fragment-based peptide vaccine against CD20 antigen. MATERIALS & METHODS: Camelized, human VH with improved solubility and stability was used as a vaccine scaffold. A CD20 B-cell epitope was introduced into the complementarity determining region 3 of the engineered VH and a measles virus-derived T-helper epitope was grafted into the complementarity determining region 3. The chimeric VH fragment was synthesized in bacteria and purified for immunization of mice. The titers and antigen-binding specificity of the antibody elicited by the chimeric peptide vaccine were assessed in vitro. RESULTS: Notably, the CD20 epitope within the chimeric VH peptide elicited high-titered anti-CD20 antibody. Besides binding to GST-CD20 fusion protein, the antibody was cross-reactive with the native CD20 antigen on Raji cells. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the chimeric VH peptide vaccine consisting of the CD20 epitope can induce the production of the CD20-specific antibody, likely having potential implications in preventing CD20 overexpression cancers.