RESUMO
The formation and structure of a collisional shock wave in a fully ionized plasma is studied via full particle-in-cell simulations, which allows the complex momentum and energy transfer processes between different charged particles to be treated self-consistently. The kinetic energy of the plasma flow drifting towards a reflecting piston is found to be rapidly converted into thermal motion under the cooperative effects of ion-ion collisions, ion-electron collisions, and electric field charged-particle interactions. The subsequent shock evolution is influenced by the "precursor" ion beam before a quasisteady state is reached. The shock wave structure is then analyzed from a two-fluid transport viewpoint, which is found to be affected by "flux-limiting" electron transport, the nonthermal ions, and the charge separation electric field.
RESUMO
AIM: To insert the full-length NS1 gene of influenza A (H1N1) into an eukaryotic expression vector PXJ40-HA, and to evaluate the expression of NS1 gene in transfected 293T cells. METHODS: The NS1 gene of influenza A (H1N1) was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into pMD18-T vector to construct a plasmid, named pMD18-T-NS1.The pMD18-T-NS1 and the PXJ40-HA were both digested using the same restrict enzymes and ligated, yielding the recombinant eukaryotic expression vector PXJ40-HA-NS1. The expression of the NS1 gene in transfected 293T cells was tested by Western blot. RESULTS: The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector PXJ40-HA-NS1 was successfully constructed. The NS1 protein was observed to be expressed in 293T cells. CONCLUSION: The full-length NS1 gene is obtained and its recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid is successfully constructed. This study is of help to further understanding the biological function of NS1 protein and the mechanism of diseases induced by influenza A virus.
