[Expressions of NLRP1 and NLRC4 inflammasomes in prostate cancer and their clinical value].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical value of the inflammasomes NLRP1 and NLRC4 in the diagnosis and treatment of PCa. METHODS: Using immunohistochemical staining, we detected the expressions of the inflammasomes NLRP1 and NLRC4 and the inflammatory cytokines IL-18 and IL-1ß in 54 cases of BPH and 58 cases of PCa treated in Pinghu First People's Hospital from January 2022 to May 2022. We analyzed the characteristics of their expressions in the two groups of patients and the correlation of NLRP1 and NLRC4 expressions with tPSA, fPSA and Gleason scores in the PCa patients. Based on the Cancer Genome Atlas dataset, we compared the expressions of NLRP1 and NLRC4 in different stages of PCa. RESULTS: The NLRP1 and NLRC4 expressions were significantly increased in the PCa patients (P < 0.001). The expression of NLRP1 was linearly correlated with those of IL-1ß and IL-18 (P < 0.05), and so was the expression of NLRC4 with that of IL-18 (P < 0.05). The expressions of NLRP1 and NLRC4 were positively correlated with the Gleason scores of the PCa patients (P < 0.05), the former remarkably higher in T3 and T4 than in T1 (P > 0.05), and the latter markedly higher in T2, T3 and T4 than in T1 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The inflammasomes NLRP1 and NLRC4 are highly expressed in PCa and facilitate tumorgenesis by promoting the maturation and release of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1ß and IL-18, which indicates their important role in the progression of tumors and clinical value in the risk assessment and prognosis of PCa.

Expression and clinical value of NLRP1 and NLRC4 inflammasomes in prostate cancer.

The present study explored the clinical value of the protein expression levels of nucleotide binding oligomerization-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 1 (NLRP1) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain leucine-rich repeat and caspase recruitment domain-containing 4 (NLRC4) inflammasomes in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. A total of 54 patients with prostatic hyperplasia and 58 patients with prostate cancer were recruited at The First People's Hospital of Pinghu between January and May 2022. Immunohistochemical staining was used to determine the protein expression levels of the NLRP1 and NLRC4 inflammasomes in addition to the proinflammatory cytokines IL-18 and IL-1ß in the two groups of patients. The protein expression levels of NLRP1 and NLRC4 inflammasome were significantly increased in patients with prostate cancer compared with patients with prostate hyperplasia. The differences in expression of NLRP1 and NLRC4 inflammatory vesicles in prostate cancer of different stages were also compared based on data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The protein expression level of NLRP1 demonstrated a significant positive correlation with IL-1ß and IL-18 expression, and the protein expression level of the NLRC4 inflammasome was significantly positively correlated with IL-18 expression. The protein expression levels of both NLRP1 and NLRC4 demonstrated a significant positive correlation with the Gleason score of prostate cancer. The expression of NLRP1 in tumor (T)3/T4 was significantly higher compared with T1 and expression of the NLRC4 inflammasome in T2 and T3/T4 was significantly higher compared with T1. Expression of the NLRP1 and NLRC4 inflammasomes was significantly higher in patients with prostate cancer, compared with patients with prostatic hyperplasia. Therefore, expression of NLRP1 and NLRC4 may promote tumorigenesis by promoting the maturation and release of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1ß and IL-18. Expression of the NLRP1 and NLRC4 inflammasomes demonstrated a significant positive correlation with the risk of prostate cancer. Expression of the NLRP1 and NLRC4 inflammasomes in middle- and advanced-stage tumors was higher compared with early-stage tumors. These results suggested that inflammasome expression may serve a significant role in the progression of tumors and could provide a fixed value for the risk assessment and prognosis prediction of prostate cancer.

Clinicopathological features and Borrmann classification associated with HER2-positive in primary gastric cancer.

PURPOSE: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) assesment is important for patients with advanced gastric cancer (GC) to determine trastuzumab therapy is being considered. A study was performed to evaluate the rate of HER2 positivity in patients with primary gastric cancer and to assess the relationship between HER2-positive and Borrmann classification. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Four hundred and sixty-one patients with gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer were confirmed as having adenocarcinoma between 2005 and 2016. HER2 status was assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Tissues were considered to be HER2-positive when assessment revealed either an IHC score of 3+ or IHC score 2+ accompanied by a positive FISH result. RESULTS: The HER2-positive rate was significantly higher in men than in women (19% vs 9%; p=0.006). In our study, HER2-positive gastric tumors with differentiated histology were significantly higher. The proportion of HER2-positive gastric tumors of Borrmann classification III or IV was significantly higher than tumors classified as I or II. CONCLUSIONS: HER2-positive gastric cancer tends to be associated with male gender, differentiated histology, and Borrmann tumor classification of III or IV.