Importance of the Nurses' Empathy Level in Operating Rooms.

Objective: We aimed to explore the level of empathy and professional identity of nurses in the operating room, explore their correlation, and make relevant recommendations. Methods: A total of 220 operating room nurses in Wenzhou were investigated with The Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) and professional identity rating scale, using the convenience sampling method. Results: The total score of empathy for operating room nurses was 92.47 ± 9.89, the total score of professional identity was 104.58 ± 15.79, and the correlation coefficient between both empathy and professional identity was 0.295. Empathy and professional identity were at a moderate level and they were moderately positively correlated. The first hierarchical regression analysis showed that the presence or absence of hospitalization experience of self or immediate family members and education level jointly explained 13.6% of the variance in empathy among operating room nurses; the second hierarchical regression analysis displayed that the presence or absence of hospitalization experience of self or immediate family members, education level, professional satisfaction, and professional identity jointly explained 20.1% of the variance in nurses' empathy, and the independent variables improved the explanation of the corresponding variables by 6.5%. Conclusions: The professional identity of operating room nurses are positively correlated with empathy. Nursing managers should pay attention to their professional identity cultivation and enhance the professional satisfaction of operating room nurses. They should encourage them to improve their educational level so as to enhance their level of empathy and improve the quality of nursing services.

Analysis of the Intestinal Flora in Male Versus Female Swamp Eels (Monopterus albus).

This study aimed to analyze the intestinal flora of male versus female swamp eels, which have the unique characteristic of sex reversal. Same-aged swamp eels from the same parents, kept under the same conditions in terms of environment, diet, etc., were used as the study materials. After breeding for 1 year, 18 healthy swamp eels (nine males and nine females), weighing 39.4 ± 2.3 g, were selected. The intestinal contents of three swamp eels of the same sex were combined and labeled as follows: FM1-FM3 (n = 3) for females and MM1-MM3 (n = 3) for males. High-throughput sequencing was used to research the v3-v4 region of 16S rDNA in the intestinal flora. The results suggested significant differences in the structure, composition, and diversity of the intestinal flora of male versus female swamp eels. The relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Spirochaetes in female swamp eels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in male swamp eels at the phylum level. The relative abundances of Mycobacterium, Bacillus, and Vagococcus in female swamp eels were considerably higher (p < 0.05) than in male swamp eels at the genus level. The Alpha diversity of females was higher than that of males, and the Shannon index of females was also significantly higher (p < 0.05, Tukey's HSD) than that in males. Investigations of Beta diversity, including NMDS ordination, UPGMA cluster analysis, and PLS-DA analysis, showed that female and male swamp eels could be clearly distinguished based on significant differences in intestinal flora between the FM group and the MM group. LEfSe analysis showed that the dominant bacteria were Cetobacterium in male swamp eels and Clostridium_sp_ND2, Mycobacterium, Alphaproteobacteria, and Bacilli in female swamp eels. The results showed dramatic differences in the intestinal flora between the sexes, which indicates the need for a more in-depth study on sex reversal in the future.