In Situ Test and Numerical Analysis of the Subway-Induced Vibration Influence in Historical and Cultural Reserves.

Although the rapid expansion of urban rail transit offers convenience to citizens, the issue of subway vibration cannot be overlooked. This study investigates the spatial distribution characteristics of vibration in the Fayuan Temple historic and cultural reserve. It involves using a V001 magnetoelectric acceleration sensor capable of monitoring low amplitudes with a sensitivity of 0.298 V/(m/s2), a measuring range of up to 20 m/s2, and a frequency range span from 0.5 to 100 Hz for in situ testing, analyzing the law of vibration propagation in this area, evaluating the impact on buildings, and determining the vibration reduction scheme. The reserve is divided into three zones based on the vertical vibration level measured during the in situ test as follows: severely excessive, generally excessive, and non-excessive vibration. Furthermore, the research develops a dynamic coupling model of vehicle-track-tunnel-stratum-structure to verify the damping effect of the wire spring floating plate track and periodic pile row. It compares the characteristics of three vibration reduction schemes, namely, internal vibration reduction reconstruction, periodic pile row, and anti-vibration reinforcement or reconstruction of buildings, proposing a comprehensive solution. Considering the construction conditions, difficulty, cost, and other factors, a periodic pile row is recommended as the primary treatment measure. If necessary, anti-vibration reinforcement or reconstruction of buildings can serve as supplemental measures.

Broadband coherent modulation imaging with no knowledge of the illumination spectrum distribution: publisher's note.

This publisher's note contains a correction to Opt. Lett.48, 3977 (2023)10.1364/OL.495706.

Data-driven classification of left atrial morphology and its predictive impact on atrial fibrillation catheter ablation.

INTRODUCTION: Various left atrial (LA) anatomical structures are correlated with postablative recurrence for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Comprehensively integrating anatomical structures, digitizing them, and implementing in-depth analysis, which may supply new insights, are needed. Thus, we aim to establish an interpretable model to identify AF patients' phenotypes according to LA anatomical morphology, using machine learning techniques. METHODS AND RESULTS: Five hundred and nine AF patients underwent first ablation treatment in three centers were included and were followed-up for postablative recurrent atrial arrhythmias. Data from 369 patients were regarded as training set, while data from another 140 patients, collected from different centers, were used as validation set. We manually measured 57 morphological parameters on enhanced computed tomography with three-dimensional reconstruction technique and implemented unsupervised learning accordingly. Three morphological groups were identified, with distinct prognosis according to Kaplan-Meier estimator (p < .001). Multivariable Cox model revealed that morphological grouping were independent predictors of 1-year recurrence (Group 1: HR = 3.00, 95% CI: 1.51-5.95, p = .002; Group 2: HR = 4.68, 95% CI: 2.40-9.11, p < .001; Group 3 as reference). Furthermore, external validation consistently demonstrated our findings. CONCLUSIONS: Our study illustrated the feasibility of employing unsupervised learning for the classification of LA morphology. By utilizing morphological grouping, we can effectively identify individuals at different risks of postablative recurrence and thereby assist in clinical decision-making.

Anchoring of Metal Complexes on Au25 Nanocluster for Enhanced Photocoupled Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction.

Atomically precise Au nanoclusters (NCs) with discrete energy levels can be used as photosensitizers for CO2 reduction. However, tight ligand capping of Au NCs hinders CO2 adsorption on its active sites. Here, a new hybrid material is obtained by anchoring of thiol functionalized terpyridine metal complexes (metal=Ru, Ni, Fe, Co) on Au NCs by ligand exchange reactions (LERs). The anchoring of Ru and Ni complexes on Au25 NC (Au25 -Ru and Au25 -Ni) leads to adequate CO2 to CO conversion for photocoupled electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (PECR) in terms of high selectivity, with Faradaic efficiency of CO (FECO ) exceeding 90 % in a wide potential range, remarkable activity (CO production rate up to two times higher than that for pristine Au25 PET18 ) and extremely large turnover frequencies (TOFs, 63012 h-1 at -0.97 V for Au25 -Ru and 69989 h-1 at -1.07 V vs. RHE for Au25 -Ni). Moreover, PECR stability test indicates the excellent long-term stability of the modified NCs in contrast with pristine Au NCs. The present approach offers a novel strategy to enhance PECR activity and selectivity, as well as to improve the stability of Au NCs under light illumination, which paves the way for highly active and stable Au NCs catalysts.

Very Low Temperature CO Oxidation over Atomically Precise Au25 Nanoclusters on MnO2.

Atomically precise Au25 nanoclusters have garnered significant interest in the field of heterogeneous catalysis due to their remarkable activity and selectivity. However, for the extensively studied reaction of low-temperature CO oxidation, their performance has not been competitive compared to other known gold nanocatalysts. To address this, we deposited Au25(SR)18 (R = CH2CH2Ph) nanoclusters onto a manganese oxide support (Au25/MnO2), resulting in a very stable and highly active catalyst. By optimizing the pretreatment temperature, we were able to significantly enhance the performance of the Au25/MnO2 catalyst, which outperformed most other gold catalysts. Impressively, 100% conversion of CO was achieved at temperatures as low as -50 °C, with 50% conversion being reached below -70 °C. Furthermore, the existence of ligands could also influence the negative apparent activation energy observed at intermediate temperatures. Analysis using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques indicated that the Au25 nanoclusters remained stable on the catalyst surface even after pretreatment at high temperatures. In-situ modulation excitation spectroscopy (MES) spectra also confirmed that the Au cluster was the active site for CO oxidation, highlighting the potential of atomically precise Au25 nanoclusters as primary active sites at very low temperatures.

Broadband coherent modulation imaging with no knowledge of the illumination spectrum distribution.

Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) is an alternative way to achieve high-performance imaging without high-quality imaging lenses. Coherent modulation imaging (CMI) improves CDI's algorithmic convergence and applicability to general samples. A high degree of coherence of the source is essential for CDI, which limits its application to ultrafast pulsed sources with an intrinsically broad spectrum. Here, we propose an algorithm to increase the tolerance of CMI to low temporal coherence that tandemly employs the Wiener and Lucy deconvolution approaches. Simulations and visible light experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. This work could pave the way for implementing CMI with attosecond pulsed lasers, laboratory x-ray sources, or electron microscopes.

An integration-free iPSC line ZZUNEUi029-A derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a patient with familial hypercholesterolemia carrying a mutation in LDLR gene.

Familial hypercholesterolemia is a hereditary disorder that causes severely elevated low-density lipoprotein levels, which can lead to an increased risk for premature cardiovascular disease. Mutations in the LDLR gene are the most common cause of familial hypercholesterolemia. In this study, we report the generation of ZZUNEUi029-A, a human induced pluripotent stem cell line (hiPSC) from a male patient with c. 622 G â†’ A in LDLR gene using non-integrative Sendai viral reprogramming technology. This cell line expressed pluripotency markers, had a normal male karyotype (46XY) and maintained the ability to differentiate into the three germ layers in vitro.

Engineering ligand chemistry on Au25 nanoclusters: from unique ligand addition to precisely controllable ligand exchange.

Au25 nanoclusters (NCs) protected by 18 thiol-ligands (Au25SR18, SR is a thiolate ligand) are the prototype of atomically precise thiolate-protected gold NCs. Studies concerning the alteration of the number of surface ligands for a given Au25SR18 NC are scarce. Herein we report the conversion of hydrophobic Au25PET18 (PET = 2-phenylethylthiolate) NCs to Au25SR19 [Au25PET18(metal complex)1] induced by ligand exchange reactions (LERs) with thiolated terpyridine-metal complexes (metal complex, metal = Ru, Fe, Co, Ni) under mild conditions (room temperature and low amounts of incoming ligands). Interestingly, we found that the ligand addition reaction on Au25PET18 NCs is metal dependent. Ru and Co complexes preferentially lead to the formation of Au25SR19 whereas Fe and Ni complexes favor ligand exchange reactions. High-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESI-MS) was used to determine the molecular formula of Au25SR19 NCs. The photophysical properties of Au25PET18(Ru complex)1 are distinctly different from Au25PET18. The absorption spectrum is drastically changed upon addition of the extra ligand and the photoluminescence quantum yield of Au25PET18(Ru complex)1 is 14 times and 3 times higher than that of pristine Au25PET18 and Au25PET17(Ru complex)1, respectively. Interestingly, only one surface ligand (PET) could be substituted by the metal complex when neutral Au25PET18 was used for ligand exchange whereas two ligands could be exchanged when starting with negatively charged Au25PET18. This charge dependence provides a strategy to precisely control the number of exchanged ligands at the surface of NCs.

Parental burnout of parents of primary school students: an analysis from the perspective of job demands-resources.

Objective: Based on the theory of Job Demands-Resources, this study has been set out to examine how parenting demands, parenting resources affect parental burnout of primary school students' parents. Methods: An online survey with four scales (Parenting Stress Scale, Perceived Family Support Scale, Psychological Resilience Scale and Parental Burnout Scale) was completed by 600 parents of students from three primary schools in Central China. Structural equation models were implemented. Results: Parenting stress had a positive impact on parental burnout (ß = 0.486, p < 0.001). Both perceived family support (ß = -0.228, p < 0.001) and psychological resilience (ß = -0.332, p = 0.001) had a negative impact on parental burnout. Perceived family support played a moderating role between parenting stress and parental burnout (ß = -0.121, p < 0.001). Psychological resilience also played a moderating role between parenting stress and parental burnout (ß = -0.201, p < 0.001). Psychological resilience partially mediated the relationship between perceived family support and parental burnout. The total effect was -0.290, with 95% CI (-0.350, -0.234). Direct effect was -0.228, with 95% CI (-0.283, -0.174), and indirect effect was -0.062, with 95% CI (-0.092, -0.037). Conclusion: Parental burnout may be reduced by increasing family support and self-improvement of psychological resilience. In the same way, the impact of parenting stress on parental burnout may be buffered under high-pressure situations.

IL-38 attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting macrophage inflammation.

BACKGROUND: Reperfusion therapy is the most effective approach to resolve coronary occlusion, but myocardial injury caused by excessive inflammation during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion will also pose a new threat to health. Our prior study revealed the expression pattern of interleukin-38 (IL-38) in the peripheral blood serum of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and the role of IL-38 in acute myocardial infarction in mice. However, its role and potential mechanisms in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) remain to be determined. METHODS AND RESULTS: The left anterior descending artery of C57BL/6 mice was transiently ligated to induce the MIRI model. We found that MIRI induced the expression of endogenous IL-38, which was mainly produced by locally infiltrating macrophages. Overexpression of IL-38 in C57BL/6 mice attenuated inflammatory injury and decreased myocardial apoptosis after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. Furthermore, IL-38 inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammation in vitro. Cardiomyocytes cocultured with the supernatant of IL-38- and troponin I-treated macrophages showed a lower rate of apoptosis than controls. CONCLUSIONS: IL-38 attenuates MIRI by inhibiting macrophage inflammation. This inhibitory effect may be partially achieved by inhibiting the activation of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-related protein 3 inflammasome, resulting in decreased expression of inflammatory factors and reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis.

Clinical Outcomes and Predictors of Late Recurrence in Young Patients with Atrial Fibrillation after Catheter Ablation.

Background: Catheter ablation (CA) is an established treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF), but the recurrence of AF is not neglected. Young patients with AF were generally more symptomatic and intolerant to long-term drug treatment. We aim to explore clinical outcomes and predictors of late recurrence (LR) in AF patients younger than 45 years after CA to better manage them. Methods: We retrospectively studied 92 symptomatic AF patients who accepted CA from September 1, 2019, to August 31, 2021. Baseline clinical data (including N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide, NT-proBNP), ablation outcomes, and follow-up outcomes were collected. Patients were followed up at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Follow-up data were available for 82/92 (89.1%) patients. Results: One-year arrhythmia-free survival was 81.7% (67/82) in our study group. Major complications occurred in 3/82 (3.7%) patients with an acceptable rate. The value of ln(NT-proBNP) (P = 0.025, odds ratio [OR] = 1.977, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.087-3.596) and a family history of AF (P = 0.041, HR = 9.269, 95% CI 1.097-78.295) could independently predict AF recurrence. The ROC analysis of ln(NT-proBNP) showed that NT-proBNP greater than 200.05 pg/ml (area under the curve: 0.772, 95% CI 0.642-0.902, P = 0.001, sensitivity 0.800, specificity 0.701) was the cut-off point for predicting late recurrence. Conclusions: CA is a safe and effective treatment for AF patients younger than 45 years. Elevated NT-proBNP level and a family history of AF could be used as predictors for late recurrence in young patients. The result of this study may help us take more comprehensive management of those with high-recurrence risks to reduce disease burden and improve quality of life.

Association between the systemic immune-inflammation index and the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, prognosis in HER2 positive breast cancer-a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The prognosis of patients who can achieve a complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy could be significantly improved. Thus, accurately predicting the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy is of great clinical significance. Currently, previous indicators such as neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio was poor in predicting the efficacy and prognosis of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive breast cancer patients. Methods: The data of 172 HER2 positive breast cancer patients admitted to the Nuclear 215 Hospital of Shaanxi Province from January 2015 to January 2017 were retrospectively collected. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the patients were divided into the complete response group (n=70) and the non-complete response group (n=102). The clinical characteristics and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) levels of the two groups were compared. The patients were followed-up for 5 years post-surgery to observe whether recurrence or metastasis occurred after the operation by clinic visit combined with telephone calls. Results: The SII of the complete response group was significantly lower than that of the non-complete response group (587.43±175.97 vs. 821.82±231.58; P=0.000). The SII was valuable in predicting which HER2 positive breast cancer patients would fail to achieve a pathological complete response, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.773 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.705-0.804; P=0.000]. A SII >755.10 was an adverse factor for HER2 positive breast cancer patients achieving a pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy [P=0.000; relative risk (RR): 0.172 (95% CI: 0.082-0.358)]. The SII level was valuable in predicting recurrence within 5 years of surgery, and had an AUC of 0.828 (95% CI: 0.757-0.900; P=0.000). A SII >755.10 was a risk factor for recurrence within 5 years of surgery [P=0.001; RR: 4.945 (95% CI: 1.949-12.544)]. The SII level was valuable in predicting metastasis within 5 years of surgery, and had an AUC of 0.837 (95% CI: 0.756-0.917; P=0.000). A SII >755.10 was a risk factor for metastasis within 5 years of surgery [P=0.014, RR: 4.553 (95% CI: 1.362-15.220)]. Conclusions: The SII was associated with the prognosis and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in HER2 positive breast cancer patients.

A comparative study on in vitro and in vivo stomach-small intestinal and large intestinal digestion of plant protein meals in growing pigs.

This experiment evaluated the difference between computer-controlled simulated digestion and in vivo stomach-small intestinal or large intestinal digestion for growing pigs. Five diets including a corn-soybean meal basal diet and four experimental diets with rapeseed meal (RSM), cottonseed meal (CSM), sunflower meal (SFM), or peanut meal (PNM) were assigned to each group of five barrows installed terminal ileal cannula or distal cecal cannula in a 5 × 5 Latin square design. Ileal digesta and feces were collected for the determination of digestibility of dry matter (DM) and gross energy (GE) as well as digestible energy (DE) at terminal ileum and total tract. The large intestinal digestibility and DE were calculated by the difference between measurements obtained at the terminal ileum and those obtained from total tract. In vitro stomach-small intestinal digestibility and DE for diets and plant protein meals were determined by stomach-small intestinal digestion in a computer-controlled simulated digestion system (CCSDS). The in vitro large intestinal digestibility and DE of diets were determined in a CCSDS using ileal digesta and enzymes extracted from cecal digesta of pigs. The in vitro large intestinal digestibility and DE of four plant protein meals were determined by the difference between stomach-small intestinal and total tract digestion in the CCSDS. For the experimental diets, the in vitro ileal digestibility and DE were not different from corresponding in vivo values in basal diet and PNM diet, but greater than corresponding in vivo values for diets with RSM, CSM, and SFM (P < 0.05). No difference was observed between in vitro and in vivo large intestinal digestibility and DE in five diets. For the feed ingredients, the in vitro ileal digestibility and DE did not differ from corresponding in vivo ileal values in RSM and PNM but were greater than the in vivo ileal values in CSM and SFM (P < 0.05). The in vitro large intestinal GE digestibility and DE were not different from in vivo large intestinal values in RSM, CSM, and PNM, but lower than in vivo large intestinal values in SFM. This finding may relate to the higher fiber content of plant protein meals resulting in shorter digestion time of in vivo stomach-small intestine thus lower digestibility compared to in vitro, indicating it is necessary to optimize in vitro stomach-small intestinal digestion time.

Comparable in vitro and in vivo values are crucial to develop a novel in vitro digestion technique for growing pigs. The current study evaluated the difference between computer-controlled simulated digestion and in vivo stomach­small intestinal or large intestinal digestion for growing pigs. Five diets including a corn­soybean meal basal diet and four experimental diets with rapeseed meal (RSM), cottonseed meal (CSM), sunflower meal (SFM), or peanut meal (PNM) were used to compare the in vitro and in vivo digestion. Our study demonstrated that the in vitro ileal digestibility of energy was not different from corresponding in vivo values in basal diet and PNM diet, but greater than corresponding in vivo values for diets with RSM, CSM, and SFM. The in vitro stomach­small intestinal digestibility was greater than in vivo digestibility, resulting in less digestible substrates hydrolyzed by in vitro large intestinal fluid, whereas more digestible substrates can be digested by in vivo large intestine in plant protein meals. This difference may relate to the higher fiber content of plant protein meals resulting in shorter digestion time of in vivo stomach­small intestine thus lower digestibility compared to in vitro. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize in vitro stomach­small intestinal digestion time.

Apigenin attenuates atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome in mice.

Apigenin (APN), a flavone found in several plant foods with various biological properties such as anti-obesity, anti-inflammation and other abilities, alleviates atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by a high fat diet (HFD) in mice. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of NLRP3 in anti-atherosclerosis and anti-NAFLD effect of APN in mouse models with NLRP3 deficiency. Atherosclerosis and NAFLD models were established by treatment of low density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (Ldlr-/-) mice and NLRP3-/- Ldlr-/- mice with a HFD diet (20% fat and 0.5% cholesterol) with or without APN. En face lipid accumulation analysis, plasma lipid levels, hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation were analyzed and quantified. For in vitro experiments, HepG2 cells were stimulated by LPS plus oleic acid (OA) in the absence or presence of APN (50 µM). Lipid accumulation and the effect of APN on the NLRP3/NF-κB signaling pathway were investigated. APN administration partly reversed atherosclerosis and hepatic lipid accumulation, and decreased body weight and plasma lipid levels in Ldlr-/- mice when fed a HFD. Compared with Ldlr-/- mice, NLRP3-/- Ldlr-/- mice showed more severe atherosclerosis and hepatic lipid accumulation. Treating the HepG2 cells with APN reduced lipid accumulation. APN also inhibited activation of the NLRP3/ NF-κB signaling pathway stimulated by OA together with LPS. Our results indicate that APN supplementation prevents atherosclerosis and NAFLD via NLRP3 inhibition in mice, and suggest that APN might be a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention of atherosclerosis and NAFLD.

The normal impact stiffness of a debris-flow flexible barrier.

This paper proposes a normal oriented impact stiffness of a three-supporting cable flexible barrier under a small pretension stress to estimate the structural load behaviour, and employs two categories of small-scale debris flows (coarse and fine) to explore the stiffness evolution through physical model experiments with high-speed photography and load sensing. Results suggest that the particle-structure contact is essential to the normal load effect. Coarse debris flow performs more frequent particle-structure contact and exerts evident momentum flux, while fine debris flows with few physical collisions impart much smaller one. The middle-sited cable that receives only tensile force from vertical equivalent cable-net joint system exhibits indirect load behaviour. The bottom-sited cable shows high load feedback due to the sum of direct contact of debris flow and tensile forces. The relationship between impact loads and maximum cable deflections can be explained by power functions according to quasi-static theory. The impact stiffness is not just affected by the particle-structure contact but by the flow inertia and particle collision effect. Savage number Nsav and Bagnold number Nbag manage to depict the dynamical effects on the normal stiffness Di. Experiments indicate that Nsav has positive linear correlation with the nondimensionalization of Di, whilst Nbag has positive power correlation with the nondimensionalization of Di. This idea is an alternative scope for the study on flow-structure interaction and may contribute to the parameter identification in numerical simulation of the debris flow-structure interaction and the optimization of the design standardization.

Advanced Catalyst for CO2 Photo-Reduction: From Controllable Product Selectivity by Architecture Engineering to Improving Charge Transfer Using Stabilized Au Clusters.

Despite enormous progress and improvement in photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR), the development of photocatalysts that suppress H2 evolution reaction (HER), during CO2 RR, remains still a challenge. Here, new insight is presented for controllable CO2 RR selectivity by tuning the architecture of the photocatalyst. Au/carbon nitride with planar structure (p Au/CN) showed high activity for HER with 87% selectivity. In contrast, the same composition with a yolk@shell structure (Y@S Au@CN) exhibited high selectivity of carbon products by suppressing the HER to 26% under visible light irradiation. Further improvement for CO2 RR activity was achieved by a surface decoration of the yolk@shell structure with Au25 (PET)18 clusters as favorable electron acceptors, resulting in longer charge separation in Au@CN/Auc Y@S structure. Finally, by covering the structure with graphene layers, the designed catalyst maintained high photostability during light illumination and showed high photocatalytic efficiency. The optimized Au@CN/Auc /G Y@S structure displays high photocatalytic CO2 RR selectivity of 88%, where the CO and CH4 generations during 8 h are 494 and 198 µmol/gcat., respectively. This approach combining architecture engineering and composition modification provides a new strategy with improved activity and controllable selectivity toward targeting applications in energy conversion catalysis.

Surface metrology by multiple-wavelength coherent modulation imaging.

With the rapid progress of advanced manufacturing, three-dimensional metrology techniques that are able to achieve nanometer spatial resolution and to capture fast dynamics are highly desired, for which a snapshot ability and a common-light-path setup are required. Commonly used off-axis holography and phase-shifting interferometry are short in fulfilling those requirements. We studied the suitability and performance of the coherent modulation imaging (CMI) method for metrology applications. Both transparent and reflective samples are measured in visible light experiments. Thanks to its ability to retrieve separate wavefronts at different wavelengths from a single measurement, CMI allows for attaining an enlarged range of measurement free from phase wrapping by utilizing the concept of synthetic wavelength. The CMI method fulfills well the requirements for advanced metrology and can be implemented at any wavelength. We expect it would be a powerful addition to the pool of advanced metrology tools.

Four common vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and coronary artery disease susceptibility: A trial sequential analysis.

BACKGROUND: Studies on the susceptibility of vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms to coronary artery disease (CAD) reached controversial results. We performed this study for a more accurate evaluation between the VDR polymorphisms and CAD susceptibility. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, CNKI, Wan Fang, and VIP databases were searched. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to evaluate the associations. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was introduced to estimate the positive associations. The potential functions of the VDR polymorphisms were analyzed based on the SNPinfo and ENSEMBL databases. RESULTS: Thirteen studies were finally included. In the overall analysis, increased CAD risks were observed in the VDR rs1544410 polymorphism and verified by the TSA; for the rs2228570 and rs731236 polymorphisms, significant associations with high heterogeneity were detected; decreased risk was remarkably observed for the rs7975232 polymorphism. In the subgroup analysis, wide associations with reduced heterogeneity were observed in the rs2228570, rs1544410, and rs731236 polymorphisms. The RNAfold analysis indicated the mutant G allele of the rs1544410 polymorphism was easier to disperse from the DNA double helix structure and may have a potential crucial role in the VDR transcription process. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis supports the role of the rs1544410 polymorphism in the VDR gene as a risk factor for CAD. The VDR rs2228570 and rs731236 polymorphisms were associated with increased CAD risks in the White population. Restrict decreased CAD risk was firstly discovered in the rs7975232 polymorphism. LIMITATIONS: Firstly, the language was restricted to English and Chinese, which will cause the limited number of studies included; secondly, other unknown polymorphisms in VDR polymorphisms could also be associated the CAD susceptibility, and more case-control studies with comprehensive clinical outcomes and GWAS studies were required; thirdly, the rs1544410, rs7975232 and rs731236 polymorphism are in strong LD, haploid factors with CAD risk need to be considered; fourthly, the mechanisms of the VDR polymorphism on the VDR gene or RNA or protein were not discussed enough, further mechanistic studies are required; at last, genetic factor was the one side for CAD susceptibility, the interaction between environmental risk factors should be considered.

Insight into the transient inactivation effect on Au/TiO2 catalyst by in-situ DRIFT and UV-vis spectroscopy.

Au catalysts have drawn broad attention for catalytic CO oxidation. However, a molecular-level understanding of the reaction mechanism on a fast time-resolved scale is still lacking. Herein, we apply in situ DRIFTS and UV-Vis spectroscopy to monitor the rapid dynamic changes during CO oxidation over Au/TiO2. A pronounced transient inactivation effect likely due to a structural change of Au/TiO2 induced by the reactants (CO and O2) is observed at the beginning of the reaction. The transient inactivation effect is affected by the ratio of CO and O2 concentrations. More importantly, during the unstable state, the electronic properties of the Au particles change, as indicated by the shift of the CO stretching vibration. UV-Vis spectroscopy corroborates the structure change of Au/TiO2 surface induced by the reactants, which leads to a weakening of the Au catalyst's ability to be oxidized (less O2 adsorption), resulting in the transient inactivation effect.

Extended coherent modulation imaging for single-shot object retrieval free from illumination artifacts.

Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) is a rapidly advancing technique, especially for imaging weakly absorptive samples with x-rays or electrons at nano or atomic resolutions. For the study of fast dynamics, single-shot imaging ability is essential. However, reconstructions provided by current single-shot CDI methods are subject to the impairment of illumination artifacts. If one wants to obtain artifact-free object images, flat or well-calibrated illumination would be required. Here, we proposed an extension to coherent modulation imaging (CMI) to realize pure object function retrieval from a single sample measurement. This extension removes the restrictions on the forms of illumination and allows flexibly placing the object between the illumination aperture and the modulator. Our method has been verified in the numerical simulation and visible light experiment, and it could make CMI a practical and powerful microscopy technique.