Purification and Identification of Antioxidant Peptides from Enzymatic Hydrolysate of Spirulina platensis.

The aim of this study was to isolate antioxidant peptides from an enzymatic hydrolysate of Spirulina platensis. A novel antioxidant peptide was obtained by ultrafiltration, gel filtration chromatography, and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, with the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay used to measure the antioxidant activity, and the sequence was determined to be Pro-Asn-Asn (343.15 Da) by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. This peptide was synthesized to confirm its antioxidant properties, and it exhibited 81.44 ± 0.43% DPPH scavenging activity at 100 µg/ml, which was similar to that of glutathione (82.63 ± 0.56%). Furthermore, the superoxide anion and hydroxyl free-radical scavenging activities and the SOD activity of the peptide were 47.84 ± 0.49%, 54.01 ± 0.82%, and 12.55 ± 0.75%, respectively, at 10 mg/ml. These results indicate that S. platensis is a good source of antioxidant peptides, and that its hydrolysate may have important applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries.

Effective emissivity of a blackbody cavity formed by two coaxial tubes.

A blackbody cavity is developed for continuously measuring the temperature of molten steel, which consists of a cylindrical outer tube with a flat bottom, a coaxial inner tube, and an aperture diaphragm. The ray-tracing approach based on the Monte Carlo method was applied to calculate the effective emissivity for the isothermal cavity with the diffuse walls. And the dependences of the effective emissivity on the inner tube relative length were calculated for various inner tube radii, outer tube lengths, and wall emissivities. Results indicate that the effective emissivity usually has a maximum corresponding to the inner tube relative length, which can be explained by the impact of the inner tube relative length on the probability of the rays absorbed after two reflections. Thus, these results are helpful to the optimal design of the blackbody cavity.