[Effects of Combined Stress of Polyethylene and Sulfamethazine on Seed Germination, Seedling Growth, and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean].

The combined pollution of antibiotics adsorption by microplastics has become inevitable in soil ecosystems; moreover, the plant biological effects under combined stress remain unclear. This study used soybean variety Jindou 21 as the material and conducted seed germination test and soil-potted seedling experiment to study the effects of different single and combined treatments of polyethylene (PE) and sulfamethazine (SMZ) on seed germination, seedling growth, photosynthetic parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and nitrogen metabolism. The results showed that single PE treatment at low levels promoted soybean seed germination and seedling growth physiology; however, inhibited them at a high level. A lower-level PE treatment[10 mg·L-1 (or mg·kg-1)] could promote soybean seed germination, seedling growth, photosynthesis, and nitrogen metabolism, whereas a higher level PE treatment[100 mg·L-1 and 200 mg·L-1 (or mg·kg-1)] had significant inhibition. The single SMZ treatment had different degrees of inhibition on soybean seed germination and seedling growth physiology, and the inhibition degree increased with the increase in SMZ treatment level. Under the different levels of combined treatments of PE and SMZ, adding the lower level PE treatment could alleviate the inhibition of the single SMZ treatment on soybean, with 10 mg·L-1(or mg·kg-1) PE+1 mg·L-1(or mg·kg-1) SMZ treatment having the best comprehensive mitigation effect, which could increase soybean seed germination potential, germination rate, germination index, vigor index, plant height, root length, shoot and root fresh weight, Pn, Gs, Tr, chlorophyll contents, Fv/Fm, ΦPSⅡ, ETR, qP, and key enzyme activities for nitrogen metabolism such as NR and decrease the average germination time, Ci, NPQ, and NO3--N and NH4+-N contents compared with those in the single SMZ treatment. Adding the higher level PE treatment enhanced the inhibition of SMZ on soybean, and the inhibition degree increased with the increase in SMZ treatment level, in which 200 mg·L-1(or mg·kg-1) PE+50 mg·L-1(or mg·kg-1) SMZ treatment yielded the greatest inhibition. In summary, the lower level PE treatment could alleviate the inhibition of SMZ on soybean seeds and seedlings to a certain extent; however, the higher level PE treatment could produce a synergistic effect with SMZ, thus aggravating the toxic effect of the single stress treatment.

PTEN-induced kinase 1 enhances the reparative effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells on mice with renal ischaemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common severe acute syndrome caused by multiple factors and is characterized by a rapid decline in renal function during a short period. Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) are effective in treating AKI. However, the mechanism of their beneficial effects remains unclear. PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) may play an important role in kidney tissue repair. In this study, we explored the effect of PINK1 overexpression on enhancing BMSC-mediated repair of AKI. In this study, ischaemia/reperfusion-induced AKI (IRI-AKI) in mice and a hypoxia-reoxygenation model in cells were established, and the indices were examined by pathology and immunology experiments. After ischaemia/reperfusion, PINK1 overexpression reduced apoptosis in injured kidney tissue cell, decreased T lymphocyte infiltration, increased macrophage infiltration, and alleviated the inflammatory response. PINK1 relieved the stress response of BMSCs and renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs), reduced apoptosis, altered the release of inflammatory factors, and reduced the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In conclusion, BMSCs and RTECs undergo stress responses in response to hypoxia, inflammation and other conditions, and overexpressing PINK1 in BMSCs could enhance their ability to resist these stress reactions. Furthermore, PINK1 overexpression can regulate the distribution of immune cells and improve the inflammatory response. The regulation of mitochondrial autophagy during IRI-AKI maintains mitochondrial homeostasis and protects renal function. The results of this study provide new strategies and experimental evidence for BMSC-mediated repair of IRI-AKI.

Impact of Internet Use on Multi-dimensional Health: An Empirical Study Based on CGSS 2017 Data.

Based on the data of the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) in 2017, the paper divides overall health into physical, mental, and social health, using the ordered probit model to examine the impact of Internet use on multi-dimensional health. It then discusses the possible heterogeneity in different groups and underlying mechanism. Results found that using the Internet can improve the health level in multiple dimensions. After endogenous and robustness tests, the results remain robust. Heterogeneity analysis shows that Internet use has more obvious effects on the health of senior high school education or above, the elderly, and men. Further analysis of the mediating effect model found that information, leisure, and social preferences are important path mechanisms for Internet use to promote physical, mental, and social health, respectively.

Does Individual Anxiety Play a Mediating Role on the Impact of Psychological Expectation of Class Mobility on Entrepreneurial Choice?

PURPOSE: Under the dual backgrounds of "Chinese dream" and "Mass entrepreneurship and innovation", can psychological expectations influence entrepreneurial activities? There is little literature on this topic. In addition, although psychological expectation can reduce the negative emotions caused by uncertain events, the expectation itself can lead to the activation of related neural circuits and the generation of individual anxiety. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, this paper divides the entrepreneurship into the economic status type, the social status type and the self-development type, and attempts to study the psychological mechanism of the psychological expectation of class mobility influencing entrepreneurial choice by constructing the mediating effect model of individual anxiety. METHODS: Based on CGSS 2015 data, entrepreneurial choice was obtained through describing the working status. The individual anxiety in the questionnaire is "How often have you felt depressed or disheartened in the past four weeks?". Psychological expectation of class mobility was calculated by subtracting the current subjective class score from the subjective class score 10 years later. Classical mediating effect models were conducted by stata 15.0. RESULTS: The psychological expectation of class mobility can promote entrepreneurial behavior. According to sub sample study, individual anxiety plays a partial mediating effect between the psychological expectation of class mobility and economic status type entrepreneurships. No mediating effect of individual anxiety occurs for social status type and self-development type entrepreneurships. CONCLUSION: This study provides a psychological mechanism by which the expectation of class mobility affects entrepreneurial choice. The implications are as follows: we should firstly prevent excessive anxiety from triggering irrational entrepreneurship. Secondly, we should establish a fair social mobility mechanism to provide psychological incentives for entrepreneurial groups to flow upward through entrepreneurship. Thirdly, we undertake classification management of entrepreneurial groups and pay attention to social status type and self-development type entrepreneurial.