Rare presentation of maxillary osteonecrosis and tooth exfoliation induced by herpes zoster infection in a 29-year-old Chinese male: a case report and literature review.

BACKGROUND: We present a case of a 29-year-old male patient without immunodeficiency who suffered from rapid osteonecrosis and tooth exfoliation resulting from herpes zoster (HZ) infection in the left maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve. Various complications associated with shingles infections have been reported, cases of osteonecrosis and tooth exfoliation due to HZ infection among young people without immunodeficiency are rare. In this case, we focus on the particular manifestation of HZ infection. CASE PRESENTATION: The patient presented with clusters of erythema and papules, along with non-hemorrhagic blisters on the left face and the loss of the left upper incisor. All lesions were localized to the left side of the face without exceeding the midline. After receiving antibacterial and antiviral treatment, successful control over the infection was achieved; however, he experienced the loss of all upper teeth on the left side except for the first and second upper left molars. CONCLUSION: This case highlights that rapid osteonecrosis and tooth exfoliation may occur among young individuals without immunodeficiency after HZ infection. HZ infection of the face should be taken very seriously to obtain prompt treatment to prevent the rare complications of bone necrosis and tooth loss as much as possible.

The Stories We Tell About Data: Surveying Data-Driven Storytelling Using Visualization.

The emerging practice of data-driven storytelling is framing data using familiar narrative mechanisms, such as slideshows, videos, and comics, to make even highly complex phenomena understandable. In this survey, we propose a taxonomy focused specifically on media types for the purpose of widening the purview of data-driven storytelling by putting more tools into the hands of designers. The classification shows that current data-driven storytelling practice does not yet leverage the full repertoire of media that can be used for storytelling, such as the spoken word, e-learning, and video games. Using our taxonomy as a generative tool, we also explore three novel storytelling mechanisms, including for live streaming, gesture-driven oral presentations, and data-driven comics.

Genetic characterization of porcine kobuvirus variants identified from healthy piglets in China.

In this study, two porcine kobuvirus strains, JS-01-CHN and JS-02a-CHN were detected from piglets with diarrhea and asymptomatic, respectively. The sequences of the two strains were analyzed using a bioinformatics software package. The full-length genome of JS-02a-CHN, was detected in healthy piglets was 8121 nucleotides (nt) long excluding the poly(A) tail. There was a 30 amino acid deletion in the 2B-coding region of JS-02a-CHN. We are the first to report a 30 amino acid deletion in porcine kobuvirus from asymptomatic piglets, indicating that porcine kobuvirus may have evolved differently based on geography and host differences. Fecal samples were obtained from pigs with diarrhea (n=91) and healthy (n=126) pigs and analyzed using RT-PCR. Of these, 64.8% (59/91) of diarrheic piglets and 19.8% (25/126) of healthy piglets were positive for PKV using VP1 specific primers. Twenty-eight (28) virus positive samples were randomly selected and the VP1 gene was analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the 15 strains isolated from pigs with diarrhea clustered into different branches, while the VP1 sequences from clinically healthy pigs clustered into a single large group. These results indicate that the VP1 gene is diverse in pigs with diarrhea but conserved in healthy pigs in the Jiangsu Province.

Genetic characterization of porcine kobuvirus and detection of coinfecting pathogens in diarrheic pigs in Jiangsu Province, China.

In this study, 396 samples from diarrheic pigs on 46 pig farms in Jiangsu Province, China, were analyzed by RT-PCR. One-hundred eighty-one pigs from 37 farms tested positive for porcine kobuvirus (PKV). Phylogenetic analysis of the 3D gene from 19 isolates showed sequence homology of 88.0 %-100 % and 69.4 %-100 % for nucleotides and amino acids, respectively, while similarity to isolates of other kobuviruses was 69.6 %-78.8 % and 27.8 %-56.9 %, respectively. One-hundred eighty-five samples contained two or more pathogens, and 31/68 PKV-positive samples tested positive for other diarrheic pathogens, confirming the existence of PKV infection and coinfection.

A comprehensive cytogenetics tutorial program, encompassing changeable G-band resolutions.

Chromosome analysis is a basic science with medical implication. Karyotyping is a procedure to study an individual's chromosome make-up. It is time consuming to train students and clinical technologists to recognize patterns of G-banded chromosomes because of the dynamic nature of G-band resolutions in different metaphase spreads. High resolution G-bands are desirable because they provide detailed information for structural analysis. However, it is challenging to identify chromosomes at higher resolution levels even for many cytogenetics technologists. In response to the need for training students to identify human chromosomes at variable G-band resolutions, we present in this paper an advanced version of virtual reality (VR)-based interactive karyotyping program capable of manipulating G-band resolutions for human cytogenetics education. The program can generate different metaphase spreads ranging from short and well separate chromosomes at low G-band resolutions to long, curved, and overlapped chromosomes at high G-band resolutions. Other features include a scoring system, helping strategies, and the progress reports. The traditional "cut and paste" karyotyping method for chromosome separation is incorporated in the software. This method is compared with the "simple clicking" method which is based on an edge detection technique for outlining each chromosome. The comprehensive program is suitable for in-depth training of advanced students.