[The Study of Three-Dimensional Synchronous Fluorescence Spectral Characteristics of Liuwei Dihuang Pills].

Three-dimensional synchronous fluorescence of each component of Liuwei dihuang pills (Prepared rehmannia root, cornel, yam, alisma, poria cocos, and cortex moutan) is measured by using FLS920P fluorescence spectrometer. Feature parameters were extracted. It can be found that each component is fluorescent material and the lines are all different. Furthermore, Three-dimensional synchronous fluorescence of Liuwei dihuang pills boiling with standard water and non-standard water are all measured and there are significant differences between them. It can be applied in distinguishing different formula of Chinese medicine decoction. Experimental and Theoretical conclusion show that: the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrometry method and the combination of synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy method can further improve the sensitivity and selectivity of fluorescence spectroscopy, have a distinct advantage in a complex multi-component mixture of fluorescence spectroscopic analysis. The study can provide a convenient and reliable method for establishing a complete fingerprint of Chinese traditional medicine. It also can help identifying the component and the quality of Chinese patent medicine.

Focal Nodular Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: Comparison of Ultrasonographic Features with Malignant and Other Benign Nodules

<p><b>INTRODUCTION</b>Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) can present as focal nodular disease. This study aimed to determine the distinguishing sonographic features of nodules in biopsy-proven focal HT.</p><p><b>MATERIALS AND METHODS</b>The study included 388 thyroid nodules from 310 patients who underwent ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). There were 28 focal HT, 27 malignant and 333 other benign nodules. Sonographic features of focal HT nodules on prebiopsy ultrasound were compared with malignant nodules and other benign nodules using multinomial logistic regression adjusting for the correlation between multiple nodules obtained from the same patient.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Most focal HT nodules were purely solid (92.8%), iso-hyperechoic (70.4%), had regular margins (75.0%) and central vascularity (85.7%). Hypoechogenicity (29.6% vs 42.3%; P = 0.017) and microcalcifications (3.6% vs 44.4%; P = 0.003) were significantly less common in focal HT than malignant nodules. None of the focal HT nodules demonstrated marked hypoechogenicity, irregular margins or cervical lymphadenopathy, which are traditionally associated with malignancy. Compared to other benign nodules, focal HT nodules were significantly more likely to be purely solid (92.8% vs 49.0%; P = 0.016), ill-defined (25.0% vs 7.0%; P = 0.004) and lack comet-tail artefacts (92.9% vs 66.1%; P = 0.012), which in combination were 17.9% sensitive and 94.6% specific for focal HT.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Awareness of the above-described sonographic appearances of focal HT may aid in differentiating them from malignant nodules and risk-stratify for FNAB. While there is substantial overlap with other benign nodules, a combination of the above-mentioned 3 ultrasound features is highly specific for focal HT and can prompt further serological evaluation in clinically unsuspected HT.</p>

[Identification of Prepared Rehmannia Root in Different Regions by Using Derivative Synchronous Fluorescence Spectrum].

Three-dimensional synchronous fluorescence spectrum of prepared rehmannia root from different regions were measured and feature parameters were extracted. It can be found that the effective fluorescent compositions of prepared rehmannia root from different regions are similar. The relationships between the spectrum-effect were established. This study can provide reference for clinicaldosage. First order derivative and second order derivative of prepared rehmanniaroot from different regions can be got by programming respectively. Magnifing synchronous emission spectrum of the shoulder strap, the subtle differences of the spectrum can be distinguished and the method, derivative synchronous fluorescence spectrum, to identify different regions of prepared rehmannia root are acquired.

Transsphenoidal microsurgery.

Transsphenoidal microsurgery is a well-established neurosurgical procedure that has become the standard of care in the management of the majority of pituitary tumors and a select group of other sellar lesions. The safety of the procedure depends on the surgeon's adherence to certain anatomic concepts. Foremost among these concepts is the necessity of preserving the integrity of the arachnoid membrane covering the tumor dome and avoiding vascular injuries in the cavernous sinus. The objective of this article is to demonstrate the sequential steps of a transsphenoidal microsurgical procedure for the removal of a pituitary tumor in light of the anatomic concepts discussed, with the goal of preventing complications and achieving the best possible outcome.