Efficacy and Safety of Plerixafor Combined with G-CSF for Autologous Peripheral Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization in Lymphoma Patients / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the efficacy and safety of plerixafor combined with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in mobilizing peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells in patients with lymphoma.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of lymphoma patients who received autologous hematopoietic stem cell mobilization using plerixafor combined with G-CSF from January 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients received 3 kinds of mobilization regimens: front-line steady-state mobilization, preemptive intervention, and recuse mobilization. The acquisition success rate, excellent rate of collection, and incidence of treatment-related adverse reaction were counted. The influence of sex, age, disease remission status, bone marrow involvement at diagnosis, chemotherapy lines, number of chemotherapy, platelet count and number of CD34+ cells on the day before acquisition in peripheral blood on the collection results were analyzed to identify the risk factors associated with poor stem cell collection.@*RESULTS@#A total of 43 patients with lymphoma were enrolled, including 7 cases who received front-line steady-state mobilization, 19 cases who received preemptive intervention, and 17 cases who received recuse mobilization. The overall acquisition success rate was 58.1% (25/43) after use of plerixafor combined with G-CSF, and acquisition success rate of front-line steady-state mobilization, preemptive intervention, and recuse mobilization was 100%, 57.9%(11/19), and 41.2%(7/17), respectively. The excellent rate of collection was 18.6%(8/43). A total of 15 patients experienced mild to moderate treatment-related adverse reactions. The number of CD34+ cells < 5 cells/μl in peripheral blood on the day before collection was an independent risk factor affecting stem cell collection.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Plerixafor combined with G-CSF is a safe and effective mobilization regimen for patients with lymphoma. The number of CD34+ cells in peripheral blood on the day before collection is an predictable index for the evaluation of stem cell collection.

Mechanism of Sijunzi Decoction in treatment of Alzheimer's disease based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS, network pharmacology, and experimental verification / 中国中药杂志

The study identified the blood-entering components of Sijunzi Decoction after gavage administration in rats by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, and investigated the mechanism of Sijunzi Decoction in treating Alzheimer's disease by virtue of network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental verification. The blood-entering components of Sijunzi Decoction were identified based on the mass spectra and data from literature and databases. The potential targets of the above-mentioned blood-entering components in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease were searched against PharmMapper, OMIM, DisGeNET, GeneCards, and TTD. Next, STRING was employed to establish a protein-protein interaction(PPI) network. DAVID was used to perform the Gene Ontology(GO) annotation and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment. Cytoscape 3.9.0 was used to carry out visual analysis. AutoDock Vina and PyMOL were used for molecular docking of the blood-entering components with the potential targets. Finally, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt) signaling pathway enriched by the KEGG analysis was selected for validation by animal experiments. The results showed that 17 blood-entering components were detected in the serum samples after administration. Among them, poricoic acid B, liquiritigenin, atractylenolide Ⅱ, atractylenolide Ⅲ, ginsenoside Rb_1, and glycyrrhizic acid were the key components of Sijunzi Decoction in treating Alzheimer's disease. HSP90AA1, PPARA, SRC, AR, and ESR1 were the main targets for Sijunzi Decoction to treat Alzheimer's disease. Molecular docking showed that the components bound well with the targets. Therefore, we hypothesized that the mechanism of Sijunzi Decoction in treating Alzheimer's disease may be associated with the PI3K/Akt, cancer treatment, and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) signaling pathways. The results of animal experiments showed that Sijunzi Decoction significantly attenuated the neuronal damage in the hippocampal dentate gyrus area, increased the neurons, and raised the ratios of p-Akt/Akt and p-PI3K/PI3K in the hippocampus of mice. In conclusion, Sijunzi Decoction may treat Alzheimer's disease by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The findings of this study provide a reference for further studies about the mechanism of action and clinical application of Sijunzi Decoction.

CUDC-101 as a dual-target inhibitor of EGFR and HDAC enhances the anti-myeloma effects of bortezomib by regulating G2/M cell cycle arrest / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

CUDC-101, an effective and multi-target inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), histone deacetylase (HDAC), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), has been reported to inhibit many kinds of cancers, such as acute promyelocytic leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, no studies have yet investigated whether CUDC-101 is effective against myeloma. Herein, we proved that CUDC-101 effectively inhibits the proliferation of multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines and induces cell apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, CUDC-101 markedly blocked the signaling pathway of EGFR/phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and HDAC, and regulated the cell cycle G2/M arrest. Moreover, we revealed through in vivo experiment that CUDC-101 is a potent anti-myeloma drug. Bortezomib is one of the important drugs in MM treatment, and we investigated whether CUDC-101 has a synergistic or additive effect with bortezomib. The results showed that this drug combination had a synergistic anti-myeloma effect by inducing G2/M phase blockade. Collectively, our findings revealed that CUDC-101 could act on its own or in conjunction with bortezomib, which provides insights into exploring new strategies for MM treatment.

Erector Spinae Plane Block versus Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Abdominal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Regional anesthesia technique has been reported to exert excellent analgesic efficacy for various surgeries. Erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block are good ways to relieve postoperative pain after abdominal surgery. However, the analgesic efficacy between them remains controversial. This meta-analysis evaluated the analgesic effect between these two blocks in abdominal surgery with statistical and clinical interpretation. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov register, and Embase databases were systematically searched by two independent investigators from the inception to December 2021. RESULTS: 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comprising 570 patients were included in the final meta-analysis. Meta-analysis revealed that ESPB decreased the opioid consumption and improved the pain scores during the first 24 postoperative hours compared with TAP groups statistically, while the magnitude of this difference did not reach the clinically significant threshold (10 mg of intravenous morphine consumption and 1.3 cm on the VAS scale). In addition, ESPB prolonged blockade duration and decreased the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). However, it did not improve the patients' satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: Although ESPB does not provide better clinical analgesia than the TAP block, it could be a comparable nerve block technique for abdominal wall analgesia.

HIF-1α-regulated lncRNA-TUG1 promotes mitochondrial dysfunction and pyroptosis by directly binding to FUS in myocardial infarction.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a fatal heart disease that affects millions of lives worldwide each year. This study investigated the roles of HIF-1α/lncRNA-TUG1 in mitochondrial dysfunction and pyroptosis in MI. CCK-8, DHE, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays, and JC-1 staining were performed to measure proliferation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), LDH leakage, and mitochondrial damage in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-treated cardiomyocytes. Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and flow cytometry were used to detect LDH, creatine kinase (CK), and its isoenzyme (CK-MB) levels and caspase-1 activity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), luciferase assay, and RNA-immunoprecipitation (RIP) were used to assess the interaction between HIF-1α, TUG1, and FUS. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used to measure HIF-1α, TUG1 and pyroptosis-related molecules. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE), 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC), and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP risk end labelling (TUNEL) staining were employed to examine the morphology, infarction area, and myocardial injury in the MI mouse model. Mitochondrial dysfunction and pyroptosis were induced in H/R-treated cardiomyocytes, accompanied by an increase in the expression of HIF-α and TUG1. HIF-1α promoted TUG1 expression by directly binding to the TUG1 promoter. TUG1 silencing inhibited H/R-induced ROS production, mitochondrial injury and the expression of the pyroptosis-related proteins NLRP3, caspase-1 and GSDMD. Additionally, H/R elevated FUS levels in cardiomyocytes, which were directly inhibited by TUG1 silencing. Fused in sarcoma (FUS) overexpression reversed the effect of TUG1 silencing on mitochondrial damage and caspase-1 activation. However, the ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC) promoted the protective effect of TUG1 knockdown on H/R-induced cardiomyocyte damage. The in vivo MI model showed increased infarction, myocardial injury, ROS levels and pyroptosis, which were inhibited by TUG1 silencing. HIF-1α targeting upregulated TUG1 promotes mitochondrial damage and cardiomyocyte pyroptosis by combining with FUS, thereby promoting the occurrence of MI. HIF-1α/TUG1/FUS may serve as a potential treatment target for MI.

A ratiometric water-soluble fluorescent probe for the detection of sulfur dioxide derivative in sinusitis mice model.

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) plays an extremely important role in the basic processes of physiology and pathology. As an antioxidant, SO2 can maintain the redox homeostasis in the cell. Excessive inhalation of SO2 would lead to irreparable respiratory damage, resulting in respiratory diseases, neurological disorders, and even cardiovascular disease. Thus, it is urgent to exploit an excellent way to monitor SO2 derivatives in biological system. Herein, we design a water-soluble ratiometric fluorescent probe to fast detect the level of SO2 derivatives in living cells in vivo. The probe displays obvious fluorescence signal at long wavelength, which is helpful for imaging of biological system. After respond to SO2 derivatives, the fluorescence signal at 465 nm increases rapidly due to the Michael addition reaction is triggered, further causing the disruption of large conjugated system. The probe exhibits high selectivity and fast respond to SO2 derivatives, which can be able to sensitive and real-time monitoring of SO2 derivatives level in living cells. Moreover, the probe reveals a low detection limit and a great linear relationship to SO2 derivatives. Based on the negligible cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility of the probe, which is employed to detect exogenous and endogenous SO2 derivatives in living cells. In addition, it is also served as a potential chemical tool to detect SO2 derivatives in mice model of sinusitis.

Personalized surgical effect of labia minora hypertrophy / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To explore an optimal surgical approach for different types of labia minora hypertrophy and to design a better personalized surgical treatment plan for patients.Methods:From October 2017 to October 2020, 71 patients with labia minora hypertrophy were treated in the plastic surgery department of Sichuan Provincial People＇s Hospital, aged 18-38 years, with an average of 26 years. According to the type and degree of hypertrophy, the appropriate surgical method was selected. The wound healing and complications were observed after operation, and the shape of labia minora was followed up.Results:Among the 71 patients, 1 patient had postoperative hematoma and no flap necrosis after active treatment. 1 patient had poor healing of distal labia minora incision and improved after dressing change. The other patients had good blood supply of labia minora, no necrosis, no postoperative infection, hematoma and other complications. The patients were followed up for 1-6 months. The appearance of labia minora was natural, bilateral symmetry, and the incision scar was hidden. The improvement was significant compared with that before operation. The patients were satisfied with the shape and function.Conclusions:According to the degree of hypertrophy of the labia minora, the specific shape and the psychological expectation of patients, we can choose the appropriate operation method, which can achieve the aesthetic standard of symmetry and beautiful shape of the labia minora, and meet the normal physiological function and aesthetic requirements of patients.

Application of orbicularis oculi muscle shaping in lower blepharoplasty / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical application and effect of orbicularis oculi muscle shaping in lower blepharoplasty.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 32 cases of flabby blepharoplasty patients admitted to the Orthopedic Surgery Clinic of Sichuan people＇s Hospital from October 2018 to September 2019. At the same time of transcutaneous blepharoplasty, 32 patients were treated with orbicularis oculi muscle shaping to remove the relaxed orbicularis oculi muscle, to reconstruct the annular strength and shape of the orbicularis oculi muscle, to strengthen the supporting structure of the lower eyelid, to reset the relationship between the external canthus orbicularis muscle and the skin, and then to reconstruct the soft tissue filling degree of the lower eyelid margin. The safety, efficacy and stability of the operation were evaluated by Barton grading, postoperative complications and scoring before and after operation and satisfactory analysis based on patients＇ satisfaction scale after operation.Results:All the patients were free of postoperative infection and healed at stage I. There were 2 cases of ecchymosis, 3 cases of ocular foreign body sensation, and no cases of infection, lower eyelid retraction, lower eyelid ectropion, or retrobulbous hematoma. The mean Barton score of all patients before surgery was 1.88±0.49, and the mean Barton score after surgery was 0.53±0.51. The t-test showed that the difference was statistically significant ( t=15.75, P<0.05), and the postoperative lacrimal groove deformity was improved. According to the score of satisfaction scale, 7 people were basically satisfied (21.88%) and 25 people were very satisfied (78.12%). Conclusions:Forming in the orbicularis oculi muscle relaxation eyelid bag type of prosthesis, in addition to the part of the orbicularis oculi muscle relaxation, deformation, and widely shed canthus outside skin and orbicularis connection, make the next eyelid edge to reproduce the full shape, obviously the bulging under the eyelid relaxation, the shape of the degree of repair, lateral canthus wrinkles tail department have also improven, restoring the full eyelid platform. The operation has strong pertinence, simple procedures, less complications and better long-term effect.

Efficacy of tissue gradient difference principle in repairing over-wide eyelid fold after double eyelid plasty / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of the principle of tissue gradient difference in repairing the over wide eyelid fold after double eyelid operation by incision.Methods:From July 2019 to July 2020, we applied the principle of tissue gradient difference to 30 cases (a total of 60 eyes; age ranging 20-35 years with mean 30) of female patients with excessively wide eyelids after incision double eyelid surgery needing a repair. All cases were from the Plastic Surgery Department of Sichuan Provincial People＇s Hospital. The difference in tissue gradient was manifested as the difference in thickness, texture and tension of soft tissues such as the skin above and below the double eyelid line and the orbicularis oculi muscle.Results:Satisfactory evaluation results showed in a total of 30 patients with 60 eyes, 95.0% ( n=57) were satisfied, and 5.0% ( n=3) were dissatisfied. Two of the patients received the second repair due to the inconsistency of the double eyelid width after correction. One patient obtained satisfactory double eyelid morphology after the second repair, and the other patient obtained satisfactory double eyelid morphology after the third repair. Evaluation results of double eyelid morphology showed that it obeyed a normal distribution by analyzing the difference between preoperative and postoperative double eyelid morphology scores. The results of paired t test showed that the double eyelid morphology was significantly improved 6 months after operation compared with preoperative, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=15.86, P<0.01). Conclusions:The principle of tissue gradient difference guides the repair of double eyelid width that is simple and easy, the effect is good, and it is worth applying.

Current status and research progress of POCT-based detection technology for 2019-nCoV / 中华检验医学杂志

In view of the significant changes in the prevention and control of COVID-19 at home and abroad, "external prevention of importation and internal prevention of rebound" has become the focus of prevention and control of the epidemic in China. Due to the limitation of testing sites, equipment and reaction time, traditional detection methods cannot meet the needs of real-time and rapid detection of 2019-nCoV. Point-of-care testing (POCT) is rapid, portable and flexible. It plays an increasingly important role in the rapid detection and screening of 2019-nCoV. Here, we review the current status and research progress of POCT for 2019-nCoV in terms of antigens, specific antibodies and nucleic acids, in order to provide reference for epidemic prevention and control and clinical management.

Prediction of Q-markers of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium volatile oil and GC-MS based quantitative analysis / 中国中药杂志

This study was designed to predict the Q-markers of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium volatile oil and conduct quantitative analysis by GC-MS. The common components of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium volatile oil were detected by GC-MS. The network pharmacology approaches were utilized for constructing the component-target network and protein-protein interaction(PPI) network, followed by the GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis to clarify the pharmacological effects of common components. Molecular docking was conducted to observe the biological activities of common components, thus identifying the Q-markers of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium volatile oil. The obtained Q-markers were subjected to quantitative analysis by GC-MS. The GC-MS analysis of 19 batches of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium volatile oil revealed three common components, namely, D-limonene, γ-terpinene, and myrcene. The common components were analyzed based on network pharmacology, and the results showed that Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium volatile oil mainly acted on the core targets GABRA1, GABRA6, GABRA5, GABRA3, and GABRA2 through D-limonene and γ-terpinene, with five important pathways such as nicotine addiction and GABAergic synapse involved. The core targets were mainly distributed in olfactory region, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, basal ganglia, hippocampus, and amygdala to exert the pharmacological effects. As revealed by molecular docking, D-limonene and γ-terpinene exhibited good biological activities, so they were identified as the Q-markers of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium volatile oil. The results of quantitative analysis showed that the volume fraction of D-limonene was within the range of 0.77-1.03 μL·mL~(-1), and that of γ-terpinene within the range of 0.04-0.13 μL·mL~(-1). The prediction of D-limonene and γ-terpinene as the Q-markers of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium volatile oil has laid an experimental foundation for the establishment of the quality evaluation standard for Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium volatile oil.

Effect of Three Chinese Herbs Processed with Different Proportions of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma on Pharmacokinetics of Dapsone in Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To investigate the processing purpose of Morindae Officinalis Radix (MO), Euodiae Fructus (EF) and Polygalae Radix (PR) processed by Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gly). Method::The content of dapsone in rat plasma was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the mobile phase was acetonitrile (A)-water (B) for gradient elution (0-5 min, 10%-25%A; 5-20 min, 25%A) and detection wavelength was set at 292 nm. PK Solution 2.0 software was used to simulate pharmacokinetic parameters. Result::Within 300 min after dapsone was administrated, compared with the control (CTL) group, the elimination of dapsone was slowed down and its plasma concentration was increased in the unprocessed product of MO (UMO) group. The elimination of dapsone was accelerated and its peak concentration (Cmax) was decreased in the processed products of MO with Gly (GMO) groups, and they had positive correlation with proportion of Gly in GMO. Compared with the CTL group, the elimination of dapsone was slowed down, and its plasma concentration was increased and its peak time (Tmax) was postponed in the unprocessed product of EF (UEF) group, while their Cmax and Tmax were changed in the processed products of EF with Gly (GEF) groups. Compared with the CTL group, the elimination of dapsone was slowed down and its plasma concentration was increased in the unprocessed product of PR (UPR) group, while the elimination was accelerated and its plasma concentration was decreased in the processed products of PR with Gly (GPR) groups. Conclusion::The elimination of dapsone is slowed down in rats administered with UMO, UEF and UPR, while its elimination is accelerated in rats administered with the processed products of these three herbs with different proportions of Gly. Among the proportions, effect of processed products of these three herbs with 100∶6 (ratio of unprocessed product-Gly) on pharmacokinetics of dapsone is not significant.

Circulating tumor cell detection approaching to clinical application / 中华检验医学杂志

As "seeds" of tumor metastasis, circulating tumor cell (CTC) has important clinical application value in early diagnosis, immunotherapy and prognosis evaluation of tumors. With a deep understanding of CTC, its applied research has switched from cell enumeration to the molecular typing and single-cell sequencing. However, the standardization of CTC detection is still at a primary stage, opportunities and challenges coexist. This paper will review the current status and challenges in clinical applications of CTC detection, and make some suggestions for future development.

How are MCPIP1 and cytokines mutually regulated in cancer-related immunity?

Cytokines are secreted by various cell types and act as critical mediators in many physiological processes, including immune response and tumor progression. Cytokines production is precisely and timely regulated by multiple mechanisms at different levels, ranging from transcriptional to post-transcriptional and posttranslational processes. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 induced protein 1 (MCPIP1), a potent immunosuppressive protein, was first described as a transcription factor in monocytes treated with monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and subsequently found to possess intrinsic RNase and deubiquitinase activities. MCPIP1 tightly regulates cytokines expression via various functions. Furthermore, cytokines such as interleukin 1 beta (IL-1B) and MCP-1 and inflammatory cytokines inducer lipopolysaccharide (LPS) strongly induce MCPIP1 expression. Mutually regulated MCPIP1 and cytokines form a complicated network in the tumor environment. In this review, we summarize how MCPIP1 and cytokines reciprocally interact and elucidate the effect of the network formed by these components in cancer-related immunity with aim of exploring potential clinical benefits of their mutual regulation.

Circulating tumor cell detection approaching to clinical application / 中华检验医学杂志

As "seeds" of tumor metastasis, circulating tumor cell (CTC) has important clinical application value in early diagnosis, immunotherapy and prognosis evaluation of tumors. With a deep understanding of CTC, its applied research has switched from cell enumeration to the molecular typing and single-cell sequencing. However, the standardization of CTC detection is still at a primary stage, opportunities and challenges coexist. This paper will review the current status and challenges in clinical applications of CTC detection, and make some suggestions for future development.

Effects and pathophysiological significance of intestinal flora on the enteric neuro-endocrine-immune system / 生理学报

Interactions among the nervous, the endocrine and the immune systems enable the gut to respond to the dietary products, pathogens and microbiota, which maintains the homeostasis of the body. However, dysbiosis may induce or aggravate the gastrointestinal (GI) and extra-GI diseases through changing the activities of enteric nervous system (ENS), enteroendocrine cells and enteric immune cells. Here we review recent advances in the understandings on how intestinal flora may impact the enteric neuro-endocrine-immune system in the gut, thereby contributing to the regulation of pathophysiological processes.

Effect of Wuzi Yanzong Fang in Promoting Spermatogonial Stem Cells Proliferation in Aging Rats by Regulating miR-let-7-Imp Axis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To explore the effect and mechanism of Wuzi Yanzong Fang (WZ) on proliferation of spermatogonial stem cells in aging rats by regulating miR-let-7-Imp axis.Method: A total of 40 18-month-old male SD rats were randomly divided into aging model group, and low, middle and high-dose WZ groups, with 10 rats in each group. Ten 2-month old rats were used as young control group. Low, middle and high-dose WZ groups were given by gastric WZ 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 g·kg-1 respectively. Young control group and aging model group were given normal saline for 4 months, which was suspended for 2 days every week. Rats were put to death after the final treatment with WZ, and then the testes were quickly removed from rats. The relative mRNA expression levels of miR-let-7 and Imp were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR). The expressions and localization of p-JAK2/JAK2, phosphate(p)-signal transduction and transcriptional activators3 (STAT3)/STAT3 signaling pathway proteins were detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence. The numbers of spermatogonial stem cells and the expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were detected by immunofluorescence. The testicular tissue morphology was observed using htoxylin eosin (HE) staining.Result: Compared with young control group, the expression levels of miR-let-7 mRNA were significantly increased, while the expression levels of Imp mRNA were decreased in the aging model group(PPPPPPPConclusion: WZ effectively promote the proliferation of spermatogonial stem cells by regulating miR-let-7-imp axis in testis.

Analysis of independent risk factors for early castrate-resistant after endocrine therapy in elderly patients with prostate cancer / 解放军医学杂志

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the independent risk factors for castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) after conservative endocrine therapy in elderly prostate cancer patients. Methods Totally 90 elderly prostate cancer patients undergoing endocrine therapy from July 2013 to July 2015 were included into this study as research objects. The basic data and pathological, and laboratory indexes were collected from them. The incidence of CRPC in 2 years after discharge was recorded by follow-up, the Cox risk regression model was used to analyze the high-risk factors of CRPC. The application value of the risk factors to predict CRPC were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve and the exponential equation was established to predict the occurrence of CRPC in elderly patients with prostate cancer for 2 years. Results Totally 90 patients were followed up for 24 months in average, of whom 2 cases were lost to follow-up, 26 developed CRPC, the incidence of CRPC was 29.55%. The Cox risk regression model showed that T stage (OR=3.823, 95%CI 2.137-6.839, P<0.001), Gleason score (OR=8.045, 95%CI 3.501-18.487, P<0.001), prostatic specific antigen (PSA) (OR=2.983, 95%CI 1.407-6.324, P=0.004) and prostate cancer gene 3 (PCA3) (OR=1.998, 95%CI 1.263-3.161, P=0.003) were the independent risk factors for prostate cancer progressing to early CRPC in elderly prostate cancer patients. The exponential equation for predicting CRPC model was 0.367X1+0.642X2+0.409X3 +0.815X4 according to the results of multivariate analysis (X1: T stage, X2: Gleason score, X3: PSA value, X4: PCA3 value), the AUC was 0.855 (β=0.056, 95%CI 0.745-0.965, P<0.001). The sensitivity was 0.919, the specificity 0.857, the Youden index 0.776, and the corresponding index of prognosis 1.325. Conclusion The T stage, Gleason score, PSA and PCA3 are independent risk factors for prostate cancer progressing to CRPC after endocrine therapy in elderly prostate cancer patients, can be used comprehensively to establish a model of predicting CRPC for improving the accuracy of judgments.

[Protective effect of Wuzi Yanzong recipe on testicular DNA damage and apoptosis in natural ageing rats].

To study the protective effect of Wuzi Yanzong recipe on testicular DNA damage and apoptosis in natural ageing rats, SPF grade 16-month-old SD male rats were randomly divided into three groups: ageing model group, low and high dose Wuzi Yanzong recipe groups (WZ, 1， 4 g·kg⁻¹). In addition, 2-month-old SD rats were used as adult control group (10 rats in each group). The ageing model group and the adult control group were fed with normal diet for 4 months. Wuzi Yanzong groups received medicated feed for 4 months. After fasting for 12 hours, the rats were sacrificed. Then testis tissues were taken and weighed to calculate the testis index. The change of testicular tissue morphology was observed by HE staining. Expression and localization of DNA damage-associated protein ATR were observed by immunofluorescence. The expressions of DNA damage-related proteins γ-H2AX, Chk1, p-p53 and apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax in testes were detected by Western blot. The apoptosis of testis tissue in rats was detected by using TUNEL. The results showed that as compared with the youth control group, the protein expression levels of γ-H2AX, Chk1, p-p53 and Bax were significantly increased while Bcl-2 protein expression level was significantly decreased intestis tissues of ageing model group. Wuzi Yanzong recipe significantly decreased protein expression levels of γ-H2AX, Chk1, p-p53 and Bax and increased Bcl-2 protein expression level as well as Bcl-2/Bax ratio. Immunofluorescence results showed that Wuzi Yanzong recipe could significantly decrease the ageing-induced ATR, increase in testis tissues. TUNEL results showed that Wuzi Yanzong recipe could significantly attenuate the germ cell apoptosis in testicular tissues. All the above results suggest that Wuzi Yanzong recipe could protect the germ cell in testicular tissues of natural ageing rates from DNA damage and apoptosis, and the mechanism may be associated with regulating p53 signaling pathway.

Wire rope tension control of hoisting systems using a robust nonlinear adaptive backstepping control scheme.

This paper concerns wire rope tension control of a double-rope winding hoisting system (DRWHS), which consists of a hoisting system employed to realize a transportation function and an electro-hydraulic servo system utilized to adjust wire rope tensions. A dynamic model of the DRWHS is developed in which parameter uncertainties and external disturbances are considered. A comparison between simulation results using the dynamic model and experimental results using a double-rope winding hoisting experimental system is given in order to demonstrate accuracy of the dynamic model. In order to improve the wire rope tension coordination control performance of the DRWHS, a robust nonlinear adaptive backstepping controller (RNABC) combined with a nonlinear disturbance observer (NDO) is proposed. Main features of the proposed combined controller are: (1) using the RNABC to adjust wire rope tensions with consideration of parameter uncertainties, whose parameters are designed online by adaptive laws derived from Lyapunov stability theory to guarantee the control performance and stability of the closed-loop system; and (2) introducing the NDO to deal with uncertain external disturbances. In order to demonstrate feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed controller, experimental studies have been conducted on the DRWHS controlled by an xPC rapid prototyping system. Experimental results verify that the proposed controller exhibits excellent performance on wire rope tension coordination control compared with a conventional proportional-integral (PI) controller and adaptive backstepping controller.