Agreements between GLIM using left calf circumference as criterion for reduced muscle mass and PG-SGA, and GLIM using ASMI for the diagnosis of malnutrition in gastric cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE: this study aimed to explore the agreements between the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) using left calf circumference (CC) as criterion for reduced muscle mass and the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), or GLIM using appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) for the diagnosis of malnutrition in gastric cancer patients. METHODS: the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) was used as nutritional risk screening. PG-SGA and GLIM were applied for malnutrition diagnosis. Agreements were evaluated by Kappa, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS: a total of 405 gastric cancer patients were included. The values of Kappa, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy and AUC were 0.463, 67.9 %, 87.3 %, 92.9 %, 52.8 %, 73.6 % and 0.776, and 0.496, 76.7 %, 78.0 %, 89.4 %, 57.9 %, 77.0 % and 0.773, respectively, between GLIM using CC with or without NRS 2002 and PG-SGA. All values of agreement were higher than 0.800 or 80.0 % between GLIM using left CC and GLIM using ASMI. CONCLUSION: the agreements were both acceptable between GLIM using left CC and PG-SGA, and GLIM using ASMI. Left calf circumference can be one of the credible references indicating a reduced muscle mass in patients with gastric cancer.

Association of the rs3917647 polymorphism of the SELP gene with malnutrition in gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition and cachexia are common syndromes in patients with gastric cancer (GC) and are associated with poor quality of life and poor disease prognosis. However, there is still a lack of molecular factors that can predict malnutrition or cachexia in cancer. Studies have shown that among the potential contributors to the development of cancer cachexia, the level of the inflammatory response to P-selectin is regulated by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the promoter region of the SELP gene. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-2028 A/G of the SELP gene and malnutrition in patients receiving chemotherapy for gastric cancer (GC). METHODS: The study group consisted of 220 GC patients treated with chemotherapy at Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital. DNA was extracted from peripheral leukocytes of whole blood samples using an animal DNA extraction kit. DNA was amplified using a 1.1 × T3 Super PCR mix, and loci corresponding to the peaks were genotyped using SNP1 software. RESULTS: Patients carrying the A allele had a reduced risk of developing malnutrition compared to patients with the GG genotype (P < 0.001; OR = 3.411; 95% CI = 1.785-6.516). In addition, multivariate analysis indicated that the AA genotype significantly (more than 16-fold) reduced the risk of developing malnutrition (P < 0.001; OR = 0.062; 95% CI = 0.015-0.255). CONCLUSION: SELP -2028A/G SNP may be a useful marker for assessing the risk of malnutrition in GC patients.

An improved approach of totally visceral sac separation (TVS) for incisional hernia compared with laparoscopic intraperitoneal onlay mesh plus repair (IPOM plus).

Endoscopic techniques have been widely used in ventral hernia surgery. Totally visceral sac separation (TVS) is a new concept proposed for hernia repair in recent years. The aim of this study was to contrast the postoperative results of TVS with the widely used method of Laparoscopic intraperitoneal onlay mesh plus repair (IPOM plus) for incisional hernias. The retrospective comparison analysis of 38 IPOM plus and 34 TVS was conducted during the time period between December 2019 and June 2022. For both two groups, baseline characteristics, surgical records, postoperative information, and quality of life outcomes utilizing the Carolina's Comfort Scale were collected and analyzed. There were no differences between the methods of TVS and IPOM plus among the baseline characteristics. It showed the operative time in TVS group with the mean time of 213.4 min was significantly longer than that in IPOM plus group with the mean time of 182.9 min (P = 0.010). The postoperative length of stay in TVS group was 6.2 days, which was significantly shorter than IPOM plus group with the mean time of 4.8 days (P = 0.011). The medical expenses was significantly smaller in TVS group than that in IPOM plus group (P < 0.001). The quality of life scores of TVS were significant better than IPOM plus at one week, one month and six months. Besides, both TVS and IPOM plus have very few complications. TVS approach for incisional hernias is secure, effective, and valuable. It has shorter postoperative length of stay, higher quality of life, longer operative time, smaller medical expenses, and approximate complications compared with IPOM plus procedure. Our results have a greater contribution to the application and popularization of TVS technique.

TNF-α-1031T/C gene polymorphism as a predictor of malnutrition in patients with gastric cancer.

Introduction: Malnutrition is a complex clinical syndrome, the exact mechanism of which is yet not fully understood. Studies have found that malnutrition is associated with anorexia and inadequate intake, tumor depletion, leptin, tumor-induced metabolic abnormalities in the body, and catabolic factors produced by the tumor in the circulation and cytokines produced by the host immune system. Among these, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are present in the gene encoding the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate TNF-α -1,031 T/C gene polymorphism as an unfavorable predictor of malnutrition in patients with gastric cancer. Methods: The study group consisted of 220 gastric cancer patients treated at Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Malnutrition was mainly assessed by the Global Consensus on Malnutrition Diagnostic Criteria (GLIM). DNA was extracted from peripheral leukocytes of whole blood samples using an animal DNA extraction kit. DNA was amplified using a 1.1× T3 Super PCR mixture and genotyped using SNP1 software. Results: There are three major genetic polymorphisms in TNF-α. Among the 220 patients with gastric cancer, there were 7 patients with the CC genotype, 61 with the CT genotype and 152 with the TT genotype. Compared to patients with the TT genotype, patients with the C allele had an approximately 2.5-fold higher risk of developing malnutrition (p = 0.003; OR = 0.406). On the basis of multivariate analysis, patients with the CC genotype had an approximately 20.1-fold higher risk of developing malnutrition (p = 0.013; OR = 20.114), while those with the CT genotype had an almost 3.7-fold higher risk of malnutrition (p = 0.002; OR = 3.218). Conclusion: SNP (-1,031 T/C) of the TNF-α may be a useful marker in the assessment of the risk of nutritional deficiencies in gastric cancer patients. Patients with gastric cancer carrying the C allele should be supported by early nutritional intervention, but more research is still needed to explore confirmation.

Proteomics and bioinformatics analysis of Fasciola hepatica somatic proteome in different growth phases.

Fasciola hepatica (F. hepatica) is a well-known zoonotic parasite that is crucial for economic and public health worldwide. Quantitative proteomics studies have been performed on proteins expressed by F. hepatica to investigate the differential expression of proteomes in different growth phases. And the screening of several marker proteins for use as early diagnostic antigens is essential. In this study, high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was conducted to analyze the differences in the expression of F. hepatica somatic proteins in different growth phases. Furthermore, gene ontology (GO) functional annotation, KEGG metabolic pathway, and clustering analyses were also performed. LC-MS/MS identified 629, 2286, 2254, and 2192 proteins in metacercariae, juvenile flukes 28dpi, immature flukes 59dpi, and adult phases, respectively. GO analysis revealed that differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were mainly involved in transport, localization, metabolism, enzyme regulation, protein folding and binding, and nucleoside and nucleotide binding. The DEPs were enriched in cells, intracellular components, organelles, cytoplasm, vesicles, and membranes. KEGG pathway annotation results showed that the DEPs were involved in metabolism, genetic information processing, environmental information processing, cellular processes, organismal systems, and other processes. These findings provide a theoretical basis for vaccine development and establishing early diagnostic methods in the future.