Socioeconomic status moderates the association between patient satisfaction with community health service and self-management behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional survey in China.

The objective of this study was to examine the association between patient satisfaction with community health service (CHS) and self-management behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).In all, 1691 patients with T2DM from 8 community health centers in 5 provinces in China participated in the present study. The dependent variables included 4 measures of self-management behaviors: regular self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), prescribed medication adherence, recommended dietary changes, and regular exercise. The independent variable was patient satisfaction with CHS. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to examine the association between patient satisfaction with CHS and self-management behaviors.The mean satisfaction score in the participants was 3.14 (out of a maximum of 5). After adjusting for covariates including demographic factors, health status, health knowledge, and socioeconomic status (SES), diabetic patients with high CHS satisfaction had better medication adherence (odds ratio [OR] 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.55), increased exercise management (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.06-1.35), and more SMBG (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.03-1.32); all these associations varied across SES groups. The association between satisfaction and medication adherence was significant among participants younger than 65 years with lower education (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.37-3.37), income (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.13-2.32), and lower-status occupations (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.16-2.47). Among participants younger than 65 years and had lower education attainment, the association between satisfaction and diet management was observed. There were positive associations between satisfaction and regular exercise among subgroups of participants younger than 65 years, except for lower education group. A significant association between satisfaction and SMBG among participants ≥65 years old, who also had lower SES and higher-status occupations, was also observed.The study findings suggested that T2DM patient satisfaction with CHS was moderate. High satisfaction with CHS indicated better medication adherence, exercise management, and SMBG, and these associations varied by SES.

Prevalence of Anemia and its Risk Factors among Children under 36 Months Old in China.

This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and sociodemographic factors of anemia in children <36 months old in China. In this study, data of 24 235 children were investigated from 32 primary health care (PHC) facilities in 11 province-level regions. Pearson χ2-test and logistic regression model were used to estimate potential risk factors associated with anemia. The overall prevalence of anemia was 24.4%, and 32.8% children from rural areas were anemic, but no statistically significant difference was observed between male and female. Predictors of anemia are different regions of China, cesarean delivery, premature birth and neonatal asphyxia. We also found that education level and income of children's parents are important determinants of childhood anemia. In additional, feeding practice would affect anemia among children aged 6-12 months. Our results could provide some insights for prevention and control of childhood anemia in PHC facilities.