Impact of different anastomosis methods on post-recurrence after intestinal resection for Crohn's disease: A meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, often requiring intestinal resection as a common treatment. However, recurrence after surgery is common. The anastomotic configuration after bowel resection appears to be associated with the recurrence of CD. Previous studies have suggested that the Kono-S anastomosis may help to reduce the recurrence rate. However, the results remain controversial. Therefore, evidence-based evidence is needed to prove the advantages of Kono-S anastomosis. AIM: To measure the influence of anastomosis techniques on the long-term relapse rate of CD by conducting a meta-analysis. METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were searched until October 8, 2023. Patients who underwent intestinal resection due to CD were included. The intervention measures included Kono-S anastomosis, whereas the control group received traditional anastomosis such as end-to-end, end-to-side, and side-to-side anastomosis. Only randomized clinical trials and observational studies were included. The primary outcome measures were hospital stay post-surgery, overall postoperative complication incidence, the proportion of Clavien-Dindo grade IIIa or higher, overall postoperative recurrence rate, and Rutgeerts score. RESULTS: From 2011 to 2023, six articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results indicated that Kono-S anastomosis can reduce the hospital stay post-surgery of patients with CD [MD = -0.26, 95%CI: -0.42 to -0.10, P = 0.002] than other traditional anastomosis methods. Compared to other traditional anastomosis methods, Kono-S anastomosis can significantly reduce the total recurrence rate [MD = 0.40, 95%CI: 0.17 to 0.98, P = 0.05] and postoperative Rutgeerts score [MD = -0.81, 95%CI: -0.96 to -0.66, P < 0.001] in patients with CD. However, there is no significant disparity in the overall occurrence of postoperative complications and the proportion of Clavien-Dindo ≥ IIIa. CONCLUSION: Kono-S anastomosis has the potential to expedite the recuperation of CD and diminish relapse hazards; however, additional larger trials are necessary to authenticate its effectiveness.

T helper 17 (Th17) cell responses to the gut microbiota in human diseases.

The gut microbiota colonizing the gastrointestinal tract, is an indispensable "invisible organ" that affects multiple aspects of human health. The gut microbial community has been assumed to be an important stimulus to the immune homeostasis and development, and increasing data support the role of the gut microbiota-immunity axis in autoimmune diseases. Host's immune system requires recognition tools to communicate with the gut microbial evolutionary partners. Among these microbial perceptions, T cells enable the widest spectrum of gut microbial recognition resolution. Specific gut microbiota direct the induction and differentiation of Th17 cells in intestine. However, the detailed links between the gut microbiota and Th17 cells have not been well established. In this review, we describe the generation and characterization of Th17 cells. Notably, we discuss the induction and differentiation of Th17 cells by the gut microbiota and their metabolites, as well as recent advances in our understanding of interactions between Th17 cells and the gut microbiota in human diseases. In addition, we provide the emerging evidences in support of interventions targeting the gut microbes/Th17 cells in human diseases.

[Spatial-temporal Distribution and Evolution Characteristics of Air Pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region Based on Long-term "Ground-Satellite" Data].

This study aimed to promote the coordinated development of regional social economy and ecological environment, build a better living environment, accurately prevent and control pollution, and carry out in-depth surveys and general surveys of air pollution in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei. Based on 6 years (June 2014 to December 2019) of ground environmental observation data and satellite data from 2000 to 2019, the distribution characteristics and evolution trend of air pollution in different time and spatial scales were analyzed. The results showed that:① according to the daily average concentration of PM2.5 at the sites, the pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region showed the characteristics of more days, heavy levels, and overall improvement. Pollution mainly occurred from October to April of the following year, accounting for nearly half a year. The pollution level of PM2.5 was the best at Zhangjiakou, followed by Qinhuangdao. ② Based on the 20-year average PM2.5 annual average concentration data retrieved from satellites, the PM2.5 concentration presented a spatial distribution characteristic in which that in the plains was higher than that in mountain area, and PM2.5 concentration in the city was higher than that in the suburbs. PM2.5 concentration changed with time, showing a four-stage bimodal structure of "M"-type evolution characteristics, which gradually increased starting in 2000; the first peak appeared in 2006 and gradually decreased from 2007 to 2012. It rose sharply to the second peak in 2013 and then decreased yearly until 2017. ③ The monthly average AOT data based on satellites every 10 years indicated that the value of AOT in the first time period (2000-2009) was larger than that in the same month of the second time period (2010-2019). The maximum value was in July, and the minimum value was in December. The monthly average AOT in Zhangjiakou and Chengde changed slightly over the past 20 years, and the seasonal and spatial differences were significant in the plain area. ④ Judging from the daily average value of O3-8h observed at the stations, good levels of O3-8h concentrations in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area occurred frequently and widely from March to October. There were at least seven instances of light pollution levels, and the moderate pollution levels and above were not observed. ⑤ The daily average value of SO2 observed on the ground showed that there was no light pollution or above; the good pollution level occurred in winter, and most appeared in the form of pollution for several consecutive days. ⑥ The analysis of AQI data revealed that from 2015 to 2019, the proportion of AQI excellent grades in Beijing increased from 27% to 38%, and the proportion of Tianjin AQI good grades increased from 44% to 64%. The highest proportion of Handan AQI superior grades appeared in 2016, accounting for only 9%. ⑦ The 20-year monthly average concentration of SO2 data based on satellites showed that high-value areas were in Handan, Xingtai, and Shijiazhuang, and low-value areas were in Zhangjiakou and Chengde. The 20-year average NO2 data showed that the high-value centers were in Beijing, Tianjin, Tangshan, Handan, Xingtai, and Shijiazhuang.

Targeting Gut Microbiota With Natural Polysaccharides: Effective Interventions Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Diseases.

Unhealthy diet, in particular high-fat diet (HFD) intake, can cause the development of several metabolic disorders, including obesity, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and metabolic syndrome (MetS). These popular metabolic diseases reduce the quality of life, and induce premature death worldwide. Evidence is accumulating that the gut microbiota is inextricably associated with HFD-induced metabolic disorders, and dietary intervention of gut microbiota is an effective therapeutic strategy for these metabolic dysfunctions. Polysaccharides are polymeric carbohydrate macromolecules and sources of fermentable dietary fiber that exhibit biological activities in the prevention and treatment of HFD-induced metabolic diseases. Of note, natural polysaccharides are among the most potent modulators of the gut microbiota composition. However, the prebiotics-like effects of polysaccharides in treating HFD-induced metabolic diseases remain elusive. In this review, we introduce the critical role of gut microbiota human health and HFD-induced metabolic disorders. Importantly, we review current knowledge about the role of natural polysaccharides in improving HFD-induced metabolic diseases by regulating gut microbiota.

UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS Based Metabolic Profiling of Protosappanin B in Rat Plasma, Bile, Feces, Urine and Intestinal Bacteria Samples.

BACKGROUND: Caesalpinia sappan L. is a traditional medicinal plant that is used to promote blood circulation and treat stroke in China. Protosappanin B (PTB) is a unique homoisoflavone compound isolated from Sappan Lignum (the heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan L). In a previous study, the metabolic fate of PTB remained unknown. OBJECTIVE: To explore whether PTB is extensively metabolized, the metabolites of PTB in bile, plasma, urine, feces, and intestinal bacteria samples in rats were investigated. METHODS: The biosamples were investigated by ultraperformance liquid chromatography combined with time-offlight mass spectrometry (UPLC-TOF-MS/MS) with MetabolitePilot software. RESULTS: 28 metabolites were identified in the biosamples: 18 metabolites in rat bile, 8 in plasma, 20 in feces, 7 in urine and 2 in intestinal bacteria samples. Both phase I and phase II metabolites were observed. Metabolite conversion occurred via 9 proposed pathways: sulfate conjugation, glucuronide conjugation, bis-glucuronide conjugation, glucose conjugation, dehydration, oxidation, hydrolysis, methylation and hydroxymethylene loss. The metabolic pathways differed among biosamples and exhibited different distributions. Among these pathways, the most important was sulfate and glucuronide conjugation. CONCLUSION: The results showed that the small intestinal and biliary routes play an important role in the clearance and excretion of PTB. The main sites of metabolism in the PTB chemical structure were the phenolic hydroxyl and the side-chains on the eight-element ring.

Iridium-catalyzed regioselective C-H sulfonamidation of 1,2,4-thiadiazoles with sulfonyl azides in water.

We have developed a regioselective C-N cross-coupling of 1,2,4-thiadiazoles with sulfonyl azides through iridium catalysis in water. This method tactically linked the 1,2,4-thiadiazoles and sulfonamides together, and the novel molecules increased the diversity of 1,2,4-thiadiazoles which may have potential applications.

Comprehensive evaluation of NAODESHENG by combining UPLC quantitative fingerprint and antioxidant activity.

The screening of marker compound is of great significance to the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). One approach which combines fingerprint and biological evaluation has developed rapidly. Multi-wavelength fusion fingerprints and antioxidant activity screening are integrated in this study to evaluate the quality of NAODESHENG. Characteristic multiwavelength fusion fingerprints of 14 batches of samples were generated at five different wavelengths and evaluated by quantitative fingerprinting with ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). In the quantitative fingerprinting method, 21 components in NAODESHENG were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by external standard method. The antioxidant activities of these 21 components was determined by pre-column antioxidant activity test. Multivariate statistical methods such as hierarchical clustering analysis and principal component analysis(PCA) was used to reduce the dimensions and variables from a large number of original data to screening marker compound with bioactivity. Based on the above results, it is suggested that 3'-Methoxy Puerarin and 11 other components should be used as the quality marker of NAODESHENG. This study demonstrates the feasibility of multi-wavelength fusion fingerprinting combined with antioxidant activity analysis, which associates quality control with bioactivity, providing a reliable and efficient method for quantitative assessment of TCM quality consistency.

[Characteristics of Spatial and Temporal Evolution and Investigation of Air Pollution in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Based on Ground-Space Observation Data].

The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics, evolution trend and potential climatic effects of air pollution in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) were analyzed on different time scales and spatial spaces, based on ground environment observation data from June 2014 to December 2018 and satellite remote sensing inversion products from 2000 to 2018. The results show that:① From the in-situ observed daily average concentration of PM2.5, good or mild to moderate pollution occurred in January, February, October, November, and December every year, and the rest of the time was excellent. ② Based on the annual average PM2.5 concentration obtained by satellite for the past 20 years, the spatial characteristics showed that the external radiation is centered on Guangzhou and Foshan. The time evolution shows the characteristics of an Ω shape, which increases gradually from 2000 to 2009, is highest in 2008, and then gradually decreases. ③ The monthly average aerosol optical thickness (AOT) value from the Multi-angle Imaging Spectro Radiometer satellite reversion every 10 years for a period (2000-2009 for a period, 2010-2018 for a period) was used to see the monthly variation. The monthly average AOT value in the first period was larger than that in the second period of the same month, the maximum value was in March and April, and the minimum value was in November and December. It is envisaged to draw a line along the north-south direction of the Pearl River Port, which basically shows that the AOT value in the west is greater than that in the east. ④ According to the observed daily average concentration data of O3-8h, the main concentration level of O3-8h in the GBA is excellent. The cities with good ozone concentration were most numerous in 2014, with five cities, and least in 2018, with only one city. The highest ozone concentration was in September, followed by June and November, and then May and July. In the past 20 years, the spatial distribution of the average concentration of O3 monitored by satellite remote sensing showed a characteristic Ω shape, increasing initially and then decreasing. The maximum value was in May, and the north-south boundary line appeared in space. ⑤ There is a good linear relationship between the interannual variation of monthly mean temperature and radiation, whereas the relationship between AOT and radiation cannot be described by a simple linear relationship.

Oleic acid promotes cell invasion through an integrin-linked kinase signaling pathway in renal cell carcinoma.

The change of fatty acid composition has been regarded as an indicator of altered lipid metabolism during human tumourigenesis, but the details are still unclear. We have previously demonstrated a monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) named oleic acid (OA) was involved in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell growth, as an extracellular signaling molecule to regulate 786-O cell proliferation via the integrin-linked kinase (ILK) pathway. In this study, we further observe the effects of OA on cell invasion of RCC and the potential mechanism by which OA worked was determined. The transwell invasion assay showed OA increased cell invasion of RCC in a dose-dependent manner. Western blotting results indicated ILK, COX-2, and MMP-9 proteins were involved for their high expressions and these effects were reversed when down-regulating the expression of ILK by special siRNA. The MMPs inhibitor GM6001 could weaken the abilities of OA on RCC cells invasion. These results suggested MUFA indeed affected cell invasion of RCC, which was depended by the regulation of ILK pathway.

[Research on the Pollution Characteristics and Causality of Haze-sand Air Pollution in Beijing in Spring].

From May 3 to 5, 2017, a special heavy pollution event occurred in Beijing. The meteorological conditions associated with the heavy pollution were relatively special, so the pollution forms and causes were studied. The general characteristics of this pollution event were obtained based on data from 35 environmental monitoring stations in Beijing. Matching characteristics of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations with ground wind field data from automatic weather stations closest to the environmental monitoring stations were analyzed. By using MODIS and CALIPSO data, the spatial distribution in the horizontal and vertical directions was obtained, and the transport paths and pollutant categories of the pollution were elucidated. The causes of the pollution were analyzed by using ECMWF ERA-Interim data and Wind Profiler radar data. It was hoped that the special morphological characteristics and influencing factors of the pollution could be obtained by means of ground-space monitoring technology combined with meteorological conditions. The results showed that pollution characteristics and constraints could be better reflected by stereo observations and comprehensive analyses based on the above multi-source data. The pollution started abruptly and dropped sharply, and the pollution process lasted for about 30 hours. The whole process was divided into the following three stages:the first half, intermittent period, and second half. The concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were high throughout the whole process, reaching to 600-1000 µg·m-3 and 200-700 µg·m-3, respectively. The causes of pollution in the first half and second half and the resulting PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were different in terms of the spatial distribution. In the first half, the dominant wind direction was northwest wind, and the wind speed was small. The spatial difference of PM10 concentrations was also small, with concentrations more than 800 µg·m-3; meanwhile, the spatial difference of PM2.5 concentrations was great. The concentration of PM2.5 was high in the south and urban areas, reaching to 600-700 µg·m-3, and it was low in other places, reaching to 350-500 µg·m-3. During the intermission, the wind direction in the lower layer shifted from northwest wind to south wind, and the upper layer maintained northwest wind. The concentration of PM10 in the south and urban area decreased obviously to 650 µg·m-3, and the concentration of PM10 in the north remained at 800 µg·m-3. At this time, the concentration of PM2.5 in the north even dropped to 200 µg·m-3. The dominant wind returned to northwest wind in the latter half, and the wind speed increased sharply. At this time, the spatial difference of PM2.5 concentrations was small and the concentration of PM2.5 at the same station was less than that in the former half, ranging from 250 to 500 µg·m-3. The PM10 concentrations returned to the level of 800 µg·m-3. The pollution process involved mixed pollution consisting of haze and sand. Under the influence of westerly winds, the main contribution to Beijing pollution was dust-type PM10, while under southerly flows, the contribution to Beijing pollution was not only dust, but also PM2.5. Heavy pollution was accompanied by high wind speeds. The vertical motion of the atmosphere converged at an altitude of about 2-3 km, which resulted in the accumulation of pollutants at this altitude.

Renoprotective effect of scutellarin on cisplatin-induced renal injury in mice: Impact on inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy.

Cisplatin remains the standard first-line chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of many types of cancers, but its clinical application is hindered by its severe nephrotoxicity. Previous studies reported that scutellarin enhanced the anti-cancer activity of cisplatin in lung cancer cells, with no confirmation on cisplatin-induced renal damage. Here, we investigated the nephroprotective effect of scutellarin on cisplatin-induced renal injury and its underlying mechanisms. Renal function, histological change, inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy and involved pathways were investigated. Pretreatment with scutellarin prevented cisplatin-induced decline of renal function including BUN, CRE, and histological damage. Scutellarin also reduced renal inflammation by suppressing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α and IL-6. Similarly, scutellarin administration inhibited apoptosis triggered by cisplatin through reducing the expressions of Cleaved caspase-3, Cleaved PARP, p53, and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. Moreover, scutellarin prevented cisplatin-induced inhibition of autophagy via enhancing LC3-II/LC3-I and Atg7, and inhibition of p62. Of note, the activations of JNK, ERK, p38 and stat3 induced by cisplatin were strikingly attenuated in scutellarin-treated mice. Thus, these results provide compelling evidence that scutellarin is a novel nephroprotectant against cisplatin-induced renal toxicity.

[Influence of Mountain Valley Breeze and Sea Land Breeze in Winter on Distribution of Air Pollutants in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region].

To reveal the effect of Mountain Valley Breeze (MVB) and Sea Land Breeze (SLB) in winter on the spatial-temporal distribution of air pollutants in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, hourly data from Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) and hourly air pollutant concentration data in December 2016 from the China National Environmental Monitoring Center were used to calculate the average wind vector fields and PM2.5 concentration fields. The change rule of MVB and SLB and its influence on the distribution of PM2.5 concentration were analyzed. The prevailing factor for the MVB days was the southerly wind (valley wind) in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from noon to afternoon, this valley wind transports air pollutants from the eastern areas of the Taihang Mountains and southwestern areas of Beijing northward. In the evening, "herringbone" convergence lines formed between the emerging mountain breeze in the western and northern parts of Beijing, as well as in the piedmont areas of the Taihang Mountains, and the southerly wind. The PM2.5 concentration increased in Beijing, Langfang, Baoding, Shijiazhuang, and Xingtai according to the concentration of the convergence lines. For the SLB days, the PM2.5 concentration increased in the piedmont areas of the Taihang Mountains due to the influence of valley wind from noon to afternoon. For the MVB days, from noon until midnight, the sea breeze appeared in the eastern coastal areas and reached the southeastern part of Tianjin, the PM2.5 concentration increased towards the front of the sea breeze. The influence of MVB and SLB on the distribution of air pollutants in the heavy pollutions process were surveyed by analyzing the temporal variation relationship between the vertical distribution of wind over 0-325 m tower (at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics) and PM2.5 concentration of urban area, and by using the Cressman method to interpolate the 10 m wind data and PM2.5 concentration data to 2D grid field. From noon to afternoon, the air pollutants were blown to Beijing by valley wind. In the evening, the air pollutants converged near the convergence lines, which were formed by the mountain breeze and southerly wind. The severe pollution zone formed in the plains of Beijing and south of Beijing. From midnight to early morning, the air pollutants in Beijing were gradually blown away by the mountain breeze and stayed south of Beijing and northwest of Tianjin. In the winter, the effect of MVB on the recycling and accumulation of air pollutants plays an important role in severe atmospheric pollution incidents in Beijing, south of Beijing, and the eastern areas of the Taihang Mountains.

Mailuoning Compound for Treatment of Early Steroid-induced Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head in Rats by Obturator Nerve Block / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of Mailuoning Compound for treatment of early steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head (SONFH) in rats by obturator nerve block. Method: 24 rats were injected with endotoxin 10 μg·kg-1 through tail vein. After 24 hours, prednisolone acetate 20 mg·kg-1 was given by intraperitoneal injection, once every 24 hours for 3 consecutive days. After successful modeling, the rats were randomly divided into the model group (n=12), the treatment group (n=12) and the normal control group (n=6). In the treatment group, 2 mL·kg-1 of Mailuoning compound was injected into the obturator nerve from the 4th day, 3 times a week for 8 weeks. The arterial blood was collected from rats on the first day of the 9th week after model building to detect the content of blood lipid; the femoral head was taken to prepare the paraffin section, and the pathological changes of femoral head was observed and the changes of empty bone lacuna rate, bone trabecular area and bone lacuna area were quantitatively analyzed; The changes of bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs),transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),vascular endothelial cell growth factor(VEGF),and Ⅷ factor related antigen(Ⅷ-R Ag) were quantitatively analyzed by immunohistochemical method. Result: In the model group, the bone trabeculae were sparse, thin, disorganized and broken; some of the bone cells were necrotic and the number of empty bone lacunae was increased. In the treatment group, the number of trabeculae was increased; the structure was clear, most of which was normal bone cells, with a few necrotic bone cells, and the number of empty bone lacunae was decreased obviously. The rate of empty bone lacuna and the area of bone lacuna in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the model group (Pβ1 and the microvessel density of Ⅷ-R Ag in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the model group (PPConclusion: Mailuoning compound can improve the microcirculation state of femoral head, promote the formation of new bone and blood vessel in femoral head by regulating the expression of VEGF, BMPs, TGF-β1, Ⅷ-R Ag and down-regulating blood lipid content, thus effectively controlling the development of early SONFH. This can provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of early SONFH.

Exploration on professor 's space-time acupuncture of the eightfold method of the sacred tortoise / 中国针灸

The space-time acupuncture is a new needling method, summarized by professor on the base of the inheritance of four time-acupuncture method in ancient time and the absorption of the European medical culture idea, aiming to the application of the combination of time acupoints and space acupoints. Through constructing the internal and external field, the field effect of human body self-healing function is mobilized. The space-time acupuncture of the eightfold method of the sacred tortoise is one of the four methods, on the base of the acquired eight diagrams and the night numbers of diagrams, and in match with the eight confluent points. It is a special structure of "number, diagram and acupoint". The authors explain systematically the space-time acupuncture of the eightfold method of the sacred tortoise in the aspects of the opening of time acupoints and composition of space acupoints as well as the characteristics of its clinical operation so as to elaborate the essential composition and the feature of clinical application of such method. Moreover, professor 's innovation is introduced besides inheriting the ancient experience and the theoretic connotation is explored on the spatial acupoint corresponding to the time acupuncture of ancient eightfold method of the sacred tortoise.

Design of moxibustion device for experimental rabbits / 中国针灸

An experimental device is designed to solve the problem of fixing rabbits and providing moxibustion treatment at the same time. The device includes a rabbit fixing box and a moxibustion shelf. The rabbit fixing box and the moxibustion shelf are detachable, and could be used for moxibustion at the chest-back and abdomen of rabbits. A moxibustion device is placed on the moxibustion shelf. The moxibustion device can be moved forward, backward, leftward, rightward, upward and downward on the moxibustion shelf. It meets the requirements of moxibustion at multiple meridians or acupoints on the chest-back and abdomen at the same time. The moxibustion device is equipped with moxa cone or stick, which not only ensures the full burning of moxa, but also prevents the falling of moxa from hurting rabbits. In conclusion, the device has novel and unique structure, is safe and reliable, and easy to operate. It is an innovation in the experimental device of moxibustion, which could promote the animal experiment of moxibustion.

Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Rubia cordifolia L. by spectrum-effect relationships.

The objective of the current work was to evaluate the spectrum-effect relationships between high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprints and analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Rubia cordifolia L. extract (RCE), and to identify active components of RCE. Chemical fingerprints of ten batches of RC from various sources were obtained by HPLC, and similarity and hierarchical clustering analyses were carried out. Pharmacodynamic assays were performed in adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model to assess the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of RCE. The spectrum-effect relationships between chemical fingerprints and the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of RCE were established by gray correlation analysis. UPLC-ESI-MS was used to identify the structures of potential active components, by reference standards comparison. The results showed that a close correlation existed between chemical fingerprints with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, and alizarin, 6-hydroxyrubiadin, purpurin and rubiadin might be the active constituents of RCE. In addition, RCE attenuated pathological changes in adjuvant-induced arthritis. The current findings provide a strong basis for combining chemical fingerprints with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in assessing the spectrum-effect relationships of RCE.

Influence of SOX10 on the proliferation and invasion of prostate cancer cells / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the influence of SOX10 on the proliferation and invasion of prostate cancer cells.@*METHODS@#SOX10 protein in prostate cancer cell lines PC3, DU145 and LNcap was detected by Western blotting analysis. The expression of SOX10 in prostate cancer cell lines (PC3 and DU145) were knocked down by small interfering RNAs, and the efficiency of SOX10 by small interfering RNAs was confirmed using Western blotting analysis. CCK-8 assays were conducted to assess the influences of SOX10 on the proliferation of PC3 and DU145 cells, and invasion assays were conducted to assess the influences of SOX10 on the invasion of PC3 and DU145 cells.@*RESULTS@#After SOX10 in prostate cancer cells was knocked down by small interfering RNAs, the proliferation of prostate cancer cells PC3 and DU145 was significantly inhibited. Results of CCK-8 assays showed that the absorbance of PC3 and DU145 in SOX10-silenced groups was decreased compared with those in control groups (PC3: 0 d: 0.166±0.01, 0.162±0.012 vs. 0.155 ±0.01, P>0.05; 1 d: 0.210±0.011, 0.211±0.018 vs. 0.252±0.023, P>0.05; 2 d: 0.293±0.017, 0.280±0.028 vs. 0.433±0.030, P<0.01; 3 d: 0.363±0.071, 0.411±0.038 vs. 0.754±0.045, P<0.01; 4 d: 0.592±0.065, 0.670±0.093 vs. 1.456±0.111, P<0.01. DU145: 0 d: 0.168±0.018, 0.164±0.01 vs. 0.153 ±0.012, P>0.05; 1 d: 0.218±0.007, 0.206±0.024 vs. 0.255±0.02, P>0.05; 2 d: 0.297±0.013, 0.291±0.012 vs. 0.444±0.023, P<0.05; 3 d: 0.378±0.058, 0.419±0.026 vs. 0.762±0.039, P<0.01; 4 d: 0.681±0.094, 0.618±0.050 vs. 1.419±0.170, P<0.01). Meanwhile, knocking down SOX10 significantly suppressed the invasion of prostate cancer cells PC3 and DU145. Results of invasion assays showed that the numbers of invaded cells in SOX10-silenced groups were significantly less than those in control groups (PC3: 142±38, 171±17 vs. 304±55; DU145: 96±22, 134±23 vs. 341±34, P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#SOX10 might promote prostate cancer progression by accelerating the ability of the proliferation and invasion of prostate cancer cells, and SOX10 might be a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer.

Effects and mechanism of the long-snake moxibustion on ankylosing spondylitis based on Th17/Treg/Th1 immune imbalance / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effects and mechanisms of the long-snake moxibustion on ankylosing spondylitis (AS) based on Th17/Treg/Th1 immune imbalance.@*METHODS@#A total of 60 AS patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each one. In the observation group, the long-snake moxibustion therapy was used on the acupoints of the governor vessel from Dazhui (GV 14) to Yaoshu (GV 2) as well as the bilateral Jiaji (EX-B 2) alternatively. The moxibustion was given once a day, for 7 days continuously as one course. There were 3 days at the interval between the courses and 4 courses were required. In the control group, the routine western medication was provided, the salazosulfapyridine combined with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were used, for 7 days continuous as one course. A total of 4 courses of medication were required. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was adopted to determine the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-17 (IL-17), interleukin-23 (IL-23) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The real-time quantification polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to determine the mRNA expressions of the specific transcription factors, FoxP3 and T-bet of the helper 17 cells (Th17), regulatory T cells (Treg) and T helper 1 cells (Th1). The flow cytometry was applied to determine the rates of Treg, Th1 and Th17, as well as the changes of the inflammatory reaction index, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the total effective rate was 93.3% (28/30) in the observation group, which was better than 86.7% (26/30) in the control group (0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The long-snake moxibustion effectively relieves the clinical symptoms in AS patients and regulates the Th17/Treg/Th1 immune imbalance. Its effect target is probably related to the modulation of the AS immune derangement and the inflammatory responses induced by immune derangement so as to achieve the dual-positive regulatory effect.

Research Advances in CKLFSF-like MARVEL Transmembrane Domain Containing Member 3.

CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing member/chemokine-like factor super family member (CKLFSF/CMTM) is a novel tumor suppressor gene. CMTM3 is broadly expressed in normal human tissues and evolutionary conserved,especially in testis,spleen,and some cells of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. However,its expression is undetectable or down-regulated in most carcinoma cell lines and tissues. Restoration of CMTM3 may inhibit the proliferation,migration,and invasion of carcinoma cells. Although the exact mechanism of its anti-tumor activity remains unclear,CKLFSF3/CMTM3 is closely connected with immune system and associated with sex during tumorigenesis. The study advances of CKLFSF3/CMTM3 are elaborated in this review as CMTM3 may be a new target in the gene therapies for tumors,especially genitourinary tumors,while further studies on CMTM3 and its anti-tumor mechanisms are warranted.

Research Advances in CKLFSF-like MARVEL Transmembrane Domain Containing Member 3 / 中国医学科学院学报

CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing member/chemokine-like factor super family member (CKLFSF/CMTM) is a novel tumor suppressor gene. CMTM3 is broadly expressed in normal human tissues and evolutionary conserved,especially in testis,spleen,and some cells of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. However,its expression is undetectable or down-regulated in most carcinoma cell lines and tissues. Restoration of CMTM3 may inhibit the proliferation,migration,and invasion of carcinoma cells. Although the exact mechanism of its anti-tumor activity remains unclear,CKLFSF3/CMTM3 is closely connected with immune system and associated with sex during tumorigenesis. The study advances of CKLFSF3/CMTM3 are elaborated in this review as CMTM3 may be a new target in the gene therapies for tumors,especially genitourinary tumors,while further studies on CMTM3 and its anti-tumor mechanisms are warranted.