[The influence of humus acids of peloids and its components on free radical processes]. / Vliianie gumusovykh kislot peloidov i ikh komponentov na svobodnoradikal'nye protsessy.

The effect of individual components of humic substances of peloid on free radical oxidation processes has been investigated under conditions of oxidative stress induced in albino rats. Biological activity of peloids was determined using such parameters as the general antioxidant activity, activity superoxide dismutases, catalases and glutathione peroxidases on the third and tenth day of the experiment. Results indicate that the state of oxidative stress can be corrected on the third day of the experiment. Humic acids restore not only normal physiological redox systems, but also increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes on the 10th day.

[Rapid spread of the HIV-1 circular recombinant CRF02-AG in Russia and neighboring countries].

The spread of the HIV-1circular recombinant CRF02-AG in countries of the former Soviet union (Commonwealth of Independent States, CIS) was studies using partial and full genome sequences. The full-genome sequence of the CRF02-AG recombinant circulating in Russia was obtained for the first time. A Global phylogenetic tree of CRF02-AG full-genome sequences was constructed. Three distinct groups of the sequences were detected as clustered by the geographical location (CIS, South Korea, and France), which is indicative of the single-virus introduction in each of the regions mentioned above. The CIS cluster exhibiting minimum genetic diversity was, therefore, relatively young. The phylogenetic analysis of the env gene sequences within the CIS cluster made it possible to clearly discriminate three branches: two of Russian and one of Uzbek origin. The low genetic diversity within the two Russian subclusters provides evidence of at least two recent independent introductions of the CRF02-AG recombinant from Central Asia into Russia. This work was performed within the framework of the 7th Federal Research Program (FP&), Project EURIPRED (European Research Infrastructures for Poverty Related Diseases), grant agreement No.312661.