Teaching reform and students' satisfaction survey of "organ-centered" integrated curriculum for circulatory system / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To investigate students' satisfaction degree on "organ-centered" integrated teaching model for Circulatory Disease,and reveal potential problems and propose improvement methods.Methods All grade 2016 students from the second department of clinical medicine and pediatrics major were selected as study objects and students' satisfaction degree on "organ-centered" integrated curriculum for circulatory system were investigated.Self-designed questionnaires were adopted; eighteen questions related to the satisfaction degree were designed; questionnaires were distributed and collected by WJX software.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis and word frequency analysis of the results were performed using R software.Result The results of the questionnaire showed that students were not satisfied with the integrated teaching model.Word frequency analysis showed that students' problems mainly were limited class hours but too many learning content,fast teaching speed and insufficient curriculum integration.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis further showed that students' satisfaction degree was related to their mastery of knowledge and post-class review(P＜0.05).Conclusion Our teaching and research section should fully summarize the teaching experience and shortcomings in the "organ-centered" integrated curriculum for Circulatory System Disease,and try our best to make the in-class teaching clearer,integrate the basic and clinical knowledge,encourage students to review lessons in time and cultivate their ability of independent learning,so as to ultimately improve students' satisfaction for teaching and teachers' teaching quality.

Teaching reform and students' satisfaction survey of "organ-centered" integrated curriculum for circulatory system / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective@#To investigate students' satisfaction degree on "organ-centered" integrated teaching model for Circulatory Disease, and reveal potential problems and propose improvement methods.@*Methods@#All grade 2016 students from the second department of clinical medicine and pediatrics major were selected as study objects and students' satisfaction degree on "organ-centered" integrated curriculum for circulatory system were investigated. Self-designed questionnaires were adopted; eighteen questions related to the satisfaction degree were designed; questionnaires were distributed and collected by WJX software. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis and word frequency analysis of the results were performed using R software.@*Result@#The results of the questionnaire showed that students were not satisfied with the integrated teaching model. Word frequency analysis showed that students' problems mainly were limited class hours but too many learning content, fast teaching speed and insufficient curriculum integration. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis further showed that students' satisfaction degree was related to their mastery of knowledge and post-class review (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Our teaching and research section should fully summarize the teaching experience and shortcomings in the "organ-centered" integrated curriculum for Circulatory System Disease, and try our best to make the in-class teaching clearer, integrate the basic and clinical knowledge, encourage students to review lessons in time and cultivate their ability of independent learning, so as to ultimately improve students' satisfaction for teaching and teachers' teaching quality.

Long-term outcome of radiofrequency catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation.

Catheter ablation has been wildly used to treat atrial fibrillation (AF) and has achieved a better efficacy for paroxysmal AF (PAF) but not for persistent AF (PerAF). Furthermore, a few data on the efficacy and safety of catheter ablation for PerAF were reported. This study aimed to investigate long-term efficacy of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for PerAF and explore predictors of late recurrence of atrial fibrillation (LRAF).A total of 92 consecutive patients with PerAF (64 males, aged 56.42 ±â€Š11.24 years) were enrolled in this study and accepted circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (CPVI) alone or CPVI combined additional ablation.Maintenance rate of sinus rhythm (SR) was 40.2% after a single procedure with median follow-up of 15 months and 52.2% after mean 1.3 ±â€Š0.6 procedures with median follow-up of 26 months. Long-term SR maintenance rate was no statistical difference between patients with CPVI alone and with CPVI combined additional ablation (48.6% vs 35.1%, log rank test, P = .152). Patients with AF duration < 24 months had a higher long-term SR maintenance rate than those with AF duration ≥ 24 months (55.6% vs 30.4%, log rank test, P = .022). AF duration (OR = 1.015, 95%CI 1.001-1.030, P = .015), and early recurrence of AF (ERAF) (OR = 10.654, 95%CI 3.853-29.460, P < .001) were predictors of LRAF after a single procedure.In conclusion, long-term maintenance SR rate was 52.2% in patients with PerAF after multiple procedures with a median over 2-year follow-up. Patients with AF duration < 24 months had better outcome. AF duration and ERAF were predictors of LRAF after a single procedure.

Polydatin up-regulates Clara cell secretory protein to suppress phospholipase A2 of lung induced by LPS in vivo and in vitro.

BACKGROUND: Lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children. The damage to membrane phospholipids leads to the collapse of the bronchial alveolar epithelial barrier during acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Phospholipase A2 (PLA2), a key enzyme in the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids, plays an important traumatic role in pulmonary inflammation, and Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP) is an endogenous inhibitor of PLA2. Our previous study showed that polydatin (PD), a monocrystalline extracted from a traditional Chinese medicinal herb (Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb, et Zucc), reduced PLA2 activity and sPLA2-IIA mRNA expression and mitigated LPS-induced lung injury. However, the potential mechanism for these effects has not been well defined. We have continued to investigate the effect of PD on LPS-induced expression of CCSP mRNA and protein in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS: Our results suggested that the CCSP mRNA level was consistent with its protein expression. CCSP expression was decreased in lung after LPS challenge. In contrast, PD markedly increased CCSP expression in a concentration-dependent manner. In particular, CCSP expression in PD-pretreated rat lung was higher than in rats receiving only PD treatment. CONCLUSION: These results indicated that up-regulation of CCSP expression causing inhibition of PLA2 activation may be one of the crucial protective mechanisms of PD in LPS-induced lung injury.

Bioeffects of canine myocardium under microbubble destruction via diversity of ultrasonic intension / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To explore the bioeffects of canine myocardium under microbubble destruction via diversity of ultrasonic intension, in order to optimize ultrasonic intension for experiments. Methods Nine mongrel dogs were randomly divided into 3 groups. Ultrasound (1 MHz) in diversity of different intension (0.5 W/cm~2, 1.0 W/cm~2, 2.0 W/cm~2) was applied to expose canine myocardium after intravenous injection microbubbles of 2.0 ml. All the dogs were killed after being exposed for 5 min. The myocardium was harvested for HE staining and observed with transmission electron microscope for the tissue microstructures. Results The myocardium of hyperemia, disfiguration and necrosis wer observed in all groups. Myocardial edema but not hemorrhage appeared with 0.5 W/cm~2 , mild myocardial hemorrhage and slight inflammatory cell infiltration happened with 1.0 W/cm~2, whereas obvious hemorrhage and certain degree of inflammatory cell infiltration occurred with intension of 2.0 W/cm~2. With the augmentation of ultrasonic intension, myocardium trend to aggravate. Conclusion Ultrasound of diversity intension can induce different bioeffects of canine myocardium. Ultrasound mediated microbubble destruction with the intensity of 1.0-2.0 W/cm~2 can provoke a certain degree of inflammatory reaction with mild myocardial damage.

Transvenous Cryoablation Versus Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation for Treatment of Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Rachycardia / 中国循环杂志

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety between cryoablation(Cryo)and radiofrequency (RF)ablation in patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia(AVNRT). Methods: A total of 83 patients with AVNRT underwent electrophysiological treatment in our hospital from October 2006 to March 2009 were studied. Patients were divided into two groups according to their own choices. Cryo group (n=41) and RF group (n=42). The clinical characteristics,success rate,procedural time and ablative time were compared between two groups. Results:The procedural time and ablative time in Cryo group was significantly longer than those in RF group (119.14±40.16 min vs.85.86±28.24 min,P=0.001; 1118.91±620.62 s vs.370.97±279.23 s,P<0.001). The acute success rate was achieved in 40/41(97.6%)patients in Cryo group,and 42/42(100.0%) in RF group. Transient AV-block was encountered in 6 (15%) patients in the Cryo group and 5 (11.9%) in RF group (P=0.681). There was no complete atrial-ventricular(AV)conduction block at the end of procedures. There was no recurrence of AVNRT in either Cryo group nor in RF group during 11.6±5.5 months of follow up period.Conclusion:Cryoablation was as effective and safe as RF ablation for AVNRT. Cryo-energy was one kind of alternative ablation energy for AVNRT.

Imaging features of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia: report of 2 cases and review of the literature / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To evaluate the echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearances of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy /dysplasia (ARVC,ARVD) in order to improve the recognition. Methods:Detailed echocardio- grams and MRI were performed in two patients who fulfilled the criteria of the Task Force of the European Society of Cardiol- ogy and International Society and Federation of Cardiology(ESC/ISFC) for ARVD diagnosis,Right ventricular(RV) chamber di- mensions, RV function, and the presence of morphologic ahnormalities were assesed. The patients underwent detailed electro- physiological evaluation and RV bipolar electrogram voltage mapping;radiofrequency ahlation was performed as linear lesions in conjunction with simultaneous CARTO-guided catheter mapping. Results:The RV dimensions were significantly increased;focal RV localized aneurysm and hyper-reflctive moderator band were present in hoth two patients with echocardiograms. RV en- largement and trabecular derangement also were suggested by MRI. The area of abnormality suggested by images and elec- troanstomic voltage mapping were identical. Results:Noninvasive detection of RV structural alterations and functional changes in ARVD is possible by echocardiography and MRI,and these changes may be used as the major criteria for the diagnosis of ARVD.

Ultrasound-mediated microbubble destruction enhances VEGF gene delivery to the infarcted myocardium in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possibility of improving the delivery of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene to the myocardium in rats by using ultrasound-mediated microbubble destruction (UMMD). METHODS: Fifteen male Wistar rats underwent left anterior descending coronary artery ligation in this study. The rats were divided into three groups 3 days after ligation. Ultrasound microbubble vectors (UMVs) attaching to pcD2VEGF121 gene were injected into the tail vein of rats with or without simultaneous echocardiographic microbubble destruction in two groups. The third group was used as control group. VEGF protein expression and formation of new blood vessels were evaluated by immunohistochemical technique during autopsy on 15 rats at 2 weeks after gene transformation. Microvascular density (MVD) in the area with myocardial infarction was counted under a microscope. RESULTS: VEGF protein expression and MVD in the ischemic myocardium were higher in the rats receiving UMMD than in the group that did not receive UMMD. CONCLUSION: UMMD is a noninvasive method to effectively improve the delivery of targeted genes to the heart.

Effects of poly lacticoglycolic acid ultrasound contrast agent on tumor lymph node imaging / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To study the effects of poly lacticoglycolic acid(PLGA) ultrasound contrast agent on tumor lymph node imaging and its mechanism.Methods PLGA ultrasound contrast agent was made by double emulsion method; VX2 tumor cells were harvested from carrier rabbits and inoculated in the thigh of healthy New Zealand White rabbits. Implants were allowed to grow for 14 to 18 days before imaging. Popliteal lymph nodes were imaged as the injection sites were massaged. And macrophages were used to investigate the mechanism for lymph node enhancement. Results PLGA ultrasound contrast agent had a tight size distribution. Tumor lymph node was significantly enhanced by PLGA ultrasound contrast agent. Macrophages experiment showed that macrophages could phagocyte lots of PLGA ultrasound contrast agents.Conclusions PLGA ultrasound contrast agent is good for lymph node imaging. The possible mechanism for lymph node enhancement is that macrophages in lymph node can phagocyte lots of PLGA contrast agents, which causes the concentration of PLGA contrast agent in lymph node.