AGE AND GENDER-SPECIFIC FEATURES OF CYTOGENETIC CHANGES IN BUCCAL EPITHELIUM IN INDIVIDUALS RESIDING IN THE «SICK BUILDING¼.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: The study of cytomorphological and cytogenetic features of the buccal epithelium of residents of apartments who complained of unpleasant odors in their homes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The state of buccal epithelium in residents of multi-story buildings was studied. A total of 237 individuals were examined, 117 males and 120 females, aged from 6 to 81 years. Buccal cells were collected using a sterile spatula and stained with a 2.5% solutionofaceto-orcein and 1% light green. The preparations were examined using a light microscope OPTON Axioskop (Germany) with oil immersion at a magnification of x1000. Statistical processing of the data was performed using IBMSPSS Statistics 29.0.0.0 (t-Student criterion; Mann-Whitney; ANOVA: Tukey; T3-Dunnett), with p≤0.05. RESULTS: Results: Cytomorphological and cytogenetic abnormalities, compared to physiological limits, were mainly manifested as karyorrhexis, nuclear doubling, the appearance of epitheliocytes with perinuclear vacuoles, or nuclear vacuolization. The frequency of micronuclei was observed in the range of (0.3-2.8 ‰). The highest micronucleus index (per 1000 cells, ‰) was observed among males aged 15-39 years and females over 65 years old. In both sexes, the lowest micronucleus indices were found in the age group of 6-14 years. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: in the «sick building¼ an increase in the frequency of micronucleus occurrence among males and females was observed simultaneously with increasing age.

ANTIHYPOXIC ACTIVITY OF 2,6-DIMETHYLPYRIDINE-N-OXIDE.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To study the antihypoxic activity of 2,6-dimethylpyridine-N-oxide in mice using the various experimental models of acute hypoxia under orally or intraperitoneally administration. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The studies were performed on male CD-1 (SPF) mice. The antihypoxic activity of 2,6-dimethylpyridine-N-oxide was studied in three experimental models of acute hypoxia - hypercapnic hypoxia or hypoxia in a closed space, hemic hypoxia and histotoxic hypoxia at orally administration at doses 0.07; 7.1 and 71 mg/kg (respectively 1/20000, 1/200 and 1/20 of LD50) and at intraperitoneally administration at doses 7.1 and 71 mg/kg in comparison with reference drug Armadin. RESULTS: Results: It is established, that 2,6-dimethylpyridine-N-oxide shows a antihypoxic activity in the all experimental models of acute hypoxia (hypoxia in a closed space, hemic hypoxia and histotoxic hypoxia). Its antihypoxic activity in acute hemic hypoxia and in acute hypoxia in a closed space was significantly higher than of reference drug Armadin, but during acute histotoxic hypoxia did not differ from Armadin. Also at intraperitoneal administration of 2,6-dimethylpyridine-N-oxide demonstrates less pronounced antihypoxic activity than at oral administration in all experimental models of acute hypoxia, but the coefficient efficiency is higher than in the reference drug Armadin. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: 2,6-dimethylpyridine-N-oxide may be recommended for further detailed experimental studies as a perspective antihypoxant.