An aqueous solution method towards Sb2S3 thin films for photoanodes.

An aqueous solution approach, integrating atomic layer deposition and chemical vapor deposition, is proposed to grow a high-quality Sb2S3 thin film. The Sb2S3 thin film is uniform and dense with a bandgap of 1.78 eV. The photocurrent density of the Sb2S3 sensitized TiO2 array electrode is 40 µA cm-2, which is nearly 25 and 93 times than that of TiO2 and Sb2S3 photoanodes, respectively.