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J Cardiothorac Surg ; 19(1): 173, 2024 Apr 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38575975

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, also known as Rosai-Dorfman disease, is a rare, self-limiting disease that predominantly affects children and young adults. Moreover, the disease is characterized by painless bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy in 95% of the patients. However, few reports are available on the Rosai-Dorfman disease of the thymus. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a rare case of thymic Rosai-Dorfman disease detected using computed tomography. During a medical examination, a 50-year-old man underwent a chest computed tomography scan, which revealed an anterior mediastinal single mass with fat in the thymus. A thymectomy was performed to completely remove the tumor using a thoracoscopic technique due to a clinical suspicion of thymoma. Furthermore, Rosai-Dorfman disease was confirmed using histological and immunohistochemical analyses. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the sixth case of thymus-affecting solitary Rosai-Dorfman disease with histological and immunohistochemical evidence. Fat in the thymus, as was present in this case, has never been described in Rosai-Dorfman disease previously. Our results highlight the challenge of diagnosing this uncommon tumor before surgery, and more cases need to be reported to help with the preoperative diagnosis of such a rare tumor.


Assuntos
Histiocitose Sinusal , Doenças do Mediastino , Neoplasias , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Histiocitose Sinusal/diagnóstico , Histiocitose Sinusal/cirurgia , Histiocitose Sinusal/patologia , Doenças do Mediastino/diagnóstico , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos
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