Fasudil protects against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in mice via inhibiting Rho/ROCK signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE: Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most common diseases in cardiovascular medicine, and the risk of MI is very serious. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the effect of fasudil on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced MI in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups, namely, control group, MI group, low dose fasudil and MI treatment group (low fasudil group), high dose fasudil, and MI treatment Group (high fasudil group). MI group and the fasudil group were injected subcutaneously with ISO (85 mg/kg) twice, and every 24 h MI was induced. Low-dose and high-dose fasudil groups were treated with 3 mg/kg/day and 10 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks before the injection of ISO. Cardiac function measured in the fourth week after ISO injection, and body weight and whole heart weight were weighed. Infarct area and thickness were analyzed by HE staining. Besides, the degree of myocardial damage was measured by detecting serum CK and LDH, and excised heart tissue was detected by Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Western blot. RESULTS: In MI group, the cardiac function was significantly decreased: the left ventricular short axis shortening rate (FS) and left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) were significantly decreased, the left ventricular volume was significantly increased, and the myocardial injury markers CK and LDH were significantly increased. In addition, fasudil treatment significantly relieved heart function after MI in a dose-dependent manner, reducing cardiomyocytes oxidative damage, inhibiting apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: Fasudil can reduce ISO-induced MI, reducing cardiomyocytes oxidative damage, inhibiting apoptosis by inhibiting the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway.

[Neck lymphatic metastasis, surgical methods and prognosis in early tongue squamous cell carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the different pattern of neck lymph node metastasis, the choice of surgical methods and prognosis in early tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: A total of 157 patients with early oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma were included in this study. Statistical analysis was performed to identify the pattern of lymph node metastasis, to determine the best surgical procedure and to analyze the prognosis. Results: The occurrence of cervical lymph node metastasis rate was 31%(48/157). Neck lymphatic metastasis was significantly related to tumor size (P=0.026) and histology differentiation type (P=0.022). The rate of metastasis was highest in level Ⅱ [33% (16/48)]. In level Ⅳ, the incidence of lymph node metastasis was 5%(7/157), and there was no skip metastases. The possibility of level Ⅳ metastasis was higher, when level Ⅱ (P=0.000) or Ⅲ (P=0.000) involved. The differentiation tumor recurrence, neck lymphatic metastasis and adjuvant radiotherapy were prognostic factors (P<0.05). Multivariate analyses revealed histology differentiation type, neck lymphatic metastases and adjuvant radiotherapy were the independent prognostic factors. Conclusions: Neck lymphatic metastasis rate is high in early tongue squamous cell carcinoma, simultaneous glossectomy and neck dissection should be performed. Level Ⅳ metastasis rate is extremely low, so supraomohyoid neck dissection is sufficient for most of the time. The histology differentiation type, neck lymphatic metastasis and adjuvant radiotherapy are independent prognostic factors.