[Internal carotid artery aneurysms with the initial symptom of epistaxis: a case report].

The patient has complained of twice left nose bleeding. Nasal endoscope examination found bloodstain in recessus sphenoethmoidalis, while nasal sinuses MR examination showed moderate and slightly high signal in left sphenoid sinus on T1WI and T2WI. Then, she was underwent nasal endoscopic surgery to stop bleeding. A dark red, pulsating tissue was found above the lateral wall of the sphenoid sinus during the surgery. After the surgery, the patient did a cerebral digital vascular angiography and the diagnosis was internal carotid artery aneurysms rupture.

[Preoperative evaluation of resectability of hilar bile duct carcinoma by color Doppler flow imaging and duplex Doppler].

Color flow images of hilar bile duct carcinoma and the relationship between tumors and hilar important blood vessals were observed in 22 patients with hilar bile duct carcinoma by color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and Duplex Doppler. It was found that most of bile duct carcinoma were of oligovascularity. Accurate rate were 81.82% and 77.28% respectively by preoperative ultrasound evaluation of the relationship between the tumor and the portal vein, and the tumor and the hepatic artery. CDFI and Duplex Doppler are sensitive, convenient and noninvasive methods for preoperative evaluation of resectability of hilar bile duct carcinoma and provide important information for surgery.

[Prognostic factors for surgical treatment of hilar biliary cancer].

Forty-five patients with hilar biliary cancers were operated on at our department. The tumor was resected in 29 patients (64%). There were no operative deaths and the survival rate was 41% and 21% at 12 and 24 months respectively. In patients with no tumor resection the 60-day mortality rate was 37.5% and none of them survived for 12 months. Significant difference was noted in survival rates of the patients with radical resection, those with resection of marginal cancer and those with palliative resection. 28% of the patients with radical resection survived for 18 months but none of patients with resection of marginal carcinoma survived for 18 months. Most patients with tumor resection died from tumor recurrence or reappearance of jaundice 6 to 12 months after operation. There was no significant difference between the type of tumor and the degree of cancer invasion. We conclude that liver resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma may give a long survival rate if no marginal tumor is left. Surgical treatment should be dependent on the invasion of hilar carcinoma and extended liver resection.

Surgical treatment of hilar bile duct carcinoma. Clinical and pathological studies.

Resection of the extrahepatic bile tract for hilar bile duct carcinoma was performed at the PLA General Hospital, with a resectability rate of 62% (31/50) and no operative mortality. Hepatic lobectomy was performed at the same time in 16 cases (51.6%). Reoperative resections were successfully done in 5 cases; 4 cases are still living 1-4 years after the second operation. The cause of late death was mainly biliary infection due to local recurrence and bile duct obstruction. The median survival period was 15 months. 32 cases were studied pathologically, of which 27 were resected surgical specimens and 5 autopsies. The tumors were histologically classified into 4 types: papillary adenocarcinoma (6 cases); well differentiated adenocarcinoma (21); poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (3); and simple carcinoma (2). The importance of early diagnosis of hilar bile duct carcinoma at its subclinical stage before appearance of clinical jaundice is stressed.

[Biologic effects of hyperthermia and radiation on gastric cancer cells (SGC-7901) in vitro. II. Ultrastructural changes of cells].

Different characteristic damages of the SGC-7901 gastric adenocarcinoma cells were studied by electron microscopy 1, 36, 72, 96 and 120 hours after heating and radiation in vitro. The visible damages, such as the enlarged mitochondria, increase of lysosomes and perichromatin granules could be shown 1 hour after heating (43 degrees C for 30 min) but no visible damages of the cells were shown until 36 hours following radiation (500 rad). In order to study the ultrastructural changes of the gastric cancer cells in mitosis after heating and radiation, we have used the new method of ultrastructural research in selecting and observing the M cell in vitro and found loosened structure of chromosome and disappearance of microtubules 1 hour following hyperthermia. At the same time, no apparent abnormalities of the mitotic cells were observed after radiation. It is the chief cause of division delay in heat injured cells. However, the chromosomes and microtubules of the new mitotic cells could recover 36 hours after heating (43 degrees C for 30 min). After radiation, the giant cells and abnormal morphologic changes of cells gradually increase and the living cells decrease. Unexpectedly, the division of a few giant cells is observed 72 hours after heating and radiation.

[Biologic effects of hyperthermia and radiation on gastric cancer cells (SGC-7901) in vitro--I. Influence on cell growth curve, number of colonies and mitosis].

Biologic effects of hyperthermia (42 degrees-44 degrees C) and radiation on SGC-7901 were studied quantitatively and morphologically. Action of hyperthermia and radiation on the population and subpopulation of cells was monitored by cell growth curve and colony counts. The results show that both hyperthermia (43 degrees C for 30 min) and radiation (500 rad) can cause the cell kill and growth curve decrease but the cells still tend to proliferate. The synergistic action of heat plus radiation is demonstrated when they are given in the interval of 30 min. The thermal enhance rate was 1.27 and 1.37 for survival rate down to 2% and 5%. The concentration of potassium ions in the media is increased with cell kill after heat and radiation. The damage from heating appears like a direct kill or immediate death, the damage from radiation reveals delayed or metabolic death. Partial and transitory redistribution of cell cycle occurs following heating or radiation. Delayed division is more marked following heating than radiation. The synchronization effect may be used to hit the cycling tumor cells in the most radiosensitive phase.