Water use sources and its influencing factors of Pinus massoniana and Quercus acutissima community in hilly region of Southern China.

The process of plant water use is complex and changeable, which is affected by various factors. Exploring the sources and influencing factors of plant water use can provide reference for clarifying the mechanisms of forest water adaptation under climate change. We chosen the typical forest communities in the hilly region of Sou-thern China, Pinus massoniana and Quercus acutissima mixed forest as the research object. By analyzing water sources of plants in different seasons, the factors affecting the changes of water sources were explored in combination with soil water, precipitation, and plant roots. The results showed that water use characteristics of P. massoniana and Q. acutissima were similar and both mainly utilized 0-40 cm soil water during the dry season, with proportions of 60.0% and 66.6%. During the rainy season, as soil water content of deep layers increased, the main water sources of both gradually shifted towards deep soil. The similarity proportion indices of P. massoniana and Q. acutissima were above 60%, indicating that there was an obvious water competition between them. Root system of Q. acutissima had plasticity in water absorption, and played a dominant role in absorbing shallow water during the dry season. Water was the main driving factor for water source transformation of Q. acutissima and P. massoniana during the rainy season. Compared with P. massoniana, Q. acutissima was more sensitive to the changes of water sources. Under the background of future warming and drying, the competition between the two species for shallow water sources might be intensified. Those two species should be sparsely planted or thinned to optimize forest structure to cope with water stress.

[Study on MEKC-DAD fingerprint of Scutellariae radix].

OBJECTIVE: To establish the analytical method for the fingerprint of Scutellariae Radix by MEKC-DAD and compare the fingerprints of Scutellariae Radix, Scutellariae Radix Stir-baked and Scutellariae Radix Green. METHODS: Based on the mode of micellar electrokinetic chromatography, 40 mmol/L sodium hydrogen phosphate, 15 mmol/L sodium borate, 40 mmol/L SDS, 15% acetonitrile, 7.5% propyl alcohol were selected for the running buffer (pH 8.4). The separation voltage was 20 kV and the detection wavelength was set at 280 nm. Baicalin was used as reference standard, the chromatographic fingerprint was established. RESULTS: MEKC-DAD fingerprint with 9 main peaks was established preliminarily. Regarding to the fingerprints of Scutellariae Radix and its processed products, the samples before and after storage moisture, there were obvious differences in the relative areas of common peaks. CONCLUSION: The method is reliable, accurate and can be used for quality control of Scutellariae Radix.

[Study on HPCE-DAD fingerprint of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma].

OBJECTIVE: To establish the analytical method for the fingerprint of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma by HPCE-DAD and estimate its quality. METHODS: Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma were analyzed and the chromatographic fingerprint were determined by HPCE-DAD. The data were analysed by fuzzy cluster and fingerprint similarity evaluation software was used to compare the similarity of samples. RESULTS: HPCE-DAD fingerprint of 10 main common peaks was established preliminarily. It was discovered that a small number of samples were different from the others. CONCLUSION: The method is reliable, accurate and can be used for the quality control of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma

[Preliminary analysis of quality of Antrodia camphorata powder].

OBJECTIVE: To proceed a preliminary analysis of the quality of Antrodia camphorata powder. METHODS: The contents of water-soluble extract were detected according to the standards stated in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. UV-VIS was used to analyze total polysaccharide and triterpenoid. HPLC method was applied for the analysis of adenosine in Antrodia. camphorata. Besides, volatile compounds were analyzed by HSGC-MS. RESULTS: The contents of water-soluble extract (37.26% - 40.98%), total polysaccharide (5.45% - 8.08%), total triterpenoid (2.44% - 2.87%) and adenosine (0.0470% - 0.0604%) were obtained respectively. 49 volatile compounds were identified in Antrodia camphorata powder. CONCLUSION: The established method can be used for the quality control of Antrodia camphorata powder.

[Location and relative quantity of flavonoids in the leaf of Apocynum venetum].

In this study, laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) was used to determine the location and relative quantity of flavonoids in the leaves of Apocynum venetum L. from the top, middle and basal parts of the branch. The leaves of the plants of one, two and three years old, separately, were collected in July. ANOVA and LSD test were employed in the statistical analysis. The results indicated that flavonoids located mainly in xylem conduit of vein, collenchyma, epidermic cells and cuticle. The data of flavonoids contents under statistical analysis showed that difference existed in the leaves of different parts and different ages. This study provided the reliable scientific material about the analysis of the ecological and the exploitation of the leaves of Apocynum venetom L.

[The effects of extracts from Arenaria kansuensis on the levels of HBsAG and HBeAg in HepG2.2.15 cells].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anti-HBV effects of the extracts with alcohol and water from Arenaria kansuensis in vitro. METHODS: HepG2.2.15 cells were used to estimate the effects of the extracts with alcohol and water from Arenaria kansuensis on the levels of HBsAg and HBeAg in medium by ELISA. RESULTS: Incubation of HepG2.2.15 cells with both the extracts with alcohol and water from Arenaria kansuensis (50-400 mg/L) for 72 and 96h significantly inhibited the levels of HBsAg and HBeAg. The maximum inhibiting rate of HBeAg from the Arenaria kansuensis extracts with alcohol was 63.2% and 90. 8% at 72h and 96h, respectively. Meanwhile, the Arenaria kansuensis extracts with water had obvious inhibitory effects on the levels of HBsAg and HBeAg in HepG2.2.15 cells at 96 h, compared with that of the control group (P < 0.01). The maximum inhibiting rates were 52.5% and 72.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The extracts with water from Arenaria kansuensis has obvious anti-HBV effects in vitro.