RESUMO
Oxaliplatin and capecitabine are instrumental in the adjunctive and palliative systemic management of colorectal cancer. The concurrent administration of these chemotherapeutic agents often results in adverse effects, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, leukopenia, and hand-foot syndrome. However, reports of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) caused by oxaliplatin and capecitabine are scarce. In this case study, we report a rare occurrence of lower-extremity DVT triggered by synergistic oxaliplatin and capecitabine chemotherapy in a patient diagnosed with malignant colon cancer. During the initial cycle of chemotherapy, the patient demonstrated DVT within the intermuscular veins of the right calf and abnormalities in markers of coagulation function. Enlargement of the intermuscular venous thrombosis and an increase in coagulation markers were observed subsequent to the second chemotherapy cycle. From our experience of this case, we suggest that DVT is induced by oxaliplatin and capecitabine warrants vigilant attention. Risk assessment for DVT prior to chemotherapy, coupled with early detection and intervention, is crucial for DVT prevention. Furthermore, enhancing the awareness of health care professionals and patients about the potential of chemotherapy-induced DVT is of paramount importance. Consequently, this case carries significant clinical implications.
RESUMO
Background: Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or its ligand PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies, opening a new era of tumor immunotherapy, and they have significantly improved the overall survival of many patients with advanced solid tumors. However, in addition to its effectiveness, we should also pay attention to its adverse effects. The instructions of the PD-1 inhibitor camrelizumab clearly indicate that reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation (RCCEP) is the most common adverse reaction; it is common for many immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Here we describe a case that anlotinib improved RCCEP induced by anti-PD-1 blockade camrelizumab with some focus on further management of this symptoms. Case Description: A 57-year-old man with squamous cell carcinoma of the upper lobe of the left lung, and with mediastinal lymphocyte and liver metastasis, received the fifth cycle of chemotherapy and immunotherapy with camrelizumab (200 mg, every 3 weeks). Four days after treatment with camrelizumab, the patient's face, head, neck, and chest skin had multiple scattered bright red round papules, which were diagnosed as RCCEP. The patient was treated with oral anlotinib (8 mg, once a day). After 5 days of treatment, the symptoms of RCCEP gradually eased, and the patient was discharged. Conclusions: In conclusion, we have reported a case of RCCEP induced by anti-PD-1 blockade camrelizumab. The patient was given oral anlotinib to relieve the symptoms of RCCEP. Suggesting that anlotinib could be a potential management to reduce the adverse reactions who are treated with camrelizumab. The risk for RCCEP should always be kept in mind during camrelizumab treatment.
