How does income and green technology innovation influence the emissions reduction effect of renewable energy: evidence from Chinese provincial data.

The development of renewable energy is a key measure to achieving carbon neutrality in China. Considering the significant regional differences in income levels and green technology innovation, it is essential to discuss the impact of renewable energy development on carbon emissions from the Chinese provincial level. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 1999 to 2019, this study first explores the impact of renewable energy on carbon emissions and regional heterogeneity. Moreover, the moderating effects of income levels on the nexus between renewable energy and carbon emissions, and the impact mechanism of green technology innovation are further examined. Results show that, first, renewable energy development can significantly reduce carbon emissions in China, and there exist obvious regional differences. Second, income levels present a non-linear moderating effect on the relationship between renewable energy and carbon emissions. The increase in income levels can effectively enhance the emission reduction effect of renewable energy only in high-income regions. Third, renewable energy development is an important mediating mechanism for green technology innovation to achieve emission reduction. Finally, policy implications are proposed to help China in advancing the development of renewable energy and achieve carbon neutrality.

[Schistosomiasis surveillance in mobile population of Xiuzhou District, Jiaxing City, 2013-2014].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the schistosome infection situation of mobile population in Xiuzhou District. METHODS: The data about the distribution of mobile population from the counties not reaching schistosomiasis transmission controlled in Xiuzhou District were collected, then the questionnaire survey combined with laboratory detection were used to investigate the situation of imported schistosomiasis in this district. In addition, the average infection rate and the estimated number of schistosomiasis patients were calculated. RESULTS: From 2013 to 2014, there were 15 940 people from the counties not reaching schistosomiasis transmission controlled in Xiuzhou District, among which, 4405 were investigated, and 124 of them had schistosomiasis and treatment history. Thirty-eight people were positive in serological tests, and 3 cases were positive in the etiological detection. The average infection rate of schistosome of the mobile population in Xiuzhou District was 0.068%, the calculated number of schistosomiasis patients was 11. CONCLUSIONS: The imported sources of infection are the main risk for the consolidation of the results of schistosomiasis control, which may result to the rebound of the endemic situation. So the management and surveillance of mobile population should be strengthened.

[Assessment of left ventricular twist in type 2 diabetes mellitus by using two-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking imaging].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the left ventricular twist characteristics in patients with type 2 diabetes by using two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (STI). METHODS: Ninety-three patients with type 2 diabetes admitted in Zhejiang Hospital from May 2012 to September 2013 were enrolled. According to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), patients were divided into two groups: normal left ventricular systolic function group (group A, LVEF≥0.50, n=46) and abnormal left ventricular systolic function group (group B, LVEF <0.50, n=47). Forty-six healthy subjects were selected as normal controls. STI was applied to quantitatively analyze the left ventricular twist. Correlation of the peak of left ventricular twist angle (Peaktw), aortic valve closure time twist angle (AVCtw), and mitral valve opening time twist angle (MVOtw) with LVEF, Tei index, E/A, and E/e was evaluated. Consistency check for STI was conducted to assess its stability and reliability. RESULTS: The Peaktw, AVCtw, and MVOtw in group A were significantly elevated than those in normal controls (P<0.05). The Peaktw, AVCtw, and MVOtw in group B was lower than those in normal controls and group A (P<0.05). In diabetic patients, the Peaktw, AVCtw, MVOtw were positively correlated with LVEF (r=0.968, 0.966, 0.938;P<0.05) and E/A (r=0.798, 0.790, 0.788; P<0.05), and were negatively correlated with Tei index (r=-0.834, -0.811, -0.797; P<0.05) and E/e (r=-0.823, -0.805, -0.771; P<0.05). The agreement between measurers and within measurers of Peaktw was satisfactory (between measurers: R=0.957, bias=-0.1, 95% consistency limit=-2.8-2.7; within measurer: R=0.964, bias=-0.2, 95% consistency limits=-2.7-2.2). CONCLUSION: STI can be used for early recognition of abnormal changes of cardiac function in type 2 diabetic mellitus patients, with high stability and reliability.

[Retrospective investigation for endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Zhejiang Province].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the changing rules of schistosomiasis endemic situation before and after reaching the criteria of schistosomiasis transmission controlled or transmission interrupted in Zhejiang Province, so as to provide scientific evidence for schistosomiasis control. METHODS: Xiuzhou District and Zhuji City were selected and investigated retrospectively to collect schistosomiasis epidemiological information 10 years before they reached the criteria of transmission controlled and the subsequent years until 2008. The database of retrospective investigation was established for analyzing the trends and rules of changes of Oncomelania hupensis snail status and schistosome infection status of cattle and human. RESULTS: The snail status and schistosome infection kept a steady declining before reaching the criteria of transmission controlled, and there were positive correlations between the area of living snails and the infection rates of human and animal in two places (r(human) = 0.764, P < 0.01, r(catlle) = 0.709, P < 0.01; r(huma) = 0.775, P < 0.01, r(catlle) = 0.676, P < 0.01); No local infection person and animal except residual snails, and found 7 cases of imported infection source were found after reaching the transmission interruption. CONCLUSION: The epidemic status of schistosomiasis in zhejiang is stable after reaching the criteria of transmission interruption, and residual snail are easy to re-found and spread under some certain conditions, and some imported cases were found sometimes, which may increase the risks for re-emergence of schistosomiasis. The integrated solidification strategy with emphasis on control of residual snails and imported cases should be taken in the areas of transmission interruption in the future.

[Causation of Oncomelania snail recurrence in water-net areas of Jiaxing City].

From 2004 to 2012, fourteen Oncomelania snail remaining spots with an area of 31.954 hm2 were found in the historical snail areas of Xiuzhou District, Jiaxing City. The recurrence time of snails was 5-39 years. These spots were mainly distributed in the complex breeding environments, such as paddy fields (37.15%), nursery stock fields (36.93%), mulberry fields (16.09%), and ditches (6.82%). A total of 8 370 snails were dissected and no infected ones were found. It suggests that the nursery stock fields should be included in the key points for snail surveillance in water-net areas where schistosomiasis transmission has been interrupted.

Synchronous fluorescence as a rapid method for the simultaneous determination of folic acid and riboflavin in nutritional beverages.

A rapid synchronous spectrofluorimetric method was first developed for the simultaneous determination of folic acid and riboflavin in nutrimental beverages. Folic acid could be detected by using H(2)O(2) plus Cu(II) as oxidation system to produce pterine-6-carboxylic acid, which had strong fluorescence in aqueous solution, and riboflavin itself was obviously fluorescent. Various operational parameters were thoroughly discussed in terms of their effects on the fluorescence signals, including instrumental parameters, concentration of the oxidation system, and pH. Under optimum conditions, the calibration curves were linear in the ranges of 100-250 µg/L for folic acid and 1-250 µg/L for riboflavin, and the detection limits were 2.0 and 0.014 µg/L, respectively. In addition, this method was applied to the determination of folic acid and riboflavin in nutrimental beverages with satisfactory results.

[Study on the aggregation behavior of cationic porphyrins and their interaction with ctDNA].

Interest in the interaction between cationic porphyrins, particularly derivatives of meso-tetra(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl) porphyrin(TMPyP), and DNA abounds because they are versatile DNA-binding agents that could find application in photodynamic therapy, cancer detection, artificial nucleases, virus inhibition and so on. The interaction of two water-soluble cationic porphyrins, meso-tetrakis(4-N, N, N-trimethylanilinium) porphyrin (TMAP) and 5-phenyl-10,15,20-tris[4-(N-methyl) pyridinium]porphyrin (TriMPyP), with calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) was studied by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and resonance light scattering technique. TriMPyP forms aggregate in water due to the molecular asymmetry while TMAP exists as monomers. At lower concentrations of ctDNA (R > 1, R = c(TMAP)/c(DNA) base pair), the interaction of TMAP with DNA leads to significant hypochromicity and bathochromic shift of absorption spectra. And the fluorescence of TMAP was quenched while it showed enhanced resonance light scattering signals. But the extent of enhancement of resonance light scattering signals is very small, so the aggregate of TMAP is not very high. These observations indicate the self-stacking of TMAP along the DNA surface. At higher concentrations of ctDNA (R < 1), TMAP association with DNA is via outside binding which is accompanied with hyperchromic effect and fluorescence enhancement while the resonance light scattering signals is reduced. DNA addition decreases the fluorescence intensity of TriMPyP and it shifts the peak to the higher wavelengths (red shift). The interaction with DNA promotes the aggregation of TriMPyP and no simple outside binding is observed even at higher concentrations of ctDNA. The steric effect of molecular distortion constrains the intercalation or further binding to DNA. The effect of ionic strength on the interaction was investigated at two DNA concentrations, 1.2 and 24.0 micromol x L(-1), for TMAP. The Interactions of both porphyrins with DNA show high sensitivity to ionic strength. By addition of NaCl, electrostatic attraction is decreased, resulting in the change of binding mode.

[3,5-Bis(benz-yloxy)phen-yl]methanol.

In the title compound, C(21)H(20)O(3), the two terminal phenyl rings are each approximately perpendicular to the central benzene ring, making dihedral angles of 84.40 (16) and 75.12 (15)°. The H atom of the hydr-oxy group is disordered over two positions with equal occupancies. The mol-ecules are linked by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a chain along the a axis.