Association Between the Lipid Profile and Renal Dysfunction in the Heart Failure Patients.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: In heart failure patients with high prevalence of chronic renal disease (CKD), hospitalization and mortality, whether the lipid profile was associated with renal dysfunction remained unknown. The present study intended to clarify the association between the lipid profile and renal dysfunction in the heart failure patients. METHODS: 336 hospitalized heart failure patients with left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤45% and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II-IV were enrolled. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 90 mL/min·1.73 m2 was defined as renal dysfunction. The demographic, clinical data, blood samples and echocardiography were documented. The Pearson simple linear correlation was performed to evaluate the confounding factors correlated with eGFR. The significantly correlated factors were enrolled in Logistic regression as confounding factors to determine the association between the lipid profile and renal dysfunction in the heart failure patients. RESULTS: 182 patients (54.2%) had renal dysfunction and 154 patients (45.8%) did not have renal dysfunction. The waist circumference, platelet counts, platelet distribution width (PDW), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1), albumin and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) are positively correlated with eGFR (all P< 0.05). Meanwhile, the age, mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophilic granulocyte percentage (NEUT%), urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine and total bilirubin (TBIL) are negatively correlated with eGFR (all P< 0.05). The total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and apolipoprotein B (apoB) show no correlation with eGFR. After the adjustment of sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, age, waist circumference, platelet counts, MPV, PDW, NEUT%, TBIL, albumin and LVEF, HDL-C is the only lipid factor still significantly associated with renal dysfunction in hospitalized heart failure patients (OR=0.119, P=0.003). CONCLUSION: Among the lipid profile of TC, triglyceride, LDL-C, HDL-C, apo A1 and apo B, the HDL-C is the only lipid factor significantly associated with renal dysfunction in hospitalized heart failure patients.

G-T haplotype established by rs3785889-rs16941382 in GOSR2 gene is associated with coronary artery disease in Chinese Han population.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study is to assess the association between the human GOSR2 gene and coronary artery disease using a haplotype-based case-control study in Chinese Han population. METHODS: A total of 283 coronary artery disease patients and 280 controls were genotyped for the human GOSR2 gene (rs197932, rs3785889, rs197922, rs17608766, and rs16941382). Data were analyzed for three separate groups: the total subjects, men, and women. RESULTS: For the total subjects, the frequency of the G-T haplotype established by rs3785889-rs16941382 was significantly higher in the coronary artery disease patients as compared to the control subjects (P=0.009). Multiple logistic regression analysis also confirmed that the subjects with G-T haplotype established by rs3785889-rs16941382 (homozygote) were found having significantly higher chance suffering from coronary artery disease than the ones without this haplotype (OR=1.887, P=0.007). CONCLUSIONS: The G-T haplotype established by rs3785889-rs16941382 may be a risk genetic marker for coronary artery disease patients in Chinese Han population.

Hamilton rating scale for depression-24 (HAM-D24) as a novel predictor for diabetic microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

The study was designed to investigate whether the hamilton rating scale for depression (24-items) (HAM-D24) can be used to predict the diabetic microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. 288 hospitalized patients with T2DM were enrolled. Their diabetic microvascular complications including diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy and diabetic foot as well as demographic, clinical data, blood samples and echocardiography were documented. All the enrolled patients received HAM-D24 evaluation. The HAM-D24 score and incidence of depression in T2DM patients with each diabetic microvascular complication were significantly higher than those in T2DM patients without each diabetic microvascular complication. After the adjustment of use of insulin and hypoglycemic drug, duration of T2DM, mean platelet volume, creatinine, albumin, fasting glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin type A1C, left ventricular ejection fraction, respectively, HAM-D24 score was still significantly associated with diabetic microvascular complications (OR = 1.188-1.281, all P < 0.001). The AUC of HAM-D24 score for the prediction of diabetic microvascular complication was 0.832 (0.761-0.902). 15 points of HAM-D24 score was considered as the optimal cutoff with the sensitivity of 0.778 and specificity of 0.785. In summary, HAM-D24 score may be used as a novel predictor of diabetic microvascular complications in T2DM patients.

Association between neutrophilic granulocyte percentage and depression in hospitalized patients with heart failure.

BACKGROUND: Previous researches reveal that depression is associated with increased inflammatory markers. As a simple and cheap inflammatory marker, we hypothesize that neutrophilic granulocyte percentage is associated with depression in hospitalized heart failure patients, whose prevalence of depression is at a very high level. METHODS: Three hundred sixty-six cases of hospitalized heart failure patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤45% and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II-IV were enrolled. All the enrolled patients received Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (24-items) (HAM-D24). The demographic, clinical data, blood samples and echocardiography were documented. The Pearson simple linear correlation was performed to evaluate the confounding factors correlated with HAM-D24 depression index. The significantly correlated factors were enrolled as independent variables in Logistic regression to determine the risk or protective factors for depression, which was taken as dependent variable. RESULTS: Two hundred ten cases of hospitalized heart failure patients (57.4%) had depression. Among them, 134 patients (63.8%) had mild depression, 58 patients (27.6%) had moderate depression and 18 patients (8.6%) had severe depression. Pearson simple linear correlation revealed that in hospitalized patients with heart failure, the neutrophils granulocyte percentage was positively correlated with the HAM-D24 depression index (r = .435, p < .001). After the adjustment of age, BMI, number of members of the household, smoking index, New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, hemoglobin, TC, LDL-C, creatinine, cystatin-C, TBIL and albumin, the neutrophils granulocyte percentage is still significantly associated with depression in hospitalized heart failure patients (OR = 1.046, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The neutrophils granulocyte percentage may be used as a new marker for depression in hospitalized heart failure patients.