Guided Bone Regeneration in a Periodontally Compromised Individual with Autogenous Tooth Bone Graft: A Radiomics Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Autogenous tooth bone graft material (AutoBT) has been advocated as a bone substitute when conducting alveolar ridge preservation. This study is aimed at using a radiomics approach in order to evaluate and testify whether AutoBT can stimulate bone growth during socket preservation in severe periodontal cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this study, 25 cases with severe periodontal diseases were selected. The patients' AutoBTs were inserted into the extraction sockets and covered with Bio-Gide® collagen membranes. 3D CBCT scans and 2D X-rays were taken of the patients before surgery and after 6 months post-surgery. For the retrospective radiomics analysis, the maxillary and mandibular images were compared in different groups. Maxillary bone height was analyzed at the buccal, middle, and palatal crest sites, while the mandibular bone height was compared at the buccal, center, and lingual crest sites. RESULTS: In the maxilla, the alveolar height was increased by -2.15 ± 2.90 mm at the buccal crest; -2.45 ± 2.36 mm at the center of the socket, and -1.62 ± 3.19 mm at the palatal crest, while the height of the buccal crest was increased by 0.19 ± 3.52 mm, and the height at the center of the socket was increased by -0.70 ± 2.71 mm in the mandible. The three-dimensional radiomics analysis demonstrated significant bone growth in the local alveolar height and high density. CONCLUSION: Based on clinical radiomics analysis, AutoBT could be used as an alternative bone material in socket preservation after tooth extraction in patients with severe periodontitis.

A randomized controlled trial to verify the irrigation of salivary glands in relieving xerostomia in patients with Sjögren's syndrome.

Objective: To verify the effect of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) and major salivary glands saline irrigation on relieving xerostomia in Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients. Methods: The enrolled 49 SS patients were randomly assigned to the control group (no irrigation, n=16), saline group (irrigation with saline, n=17) and TA group (irrigation with TA, n=16). Fourteen cases of each group were treated differently but received the same examinations. The examinations include unstimulated whole saliva flow (UWS), chewing-stimulated whole saliva flow (SWS), citric acid-stimulated parotid flow (SPF), Clinical Oral Dryness Score (CODS), Xerostomia Inventory (XI) and EULAR SS Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI) of 1 week before irrigation (T0) and 1 week(T1), 8 weeks (T8), 16 weeks (T16) and 24 weeks (T24) after major salivary irrigation. Results: Each group had 14 cases with completed follow-ups. Both TA and saline irrigation of major salivary glands resulted in higher SWS and SPF of T8, T16 and than those at T0. ESSPRI (oral dryness domain) of T8, T16 and T24 were significantly lower than that at T0, respectively (P < 0.05). SWS and SPF of T8, T16 and T24 in the saline group were significantly higher than in the control group (P< 0.05). XI and ESSPRI (oral dress domain) of T8, T16 and T24 in the saline group were significantly lower than those in the control group, respectively (P< 0.05). SWS and SPF of T16 and T24 in the TA group were significantly higher than in the control group (P< 0.05). All cases with completed follow-up in TA and saline groups were divided into responders and non-responders. Compared with responders, the UWS, SWS, SPF and CODS of T0 in non-responders were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with responders, the XI and ESSPRI of T0 in non-responders were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion: The irrigation of major salivary glands by TA and saline relieve xerostomia in SS patients. Patients with non-severe xerostomia (responders) have better relief after irrigation than patients with severe xerostomia (non-responders). Clinical Trial Registration: www.chictr.org.cn, identifier (ChiCTR210052314).

Incidence and risk factor analysis for swelling after apical microsurgery.

BACKGROUND: Swelling after apical microsurgery is a postoperative reaction and may reduce quality of life during healing. AIM: To evaluate periapical swelling after apical microsurgery and determine potential risk factors. METHODS: Ninety-eight apical microsurgery patients were selected for this study. Before surgery, bone shadow volume and density of pathological tissue were measured by cone beam computed tomography. The other variables (age, gender, operative teeth number, fistula, preoperative swelling, drug use and preoperative root canal treatments) were assessed during examination. Swelling degree was confirmed by questionnaires for patients on postoperative days 1, 7, 14 and 21. Statistical analyses were performed to identify predictors for swelling. RESULTS: Majority of patients reported moderate (45.9%) or severe (34.7%) swelling on day 1, and moderate (44.9%) or mild (45.9%) on postoperative day 7. Ninety-nine percent of patients had no or mild swelling on postoperative day 14. The average swelling level peaked on day 1 postoperatively and gradually decreased. Of statistical significance, age, bone shadow volume and density of pathological tissue acted as predictors of swelling (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in gender, tooth number, fistula, preoperative swelling, drug use, or preoperative root canal treatments (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Younger patients with larger shadow volume and density were significantly more likely to develop swelling after apical microsurgery.

Does Low-Magnitude High-Frequency Vibration (LMHFV) Worth for Clinical Trial on Dental Implant? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Animal Studies.

Being as a non-pharmacological medical intervention, low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV) has shown a positive effect on bone induction and remodeling for various muscle diseases in animal studies, among which dental implants osteointegration were reported to be improved as well. However, whether LMHFV can be clinically used in dental implant is still unknown. In this study, efficacy, parameters and side effects of LMHFV were analyzed via data before 15th July 2020, collecting from MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Ovid and Cochrane Library databases. In the screened 1,742 abstracts and 45 articles, 15 animal studies involving 972 implants were included. SYRCLE's tool was performed to assess the possible risk of bias for each study. The GRADE approach was applied to evaluate the quality of evidence. Random effects meta-analysis detected statistically significant in total BIC (P < 0.0001) and BV/TV (P = 0.001) upon loading LMHFV on implants. To conclude, LMHFV played an active role on BIC and BV/TV data according to the GRADE analysis results (medium and low quality of evidence). This might illustrate LMHFV to be a worthy way in improving osseointegration clinically, especially for osteoporosis. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier: NCT02612389.

Distinguishing anthropogenic and natural sources of trace elements in soils undergoing recent 10-year rapid urbanization: a case of Donggang, Eastern China.

A total of 59 samples consisting of 45 topsoils samples and 14 subsoils samples were collected from urban soils of Donggang and were analyzed for soil properties and 12 trace elements. The mean contents of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, V, and Zn in topsoils were 5.76, 0.20, 9.88, 44.82, 17.69, 0.05, 578.96, 19.98, 28.38, 0.21, 58.88, and 58.32 mg kg(-1), respectively. The mean enrichment factor results suggested that Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Se, and Zn were enriched in topsoils compared with subsoils. Spatial distribution maps of trace elements indicated that Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Se, and Zn had similar patterns, with the highest values in the industrial region. There were no significant associations displayed between spatial distributions of As, Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, and V and the industrial region. Through correlation analysis, stepwise regression analysis, and redundancy analysis, three main sources of 12 trace elements were identified. Cd, Hg, and Se originated from industrial emissions and coal combustion, and As, Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, and V had a lithogenic origin. The combination of human activities and natural sources contributed to the contents of Cu, Pb, and Zn, and the human activities included industrial and traffic emissions.