[ROLE OF THE SYMPATHOADRENOMEDULLARY SYSTEM IN FORMATION OF PILOT'S ADAPTATION TO FLIGHT LOADS].

Purpose of the work was to evaluate the sympathoadrenomedullary functions and associated psychophysiological reactions of pilots as a function of flight hours on highly maneuverable aircraft. Volunteers to the investigation were 78 pilots (41 pilots of maneuverable aircraft and 37 pilots of bombers and transporters). Selected methods were to enable comprehensive evaluation of the body functioning against flight loads. Our results evidence that piloting of high maneuverable aircraft but not of bombing and transporting aircrafts activates the sympathoadrenomedullary system significantly. This is particularly common to young pilots with the total flying time less than 1000 hours. Adaptive changes to flight factors were noted to develop with age and experience.

Spectroscopy of systems with time variable parameters: photoreflectance of GaAs(001) under cesium adsorption.

A modification of photoreflectance spectroscopy, which improves the precision and efficiency of measuring time-evolving surface electric fields, is proposed. This modification is explored for studying the band bending evolution under cesium adsorption on the reconstructed GaAs(001) surface and relaxation processes in the non-equilibrium adsorbate overlayer. Observation of several distinct maxima and minima in the coverage dependence of the band bending can be explained by the formation of adatom-induced surface states with a quasi-discrete spectrum.

[Epidemiology and prophylaxis of septic infectious complications in patients from critical and intensive therapy surgical units].

AIM: To investigate efficacy of the extended complex of preventive and antiepidemic measures for reduction of nosocomial infections incidence in patients treated in critical and intensive therapy (CIT) surgical units. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From 2003 to 2005 CIT units of N.N. Burdenko Central Military Hospital conducted a study with participation of 200 patients aged 50 to 77 years after extended abdominal operations. The patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (n = 100) received standard prophylaxis of infectious complications, group 2 (n = 100) received an extended complex of prophylactic and antiepidemic measures. First-line antibacterial therapy in all the patients included cephalosporines of the third generation and metronidasol. The extended complex included air decontamination with application of the system "Clean room complex"; prevention of nosocomial, particularly ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP); prevention of catheter-associated sepsis; use of disposable sterile items. RESULTS: Group I patients developed sepsis in 30%, septic shock and polyorganic insufficiency (POI)--in 16% cases; lethality due to infectious complications was 13%. Gram-negative microflora was dominating. In group 2 sepsis was diagnosed in 22%, septic shock and POI--in 11%, lethality was 11%. CONCLUSION: The extended complex ofpreventive and antiepidemic measures significantly reduced the rate of severe infectious complications and related lethality. Among the agents of nosocomial infection the percentage of staphylococci and blue pus bacillus decreased while that of enterococci and E. coli increased. Contamination of the ambient air and CIT units reduced significantly.

[Characteristics of endocrine disorders in the early stages of the development of chronic experimental pancreatitis]. / Kharakteristika éndokrinnykh narushenii na rannikh étapakh razvitiia éksperimental'nogo khronicheskogo pankreatita.

The experiments on normal mongrel dogs and those with chronic experimental pancreatitis were performed to reveal the early changes of the endocrine pancreas function. The concentration of immunoreactive insulin and glucagon were studied in afferent vessels of the organ after intraarterial glucose-loading during pancreatic perfusion in situ. The data obtained have shown that in chronic pancreatitis the maximum secretion of insulin is decreased and delayed, as compared to normal animals. At the same time insulin-glucagon secretion ratio remains unchanged. That was indicative of the normal alpha-cell function at the early stages of the disease.

[Insulin secretion in dogs with experimental pancreatitis to the intrapancreatic administration of glucose]. / Sekretsiia insulina u sobak s éksperimental'nym pankreatitom pri vnutripankreaticheskom vvedenii gliukozy.

Early immunoreactive insulin and glucose alterations were studied in the pancreatoduodenal vein of dogs with experimental hepatitis after rapid glucose injection into the pancreatic artery. The blood was collected from the pancreatoduodenal vein every 10 s. In the early period of insulin release the stimulant effect of glucose on insulin secretion was less pronounced in animals with experimental hepatitis as compared with control.