[Combined chemotherapy of patients with tuberculosis - new regimens and dosage forms]. / Kompleksnaia khimioterapiia bolnykh tuberkulëzom - novye rezhimy i lekarstvennye formy.

310 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis disseminating bacteria received isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin (ethambutol) and pirazinamid in different regimens and dosage forms. The drugs were administered in sequence or simultaneously, in single or divided doses. The best time and number characteristics as regards the discharge negativation were obtained in pirazinamid administration at a single dose daily or each other day irrespective of other drugs intake. 100 patients were given isoniazid, rifampicin and pirazinamid in multicomponent form tricox (Jemis, India). Tricox proved effective under additional administration of isoniazid in the same dose as was fixed in tricox.

[Drug prophylaxis of liver lesions induced by isoniazid and its metabolites]. / Medikamentoznaia profilaktika porazhenii pecheni, obuslovlennykh izoniazidom i ego metabolitami.

The results of the experiments with use of isoniazid and its metabolites showed that in the liver of rats isoniazid induced albuminous degeneration with stroma inflammation and hepatocyte necrosis, monoacetylhydrazine induced fatty hepatosis, acetylisoniazid induced fatty hepatosis with stroma inflammation and hepatocyte necrosis and isonicotinic acid induced granular degeneration. Piracetam proved to be efficient in fatty hepatosis. Riboxin and dibunol were efficient in hepatitis. The drugs used clinically as liver protectors, i.e. cobamamide, pyridoxal phosphate and methionine had no protective action in liver affections induced by isoniazid whereas catergen, lipamide, dipromonium and methindione even aggravated such affections.

[Pharmacokinetics of rifampicin administered intravenously to pulmonary tuberculosis patients]. / Farmakokinetika rifampitsina pri vnutrivennom vvedenii u bol'nykh tuberkulezom legkikh.

Pharmacokinetics of rifampicin studied in 15 patients after its intravenous administration in a dose of 10 mg/kg was described by a two-compartment model. The drug levels in serum and urine were determined with a chemical method. At the moment of the infusion discontinuation the maximum drug levels in serum averaged to 14.05 micrograms/ml. The mean values of the total clearance, distribution of the kinetic volume and half-lives were 93.2 ml/(h X kg), 1016.1 ml/kg and 8.1 h respectively. Cumulative excretion of the total rifampicin within 24 hours amounted to 19.4 per cent of the administered dose, the proportions of the main metabolite (25-O-desacetyl rifampicin) and intact rifampicin being equal to 29 and 71 per cent respectively. The renal and nonrenal clearance of rifampicin amounted to 14.2 and 79 ml/(h X kg) respectively.

[Pharmacokinetic bases for the drug-free prevention of drug-induced hepatitis in pulmonary tuberculosis patients]. / Farmakokineticheskie osnovy bezmedikamentoznoi profilaktiki lekarstvennykh gepatitov u bol'nykh tuberkulezom legkikh.

The causes and frequency of occurrence of toxic hepatitides determined by isoniazid and rifampicin, were analysed in 551 patients with primary tuberculosis detected by clinical pharmacological methods. The intravenous mode of drug administration was shown to be indicated for prevention of isoniazid hepatitides in patients with a fast type of acetylation. Doses and methods of therapy with isoniazid and streptomycin leading to their high concentrations in the patients' body should be avoided to prevent liver affection with rifampicin. Since rifampicin hepatitides develop in persons with a slow type of acetylation, rifampicin and isoniazid with streptomycin should be injected with a 6-hour interval to prevent them.

[Ethambutol pharmacokinetics in pulmonary tuberculosis patients]. / Farmakokinetika étambutola u bol'nykh tuberkulezom legkikh.

Specific features of ethambutol pharmacokinetics were studied in 53 patients with first detected pulmonary tuberculosis. Pharmacokinetic parameters were interpreted by using an one-part model with absorption. Pharmacokinetic parameters Cmax, Me infinity were shown to be distributed according to a normal law of distribution of probabilities, Kel--according to a logarithmically normal law.

[Acute toxic action of combinations of antibiotics with isoniazid]. / Issledovanie ostrogo toksicheskogo deistviia kombinatsii nekotorykh antibiotikov s izoniazidom.

Acute toxicity of isoniazid combinations with rifampicin or various streptomycin salts was studied on 1237 noninbred mice. The toxic effect of the combinations of the drugs in different weight ratios was estimated with the method of graphic analysis of Leve and Muischnek. The experiments showed that rifampicin and streptomycin had no effect on isoniazid ability to induce spasms. The combination of isoniazid with rifampicin had an additive action with an insignificant decrease in the toxic effect. 1 : 2 was the most optimal ratio of the drugs. When the mixture of isoniazid and streptomycin was used in the same syringe, the toxicity increased. However, injection of these drugs alone with an interval of 1-2 minutes had a more favourable additive effect when used in an optimal ratio of 1 : 1.6.

[A pool hemopoietic stem cells and resistance of mice to toxic substances depending upon food rations]. / Pul krovetvornykh stvolovykh kletok i ustoichivost' myshei k toksicheskim veshchestvam v zavisnmosti ot kachestva pischevykh ratsionov

Tests set up on male-mice of the CBA/I lineage demonstrated that fat carbohydrate rations of 1:7.3 and 1:3.8 in granulated combined fodder tend to increase the number of stem cells in a statistically fashion. Among mongrel mice kept on a ration with 7 per cent of fat a combination of mexamine with AET was found to loose some of its toxicity.