[Fibronectin and insulin-like growth factor-1 in pathogenesis of open-angle and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma].

The aim of the present investigation was to study the role of fibronectin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in pathogenesis of primary open-angle and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. Immune enzyme analysis was performed on aqueous humour of 480 patients with complicated cataracts on the background of primary open-angle and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. The aqueous humour of patients with senile cataracts was used as control. The content of fibronectin and IGF-1 in aqueous humour was determined using appropriate kits (DRG-International Inc., USA) in the absorbance wavelength range 420-450 nm. The obtained results were analyzed using Student's criteria and application of SPSS-13/80. Relatively high levels of fibronectin and IGF-1 were recorded in aqueous humour of patients with complicated cataracts (cataracts on the background of open-angle and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma), as compared to indices of both cytokines in the aqueous humour of control group patients. In mechanisms of eye drainage function impairment and intraocular pressure increase an important role belongs to in situ (i.e. in the eye membranes) produced fibronectin and IGF-1.

[Disorders of ion balance in intraocular liquid at patients with senile and complicated cataracts].

Nowadays the regional mechanisms underlying disorders of drainage function and the increased intraocular pressure at various types of glaucoma are the subject of wide discussion in ophthalmology. In the specified aspect and to this day there are no comprehensive data concerning the roles of the broken ion exchange in hydrostatic systems of an eye, in particular, potassium-sodium pomp in mechanisms of ophtalmohypertension induction. The object of research was intraocular liquid of patients with the senile and complicated cataracts proceeding on the background of anterior open-angle glaucoma, pseudoexfoliative glaucoma, cataracts proceeding on the background of idiopathic hypertension, diabetes and the previous trauma. Samples of intraocular liquid were subjected to ion-selective analysis for definition of sodium, calcium and potassium ions content that was expressed in mmol/L. The analyzer Kone-microlyte (Finland) was used at definition of ionic composition. Program coefficient was defined using the refractometer of Shibuya Optical CO (Japan). The results were subjected to the statistical analysis using Student's criteria, with application of computer program SPSS version 13 ANOVA. At the cataract proceeding on the background of anterior open-angle glaucoma and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma in intraocular liquid relatively high indexes of the diffraction index and level of sodium and calcium ions were registered on the background of potassium ions decreased content. At the complicated cataracts: the cataract proceeding on the background of open-angle glaucoma and pseudoexfoliative cataract, in intraocular liquid the alterations in its protein and ionic composition are found to be considered as the risk factors resulting in disorders of drainage function and increase of intraocular pressures.

[Post-operational acute inflammation of an eye in patients with cataracts].

Despite the implementation of the newest highly efficient equipment into the practice of modern clinical ophthalmology, improvement of technical skills of ophthalmologist surgeons, the cases of post-operational acute endophthalmitis development, toxic syndrome of anterior segment of an eye, reactive aseptic inflammatory process are rather negatively reflected in the course of a post-operational process of rehabilitation. Under our supervision there were 1100 patients with the senile and complicated cataracts, who underwent operational intervention microcoaxial phacoemulsification. Differential diagnostics was carried out on the basis of the standard objective and subjective methods of research accepted in ophthalmology. On the basis of obtained data is found that clinical symptomatology of autoimmune aseptic anterior uveitis, in particular, the eye inflammation associated with the broken syndrome of an eye anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID), considerably differs from clinical implications of acute endophthalmitis and a toxic syndrome of the anterior chamber of an eye. In overwhelming majority of cases under the complicated cataracts, precisely the autoimmune aseptic inflammatory process, which originated due to withdrawal of regional immune reactions responsible for ACAID, was observed in postoperative period.

[Post-operational acute iridocyclitis and immune shifts in intraocular humor of patients with cataracts].

The negative tendency of cataracts growth, which is a consequence of various diseases of the organism including those of eyes, combined in the concept "the complicated cataract" is clearly traced now. In the concept of such a complication of cataracts as the acute autoimmune iridocyclitis, the important role, in our opinion, should be given to regional immunopathological disorders, which testify to the withdrawal of the known phenomenon underlying in the immunological tolerance of post-barrier eye membrane "a syndrome of eye anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID). Microcoaxial phacoemulsification was carried in three hundred patients with senile and complicated cataracts. The intraocular humor of the operated patients was subjected to immune-enzyme immunomorphological analysis for СD4, СD8, IgG and B-lymphocytic populations. On the base of performed clinical-laboratory research we found that the gravest inflammatory process in eye tissues manifested in the form of autoimmune aseptic iridocyclitis was observed particularly in patients with complicated cataracts, proceeding on the background of glaucoma, diabetes and the previous trauma of an eye. The high indicators of IgG, СD4 were registered on the background of low СD8 indicators in the intraocular humour at these patients. The revealed regional inflammatory reaction in eye tissues testifies, in our opinion, in favour of in situ withdrawal of ACAID; this latter brings to origination of acute aseptic autoimmune iridocyclitis in the early post-operational course of the complicated cataracts.