Network migration of ethnic Germans.

"This study has argued that network migration is central to actual migratory movements, which suggests that its determinants should be carefully investigated. The analysis demonstrates that the network behavior of ethnic Germans can be explained, to a large degree, by observable characteristics. Two crucial variables were investigated, namely the connections to friends from the country of origin and the settlement close to relatives and friends. East Europeans, especially from Rumania, are significantly more connected to friends from the same country of origin than are East Germans. These connections strongly decline with duration of residence and presence in rural areas. Older people are more likely to settle close to friends or relatives at the time of immigration. Population density increases, education, length of stay in a reception camp, and per capita government expenditures decrease the likelihood of such a settlement."

Count data models for demographic data.

"This paper deals with the estimation of single equation models in which the counts are regressed on a set of observed individual characteristics such as age, gender, or nationality.... We propose a generalized event count model to simultaneously allow for a wide class of count data models and account for over- and underdispersion. This model is successfully applied to German data on fertility, divorces and mobility." (SUMMARY IN FRE)

Native wage impacts of foreign labor: a random effects panel analysis.

"In this paper, we explore the...issue of how wages are affected [by foreign labor] using a vast panel data set for West Germany.... The paper provides evidence that foreigners affect the wages of low-qualified and high-qualified Germans. While relatively small gains are made by white collar employees with less than 20 years experience, these are outweighed by the larger wage reductions experienced by blue collar employees."

[Economic consequences of migration for the domestic labor market]. / Okonomische Konsequenzen der Migration fur den heimischen Arbeitsmarkt.

"The purpose of this study was an evaluation of the labor market consequences of immigration. The European countries had substantial experiences with labor migration in recent years. The various theoretical channels how natives might be affected by foreign labor are discussed, especially the issue whether natives and foreigners are complements or substitutes. Most empirical studies for the U.S. confirm that the employment and wage processes of natives are hardly affected. However, recent investigations for Germany qualify these findings." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND FRE)

European migration policy.

PIP: The author analyzes the economic consequences of immigration for the European Community. The primary focus is on labor migration. Possible conclusions regarding migration policy are examined.^ieng

The demographics of labour turnover: a comparison of ordinal probit and censored count data models.

The authors use date collected in 1977 on unemployed residents of West Germany aged 15-54 years old to compare two statistical models used to analyze labor market mobility. "Two classes of statistical models seem appropriate for this type of analysis, the ordinal probit model assuming a latent continuous variable behind the observables, and the count data approach with prominent members as the Poisson and the negative binomial model.... The first point of interest is to explore whether both approaches lead to similar findings.... We outline some approaches...that enable a...researcher to judge the quality of the estimated model....[Then] we compare the performance of the ordinal probit and count data models. Section 2 presents data and hypotheses. Section 3 discusses the econometric methodology. Section 4 contains the empirical results and the model comparisons." (SUMMARY IN FRE)

Savings, remittances, and return migration.

"We use a data set of immigrants to West Germany to simultaneously study both savings and remittances which we relate to individual characteristics, economic variables, migration experiences and remigration plans. Section 2 discusses the basic hypotheses and explains the data. Section 3 presents the empirical study and Section 4 summarizes." The results suggest that "savings and remittances of migrants can be well explained by remigration plans and economic as well as demographic variables. However, the planned future duration of residence in Germany has a negative and significant effect only on remittances."

Ageing and the labor market: age structure, cohort size and unemployment.

PIP: An economist analyzed 1950-1987 specific data and 1967-1988 age-specific unemployment rates from West Germany to examine the effects of relative cohort size and relative cohort age on unemployment. He used Augmented Dickey-Fuller Tests to look at stationarity for each series. Then he conducted cointegration regressions between the 2 variables if integrated at order 1. He used 4 error correction models to determine short run behavior. In the long run, high unemployment rates did not occur among young cohorts, if their cohort size was relatively high. Instead higher age cohorts were crowded out, especially the higher age cohorts of males. In fact, relative average age of the young reduced unemployment. The short run tended to be independent of the long run equilibrium conditions yet the series were cointegrated. Further the business cycle indicator explained much of the short run behavior of unemployment change. 20-24 and 25-34 year old cohorts were the most sensitive. Cohort size and age had a positive impact on unemployment in the short run, but the estimates were significant for only 6 of 14 cases for cohort size particularly male unemployment change and 2 of 14 cases for age affect (female unemployment change). The economist further remarked that German reunification oand immigration by ethnic Germans from East Europe does not change the issue of demographic aging even though former East Germans had higher fertility and East German society was less aging than that of West Germany.^ieng

Interrelationships between mortality and fertility in Germany: rural and urban Prussia and modern Germany.

"The paper investigates the interrelationship between fertility and infant mortality and its economic determinants by time-series methods for historical and modern Germany. It is studied whether the causal effects of infant mortality on fertility have to be considered as hoarding or replacement, and whether the costs of nutrition have an influence on family decision making about demographic variables. Results show that there are indications for replacement motives, and that economic factors matter." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND ITA)

[Roots of modern population economics in German literature around 1900]. / Wurzeln der modernen okonomischen Bevolkerungstheorie in der deutschen Forschung um 1900.

"The economic theory of the family developed by Becker makes use of the microeconomic decision model of the rational agent and the distinction between quantity and quality of children. This theory provides a substantial contribution to the explanation of fertility decline in developed countries. The paper shows that all relevant elements of this theory and important statistical findings were already suggested and published between 1901 and 1910 by Brentano and Mombert in Germany." (SUMMARY IN ENG)