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ObjectiveTo explore the effects and satisfaction of reference-induced blended teaching method in medical statistics teaching for undergraduate students in clinical medicine. MethodA total of 83 clinical medical undergraduate students from the class of 2018 at the Tongji University School of Medicine were enrolled into the study. The effect evaluation of blended teaching based on reference-induced self education （RISE） in the course of medical statistics was conducted. A self-designed questionnaire was used to assess student satisfaction. ResultsCompared with the traditional teaching method group， students’ distinguished achievement rate and pass rate in total score from RISE blended teaching group were 53.7% and 96.3%， respectively， and 83.3% students were satisfied with the overall effect. The RISE blended teaching method had higher satisfaction in stimulating learning interest （90.7% satisfaction rate， P=0.034） and cultivating scientific research ability （96.3% satisfaction rate， P=0.048）. ConclusionThe RISE blended teaching method， which integrates literature guidance with online and offline approaches， organically combines statistical knowledge with clinical research problems. It yields positive results in medical statistics education， stimulating learning interest， and fostering innovative scientific research abilities.
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We aimed to summarize reliable medical evidence by the meta-analysis of all published clinical trials that investigated the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of vaccine candidates against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and medRxiv databases were used to select the studies. 7094 articles were identified initially and 43 were retrieved for more detailed evaluation. 5 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials were selected. A total of 1604 subjects with either vaccines or placebo infections were included in the meta-analysis within the scope of these articles. According to the results, there is an increase in total adverse events for subjects with either low (95% CI: 1.90-4.29) or high (CI: 2.65-5.63) dose vaccination. The adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccine are mainly local ones including pain, itching, and redness, and no significant difference was identified in the systemic reactions. All adverse effects were transient and resolved within a few days. Moreover, the neutralizing and IgG antibody levels post different dose vaccinations were all significantly increased at day 14/21 (P = 0.0004 and P = 0.0003, respectively) and day 28/35 (P < 0.00001) in vaccine groups compared to placebo controls. Besides, the levels of neutralizing and IgG antibodies were also elevated significantly at from day 14 to 35, versus day 0 (All P < 0.001). In conclusion, our analysis suggests that the current COVID-19 vaccine candidates are safe, tolerated, and immunogenic, which provides important information for further development, evaluation, and clinical application of COVID-19 vaccine.
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Objective To evaluate the quantity and quality of graphs and tables in medical literature.Methods We conducted a retrospective survey of 750 randomly selected original research articles,from 2011-2015 issues of 5 academic medical journals by using a stratified random sampling method.Paper characteristics,application status,quantity and quality of graphs and tables were analyzed.Results More than 48％ of original research articles contained at least 1 table or graph.The highest frequency of using table and graph was in clinical research.The number of tables and the number of articles with tables were both significantly decreased during 2011-2015 (P=0.034).The most common errors in tables were the inconsistent decimal number and the presentation of numeric data without right alignment.Only 12％ of the articles contained at least 1 graph.Ofthe 175 graphs,bar chart with intervals predominated.Compared with other domains,the completeness of graphs was excellence.Conclusions The result expression in medical research is still dominated by tables.And the quality of graphs is much better than tables.
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Objective: To observe the effects of manganese( Ⅲ ) meso-tetrakis (N, N'-diethylimidazolium-2-yl) porphyrin (MnTDM) in treatment of early Parkinson's disease(PD) mouse model induced by subcutaneous injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP) and to discuss its possible mechanism. Methods:Forty male C57BL/6 mice were evenly randomized into 4 groups: MPTP model group(subcutaneous injection of 25 mg/kg MPTP for 3 days), MnTDM+ MPTP group (15 mg/kg MnTDM was subcutaneously injected 1 h before MPTP injection), MnTDM control group, and normal saline group. Performance of animals in the pole and swimming test was observed 3 days after the last injection. Levels of dopamine (DA) and its metabolites(3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid [DOPAC] and homovanillic acid [HVA]) in the striatum of animals were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with an electrochemical detector(HPLC-ECD). Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method was used to examine the levels of malondialdehyde(MDA). Results: Acute injection of MPTP could be used for establishment of PD model. The striatal levels of DA, DOPAC and HVA in MPTP group were significantly lower(P＜0.01)and the striatal level of MDA was significantly higher(P＜0.05) than those of the control group. MPTP had no obvious effect on the behavioral performance of the animals in a short term. MnTDM could partly inhibit the above effects of MPTP. Compared with MPTP group, MnTDM+ MPTP group had significantly higher DA, DOPAC, and HVA levels and significantly lower MDA level(all P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the behavioral indices of animals between the 4 groups. Conclusion:MnTDM can inhibit lipid peroxidation and promote DA production; it has preventive and therapeutic effects on MPTP induced PD.
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Objective To explore the protein expression of p53 and PTEN in osteosarcoma and the relationship between them and the three-year survival ratios of osteosarcoma patients.Methods The protein expression of p53 and PTEN was detected using immunohistochemical methods in 53 cases of osteosarcoma proved by surgery and pathology. Results There was significant difference between the both kind of relationship with the protein expression of PTEN and the three-year survival ratios of osteosarcoma patients who had negative expression of p53. There was no significant difference between the both kind of relationship with the protein expression of PTEN and the three-year survival ratios of osteosarcoma patients who had positive expression of p53. PTEN expression,which was analysed by logistic regression, was entered the regression model ,but p53 expression was not. Conclusion PTEN expression is more important than p53 expression in predicting the prognosis of the patient with osteosarcoma.
